Why is a full moon, yellower and bigger when it is coming up than when it is higher in the sky?

That's a good question about something that we all can see. Let's talk about the moon's color first.
We see the moon only because of the sunlight that falls on it and is reflected. Actually, the moon is not a very good reflector, because its surface is all rocks and dirt. We see it in almost its true color when it is high in the sky.
When the moon first comes up, its light reaches our eyes after an extra-long path through the atmosphere (大气). There are lots of particles (微粒) scattering (分散) light in that long path. Blue light is scattered more than other colors, which means that it doesn't reach your eyes. The light that is left over looks yellow to your eye.
Now about the other question—why the moon seems to change in size. That's more complicated. It's not an effect of the atmosphere, the way color is; it's not caused by something fooling your eyes. It seems, instead, to be caused by something that fools your brain—an illusion(错觉).
Here's a drawing that creates an illusion. The two cones(圆锥体) are really the same size. But the rest of the drawing makes the right-hand cone seem farther away. Your brain knows that faraway objects are really larger than they look. It decides that the right-hand cone must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
Similarly, when you see the moon just come up over a line of trees or houses—or whatever makes the horizon(地平线)—it may be that your brain decides that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
【小题1】The moon doesn't reflect the sunlight very well because________________.

I keep a two dollar bill in my wallet that was given to me by my mother when I was six years old.

The  31  goes with me wherever I go. My mother gave it to me so that  32  would follow me. She looked at me and said, “I want you to carry this two dollar bill for extra good luck.”

“Thanks, mom,” I replied, “I will keep it  33  to me always.”

My mother passed away when I was seven years old. I remember I took out my two dollar bill and held it in my hand for the longest time, knowing that she would  34  me the rest of my life.

Each time I felt I had a crisis, I would  35  for my two dollar bill and set it on the table. I would  36  at it for several hours and could always  37  a solution. When I applied for my first job, I was thirty years old and very shy. The thought of being interviewed for a job was  38  but I had to work. I saw one of the interviewers well dressed with  39  purse and shoes. I also knew the chance of being chosen was  40  when looking at the length of others’ resumes.

“What makes you feel you are  41  for this job?” The well－dressed woman asked. “I really need this job and there is nothing I can not do” I responded. She then asked me a series of questions and the interview was over. As I left, I  42  and said “Please give me a chance. I learn quickly and can be a very  43  member of your team.”

I went home,  44 . That evening I received a phone call. “Gina” she said, “we decided to give you a chance to  45  yourself.” “Thank you, you will not regret this decision.” I  46  the phone and yelled. At that instant, I remember my mom once said to us “You are  47  in my mind. Don’t  48  failure. It is a way to get us to try harder.”

How  49  this gift from Mom! It had built up  50  in me.

1.                A．money         B．check          C．bill  D．paper

2.                A．luck           B．happiness       C．wealth   D．wisdom

3.                A．close          B．near           C．hard D．firm

4.                A．look out for     B．watch over      C．see to    D．come across

5.                A．get            B．stretch         C．hold D．reach

6.                A．stare           B．glance          C．observe  D．glare

7.                A．come up with    B．put forward      C．set up    D．pull through

8.                A．exciting        B．amazing         C．nervous  D．scary

9.                A．suitable        B．matching        C．fancy D．exaggerating（夸张的）

10.               A．slim           B．terrible         C．few  D．abundant

11.               A．born           B．qualified        C．stable D．grateful

12.               A．turned around   B．turned back     C．put up D．raise up

13.               A．productive      B．additional       C．concise（简洁）    D．effective

14.               A．terrified        B．exhausted      C．sound D．cautious

15.               A．test           B．challenge       C．prove D．strengthen

16.               A．hung up        B．got through     C．set aside   D．got off

17.               A．brilliant        B．awesome       C．careful    D．unbelievable

18.               A．stand          B．bend          C．fear  D．ruin

19.               A．rare           B．special         C．relative   D．primary

20.               A．confidence      B．perseverance    C．model D．intelligence

Why is a full moon, yellower and bigger when it is coming up than when it is higher in the sky?

That's a good question about something that we all can see. Let's talk about the moon's color first.
We see the moon only because of the sunlight that falls on it and is reflected. Actually, the moon is not a very good reflector, because its surface is all rocks and dirt. We see it in almost its true color when it is high in the sky.
When the moon first comes up, its light reaches our eyes after an extra-long path through the atmosphere (大气). There are lots of particles (微粒) scattering (分散) light in that long path. Blue light is scattered more than other colors, which means that it doesn't reach your eyes. The light that is left over looks yellow to your eye.
Now about the other question—why the moon seems to change in size. That's more complicated. It's not an effect of the atmosphere, the way color is; it's not caused by something fooling your eyes. It seems, instead, to be caused by something that fools your brain—an illusion(错觉).
Here's a drawing that creates an illusion. The two cones(圆锥体) are really the same size. But the rest of the drawing makes the right-hand cone seem farther away. Your brain knows that faraway objects are really larger than they look. It decides that the right-hand cone must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
Similarly, when you see the moon just come up over a line of trees or houses—or whatever makes the horizon(地平线)—it may be that your brain decides that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away

1. 1.

   The moon doesn't reflect the sunlight very well because________________

   1. A.
      it is high in the sky
   2. B.
      its surface is rough
   3. C.
      its surface is white
   4. D.
      it isn't a good reflector
2. 2.

   Which statement is true according to the passage?

   1. A.
      In the course of its rising, the moon is getting smaller and smaller
   2. B.
      The size of the moon is more complicated than its color
   3. C.
      The atmosphere has the same effect on the moon's size as on its color
   4. D.
      The change in the moon's size is caused by an illusion while that in its color is caused by the atmosphere
3. 3.

   After reading this passage, you can possibly answer one of the following questions. Which one? ______

   1. A.
      Why is the sun bigger when it rises over the horizon?
   2. B.
      Why does the sun look bigger when it rises over the horizon?
   3. C.
      Why does the sun look golden?
   4. D.
      Why does the sun rise in the east?
4. 4.

   Who do you think probably wrote this passage?________

   1. A.
      A novelist
   2. B.
      A reporter
   3. C.
      A science editor
   4. D.
      An English teacher．

阅读理解

　　Why is a full moon, yellower and bigger when it is coming up than when it is higher in the sky?

　　That's a good question about something that we all can see. Let's talk about the moon's color first.

　　We see the moon only because of the sunlight that falls on it and is reflected. Actually, the moon is not a very good reflector, because its surface is all rocks and dirt. We see it in almost its true color when it is high in the sky.

　　When the moon first comes up, its light reaches our eyes after an extra-long path through the atmosphere(大气). There are lots of particles(微粒)scattering(分散)light in that long path. Blue light is scattered more than other colors, which means that it doesn't reach your eyes. The light that is left over looks yellow to your eye.

　　Now about the other questionwhy the moon seems to change in size. That's more complicated. It's not an effect of the atmosphere, the way color is; it's not caused by something fooling your eyes. It seems, instead, to be caused by something that fools your brainan illusion(错觉).

　　Here's a drawing that creates an illusion. The two cones are really the same size. But the rest of the drawing makes the right-hand cone seem farther away. Your brain knows that faraway objects are really larger than they look. It decided that the right-hand cone must be larger because it seems to be farther away.

　　Similarly, when you see the moon just come up over a line of trees or house-or whatever makes the horizon(地平线) it may be that your brain decided that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away.

1．The moon doesn't reflect the sunlight very well because ________.

[　　]

2．Which statement is not true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The moon is farther away from us when it rises than it is high in the sky.

B．The moonlight is yellow when it comes up.

C．In the course of the moon's rising, the moonlight first looks blue and then yellow.

D．In the atmosphere, many small particles make the moonlight lose its blue color.

3．Which statement is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．In the course of its rising, the moon is getting smaller and smaller.

B．The size of the moon is more complicated than its color.

C．The atmosphere has the same effect on the moon's size as on its color.

D．The change in the moon's size is caused by an illusion while that in its color is caused by the atmosphere.

4．After reading this passage, you can possibly answer one of the following questions Which one? ________.

[　　]

A．Why does the sun look bigger when it rises over the horizon?

B．Why is the sun bigger when it rises over the horizon?

C．Why does the sun look golden?

When I was at university,  I studied very hard. But a lot of my friends did very little work. Some did just enough to pass exams. Others didn’t do quite enough. Fred Baines was one of them. He spent more time drinking in the Students’ Union than working in the library. Once, at the end of the term, we had to take an important test in chemistry. The test had a hundred questions. Beside each question we had to write “True” or “False”. While I was studying in my room the night before the test, Fred was watching television. Fred usually worried a lot the night before a test. But that night he looked perfectly calm. Then he told me of his plan. “It’s very simple. There are a hundred questions and I have to get fifty correct to pass the test. I’ll take a coin into the examination room. I haven’t studied a chemistry book for months, so I’ll just toss the coin. In that way, I’m sure I’ll get half the questions right.” The next day, Fred came cheerfully into the examination room. As he sat tossing a coin for half an hour he marked down his answers. Then he left half an hour before the rest of us. The next day, he saw the chemistry professor in the corridor.
“Oh good,” he said, “Have you got the results of the test?”
The professor looked at him and smiled.
“Ah, it’s you, Baines, just a minute.”
Then he reached into his pocket and took out a coin. He threw it into the air, caught it in his hand and looked at it.
“I’m terribly sorry, Baines,” he said, “You failed!”
【小题1】 Fred often went to the Students’ Union where he ________ .