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完形填空
One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins （来源） . Each language is 1 of several earlier languages, and the words of a language can sometimes be traced （追溯） back through two or three different languages to their 2 . Again , a word from one language may 3 into other languages and 4 a new meaning. The word “etiquette” , which is of Freuch origin and originally meant a label , 5 a sign , passed into Spanish and 6 its original meaning. So in Spanish the word “etiquette” today is used to 7 the small paper which a store 8 to a suit, a dress or a bottle. The word “etiquette” in French, 9 , gradually developed a different meaning. It 10 became the custom to write directions on small cards, or “etiquette” , as to how visitors should dress themselves and 11 during an imporiant ceremony. 12 the word “etiquette” began to mean a system of correct manners for people to follow. 13 this meaning, the word passed into English.
Consider the word “breakfast”. To fast is to go for some period of time without 14 . Thus in the morning, after many hours 15 the night without food, one 16 his fast.
Consider the everyday English 17 “Goodbye” . Many , many years ago people would say to each 18 on parting:“God be with you. ” As this was 19 over and over millions of times , it gradually became 20 to “Goodbye” .
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A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply—all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special" was men—4 individuals who could invent machines, find new 5 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.
The men who 6 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 7 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 8 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 9 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 10 .He is not necessarily working 11 that his findings can be used.
An inventor or one interested in applied science is 12 trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may try to solve a problem by 13 the theories 14 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 15 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 16 other objectives.
Most of the people who 17 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 18 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 19 a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 20 .
1.A.cases B .reasons C .factors D .situations
2.A.But B .And C .Besides D .Even
3.A.else B .near C .extra D .similar
4.A.generating B .effective C .motivating D .creative
5.A.origins B .sources C .bases D .discoveries
6.A.employed B .created C .operated D .controlled
7.A.came B .arrived C .stemmed D .appeared
8.A.less B .better C. more D .worse
9.A.genuine B .practical C .pure D .clever
10.A.happily B .occasionally C. reluctantly D .accurately
11.A.now B .and C .all D .so
12.A.seldom B .sometimes C .all D .never
13.A.planning B .using C .idea D .means
14.A.of B .with C .to D .as
15.A.single B .sole C. specialized D .specific
16.A.few B .those C .many D .all
17.A.proposed B .developed C .supplied D .offered
18.A.little B .much C .some D .any
19.A.as B .if C .because D .while
20.A.ago B .past C .ahead D .before
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Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. Poland has its folks. Hungary has its czardas. Argentina is famous for the tango. The U.S. is known for jazz, the type of music that has gained worldwide popularity.
Jazz is American contribution to popular music. While classical music follows formal European tradition(传统)，jazz is rather a free form. It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and emotions (感情) of the people. It is breaking and exciting with a modern sound. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America. And so it does today.
The origins (起源)of the music are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was invented by American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, who were brought to the Southern states as slaves. They were sold to farm owners and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. This work was hard and life was short. When a Negro died his friends and relatives would gather and carry the body to have a ceremony before they buried him.
There was always a band おwith them. On the way to the ceremony the band played slow, solemn music suitable for the situation. But on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everyone was happy. Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, this music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
Music has always been important in Negro life. The blacks, who were brought to America from West Africa, had a rich musical tradition. In the fields, they made up work songs. Singing made the hard work go faster. And when they got to Christianity, they made lovely spirituals, which have become an everlasting part of American music.
1．From the passage, we can see that jazz .
A. is a kind of African music
B. started from Africa but is popular in America
C. was started by blacks working in Africa
D. was started by blacks in America
2．Jazz is a kind of music .
A. almost the same as classical music
B. quite different from classical music
C. popular only in America
D. quite different from Africa music.
3．Generally speaking, Jazz is mostly a kind of .
A. American music
B. African music
C. classical music
D. popular music played at funerals
4．Usually we may feel moods when we listen to jazz music.
A. sad and sorry
B. tiring and hard working
C. exciting and happy
D. lonely and sad
5．Jazz will always be connected with .
A. American blacks
B. slavery in the United States
C. modern times
D. quick development of music
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1. A. If B. Because C. Although D. Before
2. A. suggestion B. context C. abstract D. information
3. A. poor B. ideal C. average D. disappointed
4. A. such B. one C. any D. some
5. A. fun B. work C. learning D. prize
6. A. by B. in C. for D. with
7. A. unhappy B. responsible C. satisfied D. dismissed
8. A. collected B. distributed C. assigned D. finished
9. A. the most B. the least C. possible D. practical
10. A. student's B. assistant's C. professor's D. librarian's
11. A. when B. what C. why D. how
12. A. wish B. hope for C. want D. expect
13. A. selections B. collections C. sources D. origins
14. A. hate B. dislike C. like D. prefer
15. A. too B. such C. much D. more
16. A. but B. except C. with D. besides
17. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Nevertheless
18. A. full B. limited C. irregular D. enough
19. A. interrupt B. annoy C. approach D. disturb
20. A. or B. to C. and D. but
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