2. 要有连贯性要素

(1) 并列连词代替从属连词的特点是让读者自己去补充所连接的两部分间的逻辑联系, 根据两部分的思想内容去推论, 从而达到思想表达生动、有力和鲜明的修辞效果。 

① We were leaving the farm, and every farm worker seemed sorry.

② It is true he is young, but / and yet  he is really good at go.

→It is true ... but... = It is true...and yet ...

=Indeed ... but  =Indeed... and yet (的确..., 然而...)

(2) 表因果关系的and  

① The teacher came, and class began.

② Tom is very tired, and really he should go to bed.

并列句的修辞作用在于它把两个或几个平行或对立的相关的思想联系在一起,构成一比较完整的思想,因而它比两个或几个孤立的简单句的思想内容要丰富得多, 逻辑关系要清楚得多。

(3) 两个以上的简单句合并成一个并列句

① Tom is ill. He cannot study. He still attends school.

→Tom is ill and cannot study, yet he still attends school.     

② He saw the boy in the street. He stopped to speak to him. He gave him a penny.

→Seeing the boy in the street, he stopped to speak to him and gave him a penny.

③ The hotel is made of brick, and the post-office is, too.

(4) 恰如其分地使用连词and容易收到流畅的效果。连词and可以交代连接的双方的相互关系, 如并列关系、先后关系、因果关系等。

① Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.

→and连接的双方为met和went, 既交代了两个动作的先后顺序, 又避免了不必要的赘述。   

② How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well.

→and连接的双方为crops和vegetables两个名词。

③After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing,telling jokes or stories.

→and连接的双方为singing和dancing两个动名词。

1. 应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性。

(1) I [was walking] along Park Road towards the east [when] an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. 

表达法:make a right turn 朝右转弯

(2) The car didn't stop but [drove off] at great speed [heading west].

表达法:drive off heading west 高速向西开去

(3) On the other side,[where the playground used to be] now [stands another new building - our library].

(4) After a short rest, we [had great fun singing] and dancing,telling jokes or stories.  

句式:have fun (in) doing sth

(5) The time passed quickly. [Before] we knew it, we had to say goodbye to the workers.

→使用before译成:“还未来得及……, 就”。

(6) My brother was riding [with] me sitting on the seat [behind].

→该句使用with结构, 其结构为[with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语]。

该结构的情景描述功能十分突出。此外, behind一词用作seat定语的用法也十分轻巧。

(7) There is [sure] to be a lot of fun.

→ 在There is句式中加入be sure to等表达是十分有用的写作技巧, 又如:

There happened to be... 

There seems to be ...

(8)

① Mother is happy with all the children at home.

② The boy slept well with the windows open. 

③ With his homework done, he felt quite relaxed.

他的作业已经完成, 他感觉很轻松。

   with +  someone + 宾语补足语 (形容词)
         something       (副词) 
                 (介词短语)
                 (不定式)
                 (现在分词)
                 (过去分词)
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