A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the world’s poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.

   Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.

    But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.” It uses two round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.

    Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation(蒸发) process. Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving.

    The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.

    People throughout Nigeria began using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.

    In two thousand, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.

1.Which is the best title of the passage?

A.  A Few Degrees can Make a Big Difference for Storage

B.  A Cool Way to Keep Food from Spoiling

C.  Spoiled Food Creates Health Risks and Economic Losses

D.  The Evaporation Process Creates a Drop in Temperature

2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

A. the structure of the invention

B. the usage of the invention

C. the cost of the invention

D. the inspiration of the invention

3.What is it that essentially keeps the food in the container from spoiling?

A. the wet cloth covering the cooling system.

B. the moving drier air outside the container

C. the wet sand between the containers

D. a drop in temperature by evaporation

4.According to the passage, where can we possibly see the invention?

A. rich and advanced families

B. scientific experiment laboratory

C. poor and underdeveloped area

D. supermarket needing to store goods

5.We can know from the passage that Mohammed Bah Abba ____________.

A. invented the controversial cooling system

B. financed the systems in all communities

C. received financial assistance for his invention

D. invented more complicated cooling system later

Based on cultural traditions and the changing face of contemporary British communities, the Festival of Muslim Cultures joins young people from Muslim and non-Muslim backgrounds together through the creation of innovative(创新的), high quality cultural activities.
We have been working with arts and educational institutions across the UK to promote the mainstreaming of Muslim cultures within UK everyday life. The Festival was created out of the need to encourage a better understanding between Muslims and non-Muslims, to promote respect for Muslim cultures and to show how culture creates the pathways that connect us all together.
The program launched with a visit by the Festival’s patron(赞助人), the Prince of Wales, to the exhibition “Palace and Mosque” in Sheffield and since then there have been more than 100 events that have ranged from a Somali community day in Cardiff at the National Museum of Wales to a late-night Dance with Radio Tarifa (from Spain) and Dimi Mint Abba (form Mauritania) in the Royal Albert Hall and from a home-grown play in Nottingham about the Kashmir earthquake to the exhibition“Beyond the Palace Walls” at the Royal Museum Edinburgh of Islamic art from the Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg.
We are now working on a number of long-term projects which stay true to our commitment to promoting Muslim cultures through arts collaborations(协作) and build on the extensive network of local, national and international partners that Festival has created. These include a three-year national program that connects young Muslims to their local cultural institutions; a UK Muslim cookbook; an exhibition of the Ottoman architect Sinan; and a project for schools around the 1000-year old story “The Animals’ Lawsuit against Humanity”.
For more information about the Festival, please click on another page: Who’s Who.
【小题1】The best title of this passage would be _______.

Based on cultural traditions and the changing face of contemporary British communities, the Festival of Muslim Cultures joins young people from Muslim and non-Muslim backgrounds together through the creation of innovative(创新的), high quality cultural activities.

We have been working with arts and educational institutions across the UK to promote the mainstreaming of Muslim cultures within UK everyday life. The Festival was created out of the need to encourage a better understanding between Muslims and non-Muslims, to promote respect for Muslim cultures and to show how culture creates the pathways that connect us all together.

The program launched with a visit by the Festival’s patron(赞助人), the Prince of Wales, to the exhibition “Palace and Mosque” in Sheffield and since then there have been more than 100 events that have ranged from a Somali community day in Cardiff at the National Museum of Wales to a late-night Dance with Radio Tarifa (from Spain) and Dimi Mint Abba (form Mauritania) in the Royal Albert Hall and from a home-grown play in Nottingham about the Kashmir earthquake to the exhibition“Beyond the Palace Walls” at the Royal Museum Edinburgh of Islamic art from the Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg.

We are now working on a number of long-term projects which stay true to our commitment to promoting Muslim cultures through arts collaborations(协作) and build on the extensive network of local, national and international partners that Festival has created. These include a three-year national program that connects young Muslims to their local cultural institutions; a UK Muslim cookbook; an exhibition of the Ottoman architect Sinan; and a project for schools around the 1000-year old story “The Animals’ Lawsuit against Humanity”.

For more information about the Festival, please click on another page: Who’s Who.

1.The best title of this passage would be _______.

2.Which is NOT the purpose of holding the Festival of Muslim Cultures?

3.This passage was probably taken from _________.

阅读理解

　　In many developing countries, it is difficult to keep food cool. Most areas do not have electricity to operate the devices called refrigerators to keep food coot. Within days, food often spoils or becomes unsafe to eat. This can cause disease and loss of money for farmers. However, in Nigeria, one man is working to change this.

　　Mohammed Bah Abba, a teacher, invented a cooling device using two round containers made of clay. Mr. Abba's invention is called a Pot-in-Pot Preservation Cooling System. A small pot is placed inside a larger one. The apace between the two pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system. The device keeps some foods fresh for several weeks.

　　Food stored in the small pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process (过程) . Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot where drier outside air is moving. The evaporation process causes a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner container and helps destroy harmful bacteria found in food.

　　Mr. Abby started producing his cooling device in 1997. Since then, he has given mom than 20,000 devices to people in villages in Nigeria. He expects that within five years, people all over the country will be using his invention. Mr. Abba also hopes to export his Pot-in-Pot cooling system to other hot, dry nations facing similar problems.

　　The Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland has also recognized the value of this cooling system. Two years ago, Mr. Abba received the Rolex Award(奖赏) for Enterprise. This award is given every two years. It awards people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop their projects.

1．We can conclude from the passage that Mr. Abba ________.

[　　]

A．altogether invented 20,000 devices

B．didn't spend much money on his invention

C．has exported his invention to many hot, dry countries

D．has helped many Nigerian villagers in many different ways

2．According to the passage, the device invented by Mr. Abba ________.

[　　]

A．is being used by many African villagers to keep food from going bad

B．is popular with those who cannot afford to buy cool food

C．is a device called a refrigerator to keep food cool

D．is a cooling system which received an award immediately after it was invented

3．The word “ evaporate” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ________.

[　　]

4．Which of the following is inferred from the passage?

[　　]

A．The cooling system invented by Mr. Abba is selling well in the world market.

B．Sooner or later Mr. Abba will be able to export his invention to some other countries.

C．Now that Mr. Abba has received the award, the whole country of Nigeria will be using the cooling system soon.

D．Every two years, Mr. Abba will receive money from the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland.