题目内容
Why is a full moon, yellower and bigger when it is coming up than when it is higher in the sky?
That's a good question about something that we all can see. Let's talk about the moon's color first.
We see the moon only because of the sunlight that falls on it and is reflected. Actually, the moon is not a very good reflector, because its surface is all rocks and dirt. We see it in almost its true color when it is high in the sky.
When the moon first comes up, its light reaches our eyes after an extra-long path through the atmosphere (大气). There are lots of particles (微粒) scattering (分散) light in that long path. Blue light is scattered more than other colors, which means that it doesn't reach your eyes. The light that is left over looks yellow to your eye.
Now about the other question—why the moon seems to change in size. That's more complicated. It's not an effect of the atmosphere, the way color is; it's not caused by something fooling your eyes. It seems, instead, to be caused by something that fools your brain—an illusion(错觉).
Here's a drawing that creates an illusion. The two cones(圆锥体) are really the same size. But the rest of the drawing makes the right-hand cone seem farther away. Your brain knows that faraway objects are really larger than they look. It decides that the right-hand cone must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
Similarly, when you see the moon just come up over a line of trees or houses—or whatever makes the horizon(地平线)—it may be that your brain decides that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
【小题1】The moon doesn't reflect the sunlight very well because________________.
| A．it is high in the sky | B．its surface is rough |
| C．its surface is white | D．it isn't a good reflector |
| A．In the course of its rising, the moon is getting smaller and smaller |
| B．The size of the moon is more complicated than its color |
| C．The atmosphere has the same effect on the moon's size as on its color |
| D．The change in the moon's size is caused by an illusion while that in its color is caused by the atmosphere |
| A．Why is the sun bigger when it rises over the horizon? |
| B．Why does the sun look bigger when it rises over the horizon? |
| C．Why does the sun look golden? |
| D．Why does the sun rise in the east? |
| A．A novelist | B．A reporter |
| C．A science editor | D．An English teacher． |
【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
解析试题分析：文章介绍了月亮知识，包括颜色，大小，表面的状况等。
【小题1】细节题：从第三段的句子：because its surface is all rocks and dirt.可知月亮表面太粗糙，所以不能很好反射太阳光。选B
【小题2】细节题：第四段讲的四月亮的颜色改变是大气造成的，第五段讲月亮大小改变是人的错觉。选D
【小题3】从最后一段的句子：it may be that your brain decides that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away.可知是回答为什么月亮从地平线起来时看起来更大。选B。
【小题4】这是一篇介绍月亮知识的文章，属于科普类短文，作者也是。选C
考点：考查科普类短文
点评：文章比较抽象，但题目并不难，集中考查了细节题，题目设置较为合理，涵盖了全篇文章内容，在做题的时候，准确确定考点，准确判断就行。
期末1卷素质教育评估卷系列答案Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
| A. Leave others a deep impression B. Be a pleasant listener C. Pay attention to your wearing D. Get enough background information E. Make full self-preparation F. Apply appropriate postures |
Interviewing is a skill that can be learned and the key lies in the “three-Ps” of planning, practice and preparation. Here are some tips on making a successful interview.
| 1. |
Prepare as well as you possibly can, search the web and research the background of the company and the people who you think are going to be interviewing you. Learn exactly what it is they do and exactly how you would fit in with the company. Most importantly try to understand the “culture” of the company. You need to communicate in a way that mirrors their company standards; this will show you can fit in that organization. Understand a little of what their competitors are doing. This will show you’ve bothered to find out where their position in the market is.
| 2. |
Just as important is your own personal preparation. Think about the key things you want to communicate and why you would be ideal for the job. Think about you can sound enthusiastic, without sounding desperate; how you can sell yourself. If they ask you a question, such as “tell me about your CV”, and you can’t do it fluently, you will find the interviewers will lose interest and you won’t get the job.
| 3. |
During the interview, be a very good listener and if you can find some common ground with your interviewers, you will have a big advantage over your competitors. The interview is basically an interaction between two people, so how you come across as a person is of upmost importance. As soon as you enter the company building, make sure everyone you meet is left with the impression that you are a pleasant person. Sometimes an interview question might seem very simple but, don’t be deceived, there is always a reason for them asking that question.
| 4. |
Generally wear a suit and tie, but it does depend on the job you are going for. You should have discovered, when you studied the company culture, what is expected. For media companies, for example, being smart but casual might be the style they want. They are looking for someone who is comfortable with himself or herself. In this case you should dress for who you are.
| 5. |
It is natural if you are nervous, in fact it is a good sign; it shows you are taking the interview seriously. However try to avoid nervous mannerisms, such as tapping your foot or playing with your hair. Positive body language is important, so adopt a good posture. If you slouch in your chair the interviewer will think you could be sloppy in your work as well. Positivity is essential in all aspects of your interview.
补全短文
注意；E涂AB F涂AC G 涂 AD（10分）
Let children learn to judge their work．71 ．If corrected too much, he will stop talking．He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use．Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s．72 They learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes．
But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself．73 we act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to．Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not．
If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book．74 Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? 75 Let the children learn what all educated people must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, and how to know what they know or do not know．
| A．Children learn to do all the other things in the same way． |
| B．Let him correct his own papers |
| C．Point out his mistakes |
| D．We do it all for him |
F．A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time
G．Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer
Every childwants to have pocket money(零花钱). Why do their parents just give them some money? 【小题1】
The amount of money that parents give to their children differs from family to family. 【小题2】 Some children get weekly pocket money. Others get monthly pocket money.
First of all, children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving. Then parents should make the children understand what they expect their children to buy with the money. At first, some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time. 【小题3】
In order to encourage their children to do some housework, some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home. Some experts(专家) think it not wise to pay the children for doing that. 【小题4】
Pocket money can give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with the money. They can spend it by giving it to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. 【小题5】 Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice. Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children.
| A．Some children are not good at managing their pocket money. |
| B．As helping at home is a normal part of family life. |
| C．Learning how to get money is very important for every child. |
| D．By doing so, these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget（预算）. |
F .They can save it for future use.
G .One main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money.