2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句
(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时;表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should)
+ have + 过去分词”。如:
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如:
She suggested we (should)leave here at
once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”。如:
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is
wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100
dollars.
(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如:
It is necessary(important, natural, strange,
etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder,
etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired(suggested, decided,
ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this
afternoon.
注意:这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感,就可用虚拟语气。反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感,that从句也可用陈述句语气。如:
It is pity that you can’t swim.