What is the connection between violence and sports? Psychologists（心理学家） say that there are many reasons for violence at sports events. One is alcohol（酒精）. Many fans drink a lot at games. When people drink, they are more likely to do abnormal things. Psychologist Dennis Brock says, “Quiet people become loud. Normally nonviolent people become destructive.”

David Sampson, a sports sociologist, agrees, “These are often celebratory riots(暴乱)— a large number of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol. They don’t often seem dangerous in the beginning, but things get violent quickly.”

Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd itself. When individuals are in a large group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility. Edward Hirt, a social Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never do alone. People in crowds feel that no one knows who they are. Crowds also make people feel powerful. They stop making personal decisions. They just follow the crowd. Social psychologists call this a “mob mentality.”

Dave Zarifis, head of public safety at Northern Iowa University says, “Some people don’t even come to celebrate. They want to drink hard and make trouble. Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there. You get a mob mentality. People think it’s OK to do almost anything. They think, ‘There are so many of us and not enough of them.’ ”

Social psychologist Dr. Sharon Kennedy says that there are a few things officials can do to prevent violence. Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important. Officials should also think of games as “big parties.” Then they will prepare differently. Kennedy says that in Great Britain they are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums. “When you know someone is watching, you are much less likely to behave badly.”

1.Which of the following best gives the main idea of the first two paragraphs? 

A．There’s a connection between violence and sports

B．There are many reasons for violence at sports events.

C．One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol.

D．David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion.

2.Which of the following does NOT belong to a “mob mentality”?

A．“ No one knows I’m doing this.”

B．“ It’s safe to do what many people are doing.”

C．“There are so many of us and not enough of them.”

D．“I must drink some alcohol to stop myself feeling shy.”

3.How many experts are quoted by the writer of this passage?

A．Five.             B．Four.             C．Three.            D．Two.

4.The last paragraph is mainly about ______.

A．how to turn games into big parties

B．how to prevent violence at sports events

C．why to fix cameras in stadiums

D．how to avoid oneself behaving badly

5.What lesson can we learn from this passage?

A．Never drink any alcohol no matter where you are.

B．Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet.

C．Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something.

D．Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there.

D
A curriculum vitae (CV) provides an overview of a person's life and qualifications. You know that you're a star but without a knock-out CV, no-one else will believe you. Here's how to impress and write yourself into a better job.
First, be concise (简洁的). "It's not War and Peace." says Steven Kirkpatrick, the managing director of Adecco Staffing. Recruiters (考官) who have to plough through hundreds of CVs don't enjoy flowery long articles. Use active verbs and ensure that every sentence counts.
Second, tell the truth. "The most important thing is not to lie," Kirkpatrick says. "People decorate their CV by adding things to make themselves more attractive," he says, only to embarrass themselves later. "If your first impression is a lie, it's not a great basis for moving forward."
Then, focus on your skills. A CV is a selling tool and how you break down what you have learnt and what you can do is me most important. "It's OK to simplify job titles to make them clearer," Sharman says. "Just outline your achievements and experience to back that up, and say more about your recent roles."
Also, personalize it. "There's nothing as bad as getting an automatically created CV from a website," Kirkpatrick says. "What they are buying is you, so sell them you. It's always nice to have personal information that makes you a human being," Sharman says. But do try to stand out from the crowd.
Finished? So you've written the perfect CV. That's the job half done. Last but not least, check out how to write the perfect covering letter.
68. For what purpose does the author write this passage?
A. To teach readers how to behave in job interviews.                               
B. To tell readers how to improve their writing skills.                                           
C. To instruct readers on how to apply for a job.                                                
D. To advise readers on how to write a CV.
69. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. It doesn't have to be too long.              B. It should be true.                   
C. It needs to be fun to read.                 D. It ought to be polite.
70. Which of the following would the author recommend?
A. Tell lies about your education and experience.                                  
B. Focus on what work you are able to do.                                            
C. Download sample CVs from websites.                                                   
D. Provide a nice photo of yourself.
71. How many tips are given in this passage?
A. Five.      B. Four.       C. Three.       D. Two.

Everyone has good days and bad days.

Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork.

  For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem（自尊）is the key to success. Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable or more upset when you fail at something.

    “Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist（心理学家）at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”

Feeling good

Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about yourself.

Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.w(w w.ks&5 u.c*o m

But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.

He believes that violent and wicked（邪恶的）people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said: “There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”

Problems

All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos（自我）that can make them less likeable to their peers（同龄人）,said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.

People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, Vohs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.

What to do

Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail at something try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy（药方）is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, I’m not so good at that, and then move on.”

It is concluded in the research that high self-esteem_________.

A. is not important at all

B. has taken on a different meaning

C. may not be the key to success

D. does not help you do better at schoolw(w w.ks&5 u.c*o m

According to the research, people with high self-esteem_________.

A. have better relationship with people of their own age

B. are more likely to become violent and wicked

C. tend to be proud and do not care much about others

D. often feel depressed and can’t focus on their work

The advice in the last paragraph is mainly for people___________.

A. with high self-esteem                      B. with low self-esteem

C. who are still at school                      D. who are good at everything

You can’t hide a natural disaster from children, so how do we prepare them for it? First of all, you should explain to them that acts of nature aren’t necessarily disasters but can become one. These may include floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, winter storms, wild fires, and earthquakes. The way to prepare children for these disasters is to educate them about what each type is and then make it fun by making them “Disaster Masters” or whatever title you can think of.
Making them a Disaster Master won’t be easy. They must know what’s in a disaster emergency kit(工具箱) and why it’s included. You can get your friends involved, too. If your friends have children, they may want to be involved in your emergency preparations. Make it a group project. This is the opportunity for everyone to become familiar with the equipment.
We have to be aware of our conduct and the way we react to stress. The children will be easily influenced by your attitude and demeanor. The calmness, steady manner, and good humor of your spouse (配偶) and you will go a long way toward the easing or the reduction of stress.
Explain to them what they’re likely to encounter or see and describe how people may react. Disasters can come and go very quickly and generally don’t last long. If you must stay away from home, try to get into a routine quickly and encourage them to make new friends. Let them know they can look to their parents and other adults if they become scared or confused. And it’s important to let them know it’s OK to cry during a disaster.
It’s sometimes helpful to let the children draw pictures of what they’ve experienced. Encourage them to write what they learned and what could have been done better. Save the story. Make it part of a documented family history!
【小题1】This passage was written mainly to tell us about ______.

What is TOVIAZ?

TOVIAZ is a medicine used in adults to treat the symptoms of a condition called overactive bladder（膀胱）.

Who is TOVIAZ for?

Adults 18 years older with symptoms of overactive bladder.

Don’t take TOVIAZ if you:

★ Your stomach empties slowly.

★ Have eye problems.

★ Are allergic to any ingredients of TOVIAZ.

Possible side effects of TOVIAZ

★ Dry mouth.

★ Constipation

★ Dry eyes.

★ Trouble empting the bladder

These aren’t all possible side effects of TOVIAZ. For a complete list, ask your doctor.

How to take TOVIAZ:

★ Your doctor may give you the lower 4mg dose of TOVIAZ if you have severe kidney problem.

★ Take TOVIAZ with liquid and swallow the tablet whole. Do not chew, divide or crush the tablet.

★ You can take TOVIAZ with or without food.

★ If you miss a dose of TOVIAZ, start taking it again the next day.

Things you should keep in mind when taking TOVIAZ:

★ Decreased sweating and severe heat illness can occur when medicines such as TOVIAZ are used in hot environments.

★ Drinking alcohol while taking TOVIAZ may cause increased sleepiness.

1.

What is the main purpose of the passage?

2.

The main function of TOVIAZ is to treat__________.

3.

What can be inferred from the passage?

4.

Which of the statements about taking TOVIAZ is TRUE?