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Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, according to a study at Brunel University.
?? The research, which followed 200 students for four years, found that women consistently outperformed men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical A-level grades.
?? An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that trend continued at university.
?? Fiona Smith, who led the research, said, “The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general.”
?? “It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”
?? The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors.
?? Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered.
?? In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “laziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.
?? Generally, people think that women’s success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework.
?? Dr Smith said, “Most women feel that getting good grades is the most important part of university life. They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated (男性主导的) environment they will encounter at work. Good grades are viewed as an ‘insurance policy’ for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work.”
?? “This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.
1.The research at Brunel University showed that women ________.
A. did worse than men both at school and at university
B. got better grades than men
C. paid little attention to their courses
D. often missed classes
2.Which of the following about men is TRUE according to the passage?
A. They work as hard as women.
B. They spend as much time on courses as women.
C. They play a lot more than women.
D. They consider good grades to be an “insurance policy” for success.
3.We can infer from the results of the research that ________.
A. women do better both at school and at university
B. female students are more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors
C. compared with men, women are in an unfavorable condition in the male-dominated world
D. it’s easier for women to get rises in pay and promotion
4.The main purpose of the research is to _________.
A. give the government some advice on higher education
B. show us some information about higher education
C. show the sex difference in higher education
D. make all students work hard and realize the importance of higher education
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One of the political issues that is heard a lot about in the States lately is campaign（竞选）finance reform（改革）. The people who are 36 for reform usually want the 37 to pay for campaigns and/or limit the amount of money that candidates（候选人）and their 38 can spend.
One reason that reform is called for is that it costs so much to 39 for political office. Candidates have to spend a great deal of time and effort 40 money. The incumbents (those already in office) have less time to do chief jobs since they must 41 so many money raising events.
Another 42 is the fear that candidates will be owned or 43 by the “special interest groups” that give money to their campaigns. Sometimes this certainly seems to be the 44 .
On the 45 side are those who say that it doesn’t mean it’s really 46 just because you call something “reform”. They argue that the right to freedom of speech is 47 if the government can limit anyone’s ability to get his or her message out to the people.
If one person or a group of people want to tell the 48 what they think about an issue or candidate, they have to buy 49 on TV, radio, and in newspapers and magazines. They might want to put up advertisements along highways and on websites. All this costs a lot of 50 .
Those against laws that control or limit spending say that you don’t really have freedom of 51 or freedom of the press if you can’t get your message out. They say the government should never be able to control 52 discussions. They believe that this is most important when the voters are about to make 53 .
What do you think about this 54 ? Listen to what the candidates for national office have to say. Which candidates 55 the most sense to you?
36．A．waiting B．calling C．standing D．preparing
37．A．government B．president C．candidates D．citizens
38．A．leaders B．bosses C．supporters D．states
39．A．pay B．compete C．wait D．work
40．A．raising B．earning C．giving D．getting
41．A．notice B．report C．guard D．attend
42．A．event B．cost C．reason D．office
43．A．encouraged B．forced C．controlled D．ordered
44．A．joke B．purpose C．case D．example
45．A．other B．same C．another D．different
46．A．worse B．better C．easier D．harder
47．A．meaningless B．unimportant C．unnecessary D．impossible
48．A．reporters B．truth C．story D．public
49．A．time B．copies C．rights D．advertising
50．A．energy B．effort C．time D．money
51．A．argument B．opinion C．speech D．election
52．A．common B．political C．general D．special
53．A．profit B．trouble C．plans D．decisions
54．A．quarrel B．problem C．issue D．affair
55．A．find B．make C．create D．produce
查看习题详情和答案>>One of the political issues that is heard a lot about in the States lately is campaign（竞选）finance reform（改革）. The people who are 36 for reform usually want the 37 to pay for campaigns and/or limit the amount of money that candidates（候选人）and their 38 can spend.
One reason that reform is called for is that it costs so much to 39 for political office. Candidates have to spend a great deal of time and effort 40 money. The incumbents (those already in office) have less time to do chief jobs since they must 41 so many money raising events.
Another 42 is the fear that candidates will be owned or 43 by the “special interest groups” that give money to their campaigns. Sometimes this certainly seems to be the 44 .
On the 45 side are those who say that it doesn’t mean it’s really 46 just because you call something “reform”. They argue that the right to freedom of speech is 47 if the government can limit anyone’s ability to get his or her message out to the people.
If one person or a group of people want to tell the 48 what they think about an issue or candidate, they have to buy 49 on TV, radio, and in newspapers and magazines. They might want to put up advertisements along highways and on websites. All this costs a lot of 50 .
Those against laws that control or limit spending say that you don’t really have freedom of 51 or freedom of the press if you can’t get your message out. They say the government should never be able to control 52 discussions. They believe that this is most important when the voters are about to make 53 .
What do you think about this 54 ? Listen to what the candidates for national office have to say. Which candidates 55 the most sense to you?
36．A．waiting B．calling C．standing D．preparing
37．A．government B．president C．candidates D．citizens
38．A．leaders B．bosses C．supporters D．states
39．A．pay B．compete C．wait D．work
40．A．raising B．earning C．giving D．getting
41．A．notice B．report C．guard D．attend
42．A．event B．cost C．reason D．office
43．A．encouraged B．forced C．controlled D．ordered
44．A．joke B．purpose C．case D．example
45．A．other B．same C．another D．different
46．A．worse B．better C．easier D．harder
47．A．meaningless B．unimportant C．unnecessary D．impossible
48．A．reporters B．truth C．story D．public
49．A．time B．copies C．rights D．advertising
50．A．energy B．effort C．time D．money
51．A．argument B．opinion C．speech D．election
52．A．common B．political C．general D．special
53．A．profit B．trouble C．plans D．decisions
54．A．quarrel B．problem C．issue D．affair
55．A．find B．make C．create D．produce
查看习题详情和答案>>One of the political issues that is heard a lot about in the States lately is campaign finance reform. The people who are 1 for reform usually want the 2 to pay for campaigns and/or limit the amount of money that candidates（候选人）and their 3 can spend.
One reason that reform is called for is that it costs so much to 4 for political office. Candidates have to spend a great deal of time and effort 5 money. The incumbents (those already in office) have less time to do chief jobs since they must 6 so many money raising events.
Another 7 is the fear that candidates will be owned or 8 by the “special interest groups” that give money to their campaigns. Sometimes this certainly seems to be the 9 .
On the 10 side are those who say that it doesn’t mean it’s really 11 just because you call something “reform”. They argue that the right to freedom of speech is 12 if the government can limit anyone’s ability to get his or her message out to the people.
If one person or a group of people want to tell the 13 what they think about an issue or candidate, they have to buy 14 on TV, radio, and in newspapers and magazines. They might want to put up advertisements along highways and on websites. All this costs a lot of 15 .
Those against laws that control or limit spending say that you don’t really have freedom of 16 or freedom of the press if you can’t get your message out. They say the government should never be able to control 17 discussions. They believe that this is most important when the voters are about to make 18 .
What do you think about this 19 ? Listen to what the candidates for national office have to say. Which candidates 20 the most sense to you?
1．A．waiting B．calling C．standing D．preparing
2．A．government B．president C．candidates D．citizens
3．A．leaders B．bosses C．supporters D．states
4．A．pay B．compete C．wait D．work
5．A．raising B．earning C．giving D．getting
6．A．notice B．report C．guard D．attend
7．A．event B．cost C．reason D．office
8．A．encouraged B．forced C．controlled D．ordered
9．A．joke B．purpose C．case D．example
10．A．other B．same C．another D．different
11．A．worse B．better C．easier D．harder
12．A．meaningless B．unimportant C．unnecessary D．impossible
13．A．reporters B．truth C．story D．public
14．A．time B．copies C．rights D．advertising
15．A．energy B．effort C．time D．money
16．A．argument B．opinion C．speech D．election
17．A．common B．political C．general D．special
18．A．profit B．trouble C．plans D．decisions
19．A．quarrel B．problem C．issue D．affair
20．A．find B．make C．create D．produce
查看习题详情和答案>>