(10·四川B篇)

Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.

Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.

ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.

Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing.. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards.

Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.

45. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?

A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.

B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.

C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.

D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.

46. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?

A. Lower running costs.

B. Costing less in construction.　

C. Less air to be lost in hot days.

D. Better prices for homeless people.

47. It can be learned from the text that,　　　　　

A. New York City is seriously polluted

B. people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York City

C. a great number of people in New York City don't have houses to live in

D. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City

48. What is the main purpose of this text?

A. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.

B. To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.

C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.

D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.

D
　　Beyond two or three days，the world’s best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
　　The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather—to a global forecaster，small can mean thunder—storms and blizzards（暴风雪）—any prediction becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties increase，from dust devils and storms up to continent-size eddies（旋涡）that only satellites can see.
　　The modern weather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart，and even so，some starting data have to be guessed，since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart，rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature，pressure，humidity（温度）, and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02，then 12.03…the computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations（波动）that the computer will not know about. By 12.01，those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale，and so on up to the size of the globe.
63．A weather forecast ____________ in the world.
A．is reliable within one or two days
B．is doubtful beyond 24 hours
C．becomes useless beyond two or three days
D．is still worthwhile in seven days
64．Usually there is a weather sub-station____________.
A．in every city 　　　　　　　　　　B．every 60 miles
C．between two cities 　　　　　　　 D．every one foot
65．Which of the following statements is true？
A．People have not placed sensors one foot apart in the atmosphere.
B．Scientists have already put sensors one foot apart in the world.
C．Every sensor gives perfectly accurate data a weatherman wants.
D．Ground weather stations and satellites can see every place on earth.
66．Our computer will not be able to know about fluctuations because ____________.
A．the sensors are not good enough
B．they are hidden by the spaces between the sensors
C．they are too far away
D．they move very fast

　　Do you know insurance? Buying insurance is a 1 by which people can protect themselves 2 large losses. Protection against fire is one kind of insurance. Large numbers of people pay 3 sums of money to an insurance company. Although thousands of people have paid for fire insurance, only 4 will lose their homes by fire. The insurance company will pay for these homes out of the sums of money it has 5 .

　　The first modern fire insurance company was 6 in London, England, in 1666. A great fire had just 7 most of the city, and people wanted protection against 8 losses. The first company 9 rapidly. Soon other companies were founded in other areas.

　　Bemjamin Franklin helped form the first fire insurance company in America in 1752. He also 10 a new kind of insurance for 11 . The new insurance would offer protection against the loss of crops 12 storms.

　　In 1795, Benjamin Franklin helped start 13 new insurance company in America. This company, 14 offered life insurance, collected some money 15 from many different men. 16 a man died, his family was given a large sum of money. Today, this company is 17 in business.

　　Over the years, people have 18 from many new kinds of insurance when they have suffered from 19 accidents as car and plane crashes. 20 , almost everyone has some kind of insurance.

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With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.

　　A. anything but B. more or less  C. at large  D. any more

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C，D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Summer is the best time on the Island of the Blue Dolphins (海豚). The sun is warm then and the winds blow out of the west,   16   out of the south.

    It was   17   these days that the ship might return and now I   18  most of my time on the rock,   19   out from the headland（水中凸起的陆地） into the east, towards the country   20   my people had gone, across the   21   that was never-ending.

    Once   22   I watched, I saw a small object which I took to be the ship, but a stream of water   23   from it and I knew that it was whale (鲸鱼)spouting (喷水). During those summer days I saw nothing   24  .

    The first storm of winter   25   my hopes. If the white men's ship were   26      for me it would have come during the time of good   27  . Now I would have to wait   28   winter was gone, maybe longer.

The thought of being   29   on the island while so many suns rose   30   the sea and went   31  back into the sea   32   my heart with loneliness. I had not felt so   33  before because I was sure   34   the ship would return as Matasaip had said   35   would. Now my hopes were dead.

A. totally           B. already          C. entirely      D. sometimes

A. during           B. for              C. after         D. between

A. spent            B. shared           C. paid          D. devoted

A. look             B. to look           C. looking       D. looked

A. when            B. where            C. which         D. until

A. island            B. sea              C. lake          D. ocean

A. since             B. though           C. while         D. till

A. rose              B. raised           C. grew          D. set

A. different          B. ordinary          C. else           D. valuable

A. encouraged        B. ended            C. spared        D. limited

A. leading           B. moving           C. coming        D. following

A. weather           B. pattern           C. rain           D. fog

A. after              B. as               C. until          D. while

A. quiet              B. alone             C. calm          D. alive

A. of                B. in               C. to            D. from

A. rapidly            B. quickly           C. slowly         D. fully

A. pumped          B. set               C. filled          D. full

A. lonely            B. strict             C. boring         D. empty

A. whether           B. and              C. that           D. when

A. it                B. he               C. that            D. this