With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is rapidly transformed. A. anything but B. more or less C. at large D. any more 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.

　　A. anything but B. more or less C. at large D. any more

解析:

more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大体上；逍遥法外；详细地。

　　本题译文：随着经济基础的改变，整个庞大的上层建筑也或多或少地发生变革。

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Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important in formation that should be included, he can give you a false picture.

For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for on e hundred dollars!”

This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only on e was a winner. He’s really a big loser!

He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” that’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”

Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.

This kind of deception happens too of often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

How much did the lottery winner lose?

A. One hundred dollars. B. Two hundred dollars.

C. Three hundred dollars. D. Four hundred dollars.

We may infer that the author believes people should _______.

A. buy lottery tickets B. make use of half-truths

C. not take anything at face value D. not trust the Yucky Company

What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. final increase B. big advantage

C. large share D. total saving

What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?

A. False statements are easy to see through.

B. Half-truths are often used to mislead people.

C. Doctors like to act in advertisements.

D. Advertisements are based on facts.

Our sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we realized them.

One area in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time producers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods.

When pleasant smells are passed through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend to spend more time in the store and buy more. For example, the smell of chocolate is used in sweet stores, while the smell of leather and perfume are used in clothes stores.

In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms—one filled with purified air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. Eighty-four percent of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would have paid up to US $ 10 more for a pair.

Smells also have other uses. Research has shown that certain smells can help to calm anxious people and increase their feeling of safety. Smells such as that of flowers and pine forests might therefore be used to relax patients in doctors’ and dentists’ waiting rooms, and to make the environment more pleasant and less stressful to them.

Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different efferent effects on their workers according to the time of day.

For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense, the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose attention, the smell of mint would increase their watchfulness.

While some of these uses of smells may e helpful and effective, not everyone would agree with their use to control customers in stores. It has been suggested by consumers’ organizations that one way to avoid this new subconscious（无意识）pressure to buy is to go shopping when people are less likely to be influenced by smells.

We can conclude from the text that

smells are widely used in different shops B. different smells can keep people feel happy

C. smells are effective if used in suitable cases D. hospitals take advantages of the sense of smell

What kind of smell is effective when the students are having a lesson according to the text? Butter. B. Leather C. Wood D. Mint

The 4th paragraph proves that

pleasant smells attract people’s attention to stores

B. people prefer the shoes with the smell of different flowers

C. right smells increase people’s view of the value of a product

D. people want to pay more money because of good smells

What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A. patients B. doctors C. smells D. waiting rooms

Swedish master medical photographer Lennart Nilsson is a pioneer in medical photography．In association with researchers and with the help of advanced, specially designed equipment, he has documented the inside of man down to the level of a cell with his camera.

Born in Str??ngn??s, a satellite city of Stockholm, in 1922, Nilsson got his first camera from his father when he was 11 years old．From the early stage, he has been interested in looking at ants and taking photos of them.Throughout the years, he has devoted special attention to capturing the creation of a human being, from conception to birth.

In 2006 when his photo book Life was published in both Swedish and English, he was invited to give a lecture at the Stockholm bookstore．He vividly described to the public how he took the photos so that the development process of the embryo can be understood better．Finally when he was signing his name in the book, I asked him what made him so passionate about working on this, he stopped writing and thought for a second, “I think it is the respect for life,” Nilsson said.

Nilsson began his career as a photographic journalist in the middle of the 1940s and published a number of photo-essays in Swedish and foreign magazines, including "Polar Bear Hunting in Spitzbergen" (1947) and Midwife.

“When I went to the professor to take the embryo photo, I was looking around and then I saw something which was unbelievable, it was a tiny human embryo lies in a very special place, a 10-20 millimeter embryo with hands, arms and eyes, and I got a shock,” Nilsson said.

Nilsson began experimenting with new photographic techniques in the mid-1950s to report on the world of ants and life in the sea．His revealing macro-studies were published in his book on ants, Myror (1959), and in the Life in the Sea (1959), and in Close to Nature (1984)．In the 1960s special designed, very slim endoscopes (内窥镜))made it possible for him to photograph the blood vessels and the cavities (空洞) of the body with the necessary depth of field and, in 1970, he used a scanning electron microscope for the first time, he was also considered the pioneer for three dimension digital pictures of the body organs.

After his photographs of human embryo were published, he was encouraged to continue photographing the origins of human being.

Nilsson is very modest and sincere．At age of nearly 88, he is still cooperating with colleagues in Karolinska Institute where the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is selected every year.

“He can forget all the other things when he is working and he is still working diligently,” Mrs Nilsson told People’s Daily Online.

Why does Nilsson want to document the creation of a human being?

A．Because he is a pioneer in medical photography.

B．Because he has been interested in taking photos.

C．Because he thinks it a way to show respect for life.

D．Because he wished to win a Nobel Prize.

What can we learn from the passage?

A．Nilsson was the only expert in medical photography.

B．Nilsson’s camera is specially designed.

C．Nilsson’s photo book Life is better received than his other books.

D．Nilsson has always been working alone．

How many books written by Nilsson are mentioned in this passage?

A．3． B．4. C．5. D．6.

Which of the following word can Not be used to describe Nilsson?

A．Passionate. B．Devoted. C．Forgetful. D．Dillgent.

What can be the title for the passage?

A．Nilsson, a pioneer medical photographer.

B．Nilsson, a pioneer medical publisher

C．Nilsson, a person of rich experience

D．Nilsson, a talented photographer

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