【1】The failure has caused the lack of _________ in himself.

【2】The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to _________ the change.

【3】He _________ your help very much and what you have done means something to him.

【4】This program was set up with a/an _________ of providing help to homeless people.

【5】Years of fighting have left the area _________.

【6】He has too much work _________ to go picnicking with us.

【7】I’ll make _________ for you to be met at the airport.

【8】All of them have _________ in the letter that they will attend the meeting.

【9】The police said that the accident was _________ the driver’s careless driving.

【10】He found that the words he wrote often didn’t _________.

The holidays are a wonderful, cheerful time when most people wait for Santa to bring them presents. But I’m not like most people. I spend my time wondering just what the environmental impacts of Santa Claus and his reindeer are, and more importantly, how I can calculate those impacts.

Lately I’ve been particularly curious as to whether Santa’s old sled is a clean green flying machine, or if he should be replacing his 8 reindeer with an environmentally-friendly car.

I should mention that, surprisingly, I was unable to find statistics specific to Santa’s magical flying reindeer, so these calculations use numbers from various sources and may not represent actual pollution caused by Santa and his animals. In other words, don’t complain to the government about the damage Santa is causing to the environment based on this article.

Santa’s yearly trip around the globe is 44,000km long, twice the average of a North American driver. If we assume that the magic provides the altitude for this trip, then reindeer power only needs to push Santa’s sled forward. To complete the trip in 12 hours, I estimate they must travel at a speed of about 3100km/h. To travel at this speed, for this length of time, the reindeer need to eat an incredible 980 million calories each!

So the next question is: how much food is in 980 million calories? Well, if they’re eating corn, they’d need to eat 16,500 lbs each - or 1.6 acres of food. Growing 12.8 acres of corn has its own implications for the environment that we’ll leave for another calculation.

We now need to consider that during the global trip the reindeer are “letting out” some of that corn in the form of methane (甲烷，沼气). A resting cow produces 110 kg of methane per year, so flying reindeer would each let out about 4.8 tons. With methane causing 20 times the global warming damage of CO2, and the altitude increasing that damage by 1000% that another 20 times, we can put Santa’s round-trip emissions at 15,488 tons. This is much more than the 100 tons an environmentally-friendly car would release on the same trip!

Bad Santa.

【1】Which aspect does the writer NOT mention in her analyses about reindeer’s influence on environment?

A.Distance covered.B.Money spent on food.

C.Tons of waste let out.D.Calories consumed.

【2】According to the passage, how many acres of corn would Santa need to feed 12 reindeer?

A.12.8.B.16.C.19.2.D.128.

【3】Which of the following words best describes the tone of the passage?

A.Humorous and concerned.B.Cheerful and friendly.

C.Academic and formal.D.Serious and boring.

【4】Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A.Santa, watch where you’re going!B.Let’s reduce waste on Christmas celebrations!

C.Santa Claus is coming to town!D.Is Santa driving clean and green?

【1】It wasn't surprising to me that he was pleased to take several days off, because he really needed to _____ the tiring and demanding job for a short while.

【2】________, more than twenty students have had an interview for working as a journalist at the school radio station.

【3】Many companies_______the “no smoking” signs at the entrance of their office buildings over the past few years.

【4】We are fortunate to live in modern China which provides its people with rich foods, for there were many citizens who were________in the past.

【5】A recently conducted survey suggests that only six percent of the pet owners would give up their beloved pets _______________one million dollars.

【6】After several attempts, the Chinese mountaineering team finally _____ to Mount Qomolangma from the north face for the first time in 1960.

【7】Fortunately, we finally _________ all difficulties and completed the project on time.

【8】The plane ________ the control tower shortly after it took off but fortunately it successfully landed later.

【9】When you ________ one task, you can get it done faster and better.

【10】You are so well prepared that you __________ pass the job interview.

A. where B. which C. what D. that

— I got it, Dad. I’ll study hard from now on.

A. because B. if C. unless D. when

提示词：壶 kettle茶匙 teaspoon茶壶 teapot

茶叶 tea-leaves 茶杯 teacup 茶壶盖 lid

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【题目】

Elon Musk, perhaps the world’s most famous businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.

On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the design of a “neural lace (神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes (电极) that capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation (植入) of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automated.

Mr. Musk’s team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation included videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs “threads”, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.

With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someone’s ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive.

Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.

【1】We can learn from the first two paragraphs that _____.

A.electrodes should be flexible to extend life

B.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas

C.a neural lace is used to store information from the brain

D.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons

【2】What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Useful.B.Common.C.Professional.D.Appropriate.

【3】What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?

A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.

B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.

C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.

D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.

【4】What is the best title of this passage?

A.The Neural Lace, A New Type of BMI.

B.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings.

C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive.

D.A Brain Implant, A Step to Control Machines.

However, what counts is to praise. You could ask your child to say something that happened at school that is true. It is not critical what that is. This is about practice. When your child complies, praise him enthusiastically. Be specific: “That was great! You told me what happened just like I asked. Wow!” and give your child a hug or a high five. If your child says something true in the course of her day, praise that behavior too. Aim for one or two interactions like this a day. If you happen to “catch” your child in a lie, be matter-of-fact in your disapproval. Say something like, “That is not true and could get you in trouble outside of the hoe; it is better to say the truth.”

Besides, you should set a good example to your kids and tell the truth explicitly. This could be about something that happened when you were a child or something that happened during the day. It need not be dramatic. Another option is to play a game at dinner. Each person tells one thing that was true that day. Again, give a little praise to the child who normally lies if she plays along.

In most instances, children are unlikely to change behavior or develop the conduct you want. That does not mean ignoring, lying or letting it go. Rather, use very mild punishment (light reprimand, short loss of privilege, a brief time-out). More severe, harsh or enduring punishments (shouting, taking away something for a week, hitting) are not more effective in actually changing the frequency of lying.

Try these procedures for two to three weeks and see where you are. Usually they can be dropped by then. It is unlikely that lying will be completely removed, but with the right encouragement, it can be dramatically lessened.

【1】Which punishment is relatively ineffective?

A. A brief time-out.

B. Light reprimand.

C. Short loss of privilege.

D. Taking away something for a week.

【2】What can we conclude from the passage?

A. Parents can tell lies sometimes.

B. Lying will disappear thoroughly.

C. Punishment can change behaviors.

D. Praising your kids a lot is beneficial.

【3】Which of the following could serve as the best title?

A. Is Lying a Problem?

B. Can Kids Stop Lying?

C. What Can You Do When Kids Tell lies?

D. How Can You Punish Your Kids for Lying?

【4】Which best shows the structure of the text?

A. B.

C. D.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Is it necessary to practise handwriting ? Some students consider handwriting least important than before. They preferred the keyboard to the pen now, for it is fast,convenient an clear. They think it is ^ waste of time practising handwriting. However, others think Chinese handwriting is an important part of our traditional culture. Though computers are very convenient, but handwriting still plays an important role in the modern world. Beside, beautiful handwriting makes a good impression in others. It shows your attitude to do things. Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture. As for me, when reading a neat written article, you will feel pleased and relaxed.

【1】It ________________ the rules of the school to smoke on campus.

【2】When starting the machine, ________________ listed in the instructions for use.

【3】The doctor told the patient to ________________ deeply and then ________________.

【4】We have no idea how to persuade him to ________________ smoking.

【5】You’d better ________________ the things you need before going shopping.

【6】The president has announced his retirement, but has not ________________.

【7】He has been playing all afternoon ________________ doing his homework.

【8】Across the street from me there are ____________ police officers standing guard.

【9】Li Hua got scolded（责备） by his teacher, for he ________________ his notebooks in the exam.

【10】The cafe owner has ________________ the required “no smoking” signs, but thinks his responsibility stops there.