【题目】It has become the modern substitute of glancing at your watch—the furtive(偷偷的)look at a phone screen to check for new messages or have a quick look at Facebook. Researchers have now found why we often feel such a strong urge to glance at our handset. Using your mobile, they say, is easily affected by other people.

A University of Michigan team says people are twice as likely to pull out their phones to check their messages or emails if they’re with someone who has just done the same. It also found that females were more likely to use their mobile than men because it was more ‘consistent’ with the daily lives of women.

The team watched students in dining halls and coffee shops around campus, observing pairs of students sitting at tables for as long as 20 minutes and recorded their cellphone use at 10-second intervals.

“What we found most interesting was just how often people were using their mobile phones,” Dr Daniel Kruger, the study’s co-author, said. “Every person we observed used his/her phone at least once while one woman was on hers about half of the time. You may see others checking their incoming messages and be encouraged to check your own. ’’

Overall, the students used their cellphones in an average of 24 percent, the researchers found. But they were significantly more likely to use their phones (39.5 percent) when their companion had just done so in the previous 10-second interval than without the social clue, the researchers said, adding that this behavior was often repeated.

Cell phones create an alternative way for one’s attention and may both promote and interrupt ongoing social activities, the researchers wrote.

Kruger believes this pattern could be related to the effects of social acceptance and rejection. If one person in a pair engages in another conversation through their phone, his or her companion may feel rejected. That companion then might be forced to connect with others from outside so as not to feel left out.

1】People’s strong desire to check their messages partly results from ___________.

A. the same behavior of other people

B. the new messages of their handsets

C. the update service of Facebook

D. the modern substitute of their watches

2】How might one feel when his companion is busy checking messages?

A. Relaxed. B. Ashamed. C. Ignored. D. Surprised.

3】The underlined part “this behavior” in Paragraph 5 refers to _______________.

A. receiving social clues

B. using the cellphones

C. joining in activities

D. engaging in conversations

4】Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Social Acceptance and Rejection

B. Females Use Mobiles More than Men

C. How Do People Check Messages?

D. Cellphone Use Is Spreading

【题目】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

An American woman Anna Jarvis was the first person to decide the mothers should have a holiday in their honor each year. Miss Jarvis started her campaign in 1906 in her home city Philadelphia. She wrote thousands of letters to congressmen(国会议员), city officials, teachers and newspaper publishers, proposing an official holiday for mothers. She traveled all over America, trying to get support for the idea. Her battle went on for years.

In 1914, the Congress declared the second Sunday in May each year as Mother's Day. Anna Jarvis wanted Mother's Day to be a simple event. She thought children could honor their mothers by spending some time with them as an act of love and respect. However, the holiday turned out to be a major event for department stores, flower shops and greetingcard industry, which Miss Jarvis didn't like.

Americans spend millions of dollars on gifts for their mothers on this day. Younger children often try to prepare and serve breakfast for their mothers. Fathers may offer to take care of children so that mothers can enjoy themselves. The holiday becomes an important time for family gathering.

【1】What can be inferred from the text is that ________.

A. the Congress didn't accept Anna's suggestion until the whole country supported her

B. the battle lasted 8 years

C. Jarvis didn't enjoy the usual way Americans spend Mother's Day

D. Mother's Day is an important day for Americans

2Miss Jarvis proposed Mother's Day in order people could show their love and respect to their mothers ________.

A. by spending some time with them

B. by offering them precious gifts

C. by eating in restaurants together

D. by taking children for them

3On Mother's Day ________.

A. all women, young and old, receive gifts

B. families gather together

C. all people stay at home

D. no one goes to work

4Miss Jarvis proposed Mother's Day, but she didn't like ________.

A. flower shops selling flowers

B. department stores earning money from greetingcards

C. greetingcard industry

D. the way people spend Mother's Day

【题目】阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Scientists have learned a great deal in the last thirty years by studying people as they sleep. They study the bodily characteristics that change during sleep. They have learned that there is one kind of sleep which causes rapid eye movement ( REM ) and another kind with no rapid eye movement (NREM).

Sleep is divided into three stages. In stage one, when you start to go to sleep, you have a pleasant floating feeling. In stage two, you sleep more deeply, and a noise will probably not wake you up. In stage three, the brain waves are less active. This third stage is when you dream, REM tends to signal that we are dreaming. For the rest of the night, you alternate between REM and NREM sleep.

Sleep is a biological need, but your brain never really sleeps. The things that are on your mind during the day are still there at night. They appear as dreams. Researchers say that normal people may have four or five REM periods of dreaming each night. The first one may begin only a half hour after they fall asleep, and the final one may last up to an hour. Nightmares (a frightening dream) usually happen toward the early morning.

Besides dreaming, snoring is also common in one's sleep. People snore because they have trouble breathing while they are asleep. Some snorers have a condition called apnea. They stop breathing up to thirty or forty times an hour because the muscles relax too much and block the airway. After a period of time, the brain will signal the person to start breathing again. During this time a person will snore. This is a dangerous condition, because once the brain is without oxygen for four minutes there could be serious brain damage. Sleep apnea can also cause irregular heartbeats, high blood pressure, and a general lack of energy.

What should you do if you have trouble sleeping? Lots of people take sleeping pills, but these are dangerous because they can be addictive. Doctors say the best thing is to try to relax and to avoid bad habits.

Sleep is important to humans. In an average lifetime, 220, 000 hours are spent sleeping, so we need to understand everything we can about sleep. Sweet dreams!

【1Sleep is a(an) ________ need for humans.

A. emotional B. mental

C. biological D. psychological

【2】Which of the following conditions is NOT caused by sleep apnea?

A. A heart attack.

B. A lack of energy.

C. Irregular heartbeats.

D. High blood pressure.

【3】We can learn from the article that ____________.

A. our brains can get a good rest when we are asleep

B. it's impossible to stop the habit of taking sleeping pills

C. REM and NREM are ways to see if people are in a deep sleep.

D. in stage two people will probably not wake up if they hear a noise.

【4】Where is the article probably from?

A. A sports guidebook.

B. A health magazine.

C. A fashion website.

D. A news report.

【题目】

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Is your schedule hectic?

Do you sometimes forget to take time to eat?

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Tuna Salad and Whole Wheat Crackers.

【1】This advertisement is designed especially for those who __________.

A.like eating in restaurants B. have little time

C.prefer home-cooked meals D. want to save money

【2】What information CAN’T we get from the advertisement about Quickeats?

A. Different kinds B. High quality

C. Exact prices D. Good taste

【3】Which of the following can be heated before eating according to the ads?

A. Pasta Salad B. Dried Fruit

C. Noodles D. Nuts

【4】What can we learn from the advertisement?

A. Get one Quickeats container and you’ll have four Quickeats to eat./p>

B. Take one coupon and you can eat freely in a participating store.

C. Buy one coupon and you’ll get a free Quickeats.

D. Buy one Quickeats and you’ll get a container.

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