例1、The discovery of new evidence led
to _________.
A. the thief having caught B. catch
the thief
C. the thief being caught D.
the thief to be caught
答案为C。
[解析] lead to这个词组中to是介词,后面跟名词,于是B被排除,the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语,构成动名词的复合结构,与catch之间应是被动关系,故排除A。常见的带介词to的短语有:(get) be used to, look forward
to,look up to,
stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。
例2、Though _______money, his parents
managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
答案为C。
[解析] lack是及物动词,后接宾语money。his parents与lack是逻辑上的主谓关系,要用现在分词作状语。译文:虽然缺钱,他的父母亲还是设法让他上了大学。
例3、He got well-prepared for the job
interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose B.
losing C.
to be lost D.
being lost
答案:B
[解析] risk后面只能带动名词做宾语,含义为“冒……之险”。
例4、
_____ to sunlight for too much
time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed D. After being
exposed
答案为C。
[解析] 在非谓语动词中,用动名词或不定式来作主语,而分词和介词短语不能作主语,因此A、D被排除。在这个句子中,will do是谓语,缺少主语,要用动名词作主语。expose与one's skin是动宾关系,所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。译文:在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。
例5、____ into use
in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating
supply breakdowns.
A. Put B.
Putting C.
Having put D.
Being put
答案:A
[解析] put sth. into use “让……投入使用”。显然,put 和句子主语the hotline 构成被动关系,所以用表示被动的过去分词。
例6、It was unbelievable that the fans
waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the sports stars.
A. had B.
having C.
to have D.
have
答案:C
[解析] 动词不定式充当目的状语。
例7、With a lot of difficult problems
_______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
答案为C
[解析]动词不定式to
settle作为difficult
problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题;过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题,现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在解决的难题。
例8、More and more people are signing up
for Yoga classes nowadays, ____ advantage of the health and relaxation
benefits.
A. taking B.
taken C.
having taken D.
having been taken
答案:A
[解析] take advantage of (利用)和句子主语More and more people 构成主动关系,且和句子谓语sign up for (报名参加)同时发生,所以选择A。
例9、
Sandy could do
nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit B.
admitted C.
admitting D. to
admit
答案为A。
[解析] 该句中的but是介词,后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do,does或did时,后接不带to的不定式;是其他动词时,后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是could
do nothing,要填动词原形admit。译文:山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。
例10、
He sent me an e-mail, ________
to get further information.
A. hoped B.
hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
答案为B。
[解析] 现在分词hoping表示与send me an
e-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时,句子的正确形式是:He sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一词,如果要选择“hoped”时,句子的正确形式是:He sent me an e-mail and
hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。
第三节 巩固练习
Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.
1. _____
anything about the accident ,he went to work as usual.
A. Not known B.
Known not C.
Knowing not D.
Not knowing
2. -Have you decided when_____?
-Yes,
tomorrow morning.
A. to leave B.
to be leaving C.
will you leave D. are you leaving
3. I really enjoy_____ that kind of job.
A. do B.
doing C.
to do D.
to be doing
4. -There’s a hole in your bag.
-l know. I am going to have
it_____.
A. mend B.
mending C.
mended D. to be mended
5. The next morning she found the man in bed, _____ dead.
A. lying B.
lie C.
lay D.
laying
6. Tell him_____ the window.
A. to shut not B.
not to shut C.
to not shut D.
not shut
7. The furniture ______on October 15 was seriously damaged because of a road
accident .
A. being delivered
B. having
delivered
C. having been delivered
D.
delivered
8. He had his leg_____ in the match yesterday.
A. to break B.
broken C.
break D.
breaking
9. I can’t imagine_____ that with them.
A. do B.
to do C.
being done D.
doing
10. Most of the people_____ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B.
to invite C.
being invited D.
inviting
11. -Good morning. Can I help you?
-I’d like to have this package_____, madam.
A. be weighed B.
to be weighed C.
to weigh D.
weighed
12. Slowly she opened the letter, _____.
A. her hands trembled slightly B. slightly her hands were trembled
C. her hands slightly trembling C. trembling her hands slightly
13. All ______will be present at the conference .
A. parties concerned
B.
parties concerning
C. concerned parties
D.
concerning parties
14. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B.
To give C.
Giving D.
Having given
15. She reached the top of the hill and stopped_____ on a big rock by the side
of the path.
A. to have rested B.
resting C.
to rest D.
rest
16. Last summer I took a course on_______.
A. how to make dresses
B.
how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses D.
how dresses to be made
17. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_____ behind his back.
A. being tied B.
having tied C.
to be tied D.
tied
18. The secretary worked late into the night, _____ a long speech for the
president.
A. to prepare B.
preparing C.
prepared D.
was preparing
19. I can hardly imagine Peter_____ across the Atlantic
Ocean in five days.
A. sail B.
to sail C.
sailing D.
to have sailed
20. -The light in the office is still
on.
-Oh, I forgot_____.
A. turning it off B.
turn it off C.
to turn it off D. having turned it off
21. The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until
1912.
A. first playing B.
to be first played C.
first played D.
to be first playing
22. Not having finished his homework, _____ to watch the game.
A. so he was forbidden B.
he forbade
C. he was forbidden D.
mother forbid him
23. The _____ world population is
the result of recent advances in medical science.
A. increased B.
increase
C.
being increasing D. Increasing
24. _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B.
Leaving C. If you leave D.
Leave
25. Cleaning women in big cities usually get______ by the hour.
A. pay B.
paying C.
paid D.
to pay
26. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular
sport in the world.
A. making B.
makes C.
made D.
to make
27. Robert is said_____ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C.
to be studying D. to have been
studying
28. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _____ it more
difficult.
A. not make B.
not to make C.
not making D.
do not make
29. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, ______ “Sorry to miss you; will
call later.”
A. read B.
reads C.
to read D.
reading
30. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what______ in my new job.
A. expected B.
to expect C.
to be expecting D. expects
31. It is impossible to avoid ______by advertisements in a modern society.
A. to be influenced B. being influenced C.
to influence D. influenced
32. Some people believe that some numbers show the ______side of a person’s
personality.
A. hiding B.
hid C.
hidden D.
hide
33 -How do you deal with the
disagreement between the company and the customers?
-key ______ the problem is to meet the demand
_______ by the customers.
A. to solving…making B.
to solving…made
C. to solve…making D.
to solve…made
34. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it
remains______ whether they
will enjoy it.
A. to see B.
to be seen C.
seeing D.
seen
35. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows______.
A. it what to do with B. what to
do it with C. what to do with it D.
to do what with it
36. The research is so designed that once______ nothing can be done to change
it.
A. begins B.
having begun C.
beginning D.
begun
37. The teacher asked us______ so much noise.
A. don’t make B.
not make C.
not making D.
not to make
38. ______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given B.
To give C.
Giving D.
Given
39. Walking past the park, I couldn’t help ______some children flying kites.
A. stop to watch B. stopping watch C. stopping to
watch D. to stop to watch
40. Generally speaking, ______ according to directions, the drug has no
side-effect.
A. when taking B. when
taken C.
when to take D.
when to be taken