【题目】For many, music is as important to the human experience as eating and breathing. We hear music everywhere—at home, the gym, parties and stores. But what kind of music do we prefer to listen to, and when and why do our musical preferences change?

The relationship between the change of seasons and musical preferences was the focus of a study led by psychologist Terry Pettijohn. He and his team based their research on a previous study that examined the relationship between popular music preferences and the Environmental Security Hypothesis(假设). The results showed that over time, when social and financial conditions were more risky, the songs of the year that were slower, longer, more comforting and serious were most popular. And during periods in which social and financial conditions were generally stable, the result was opposite.

Building on these findings, Pettijohn and his team wondered if the Hypothesis could also be applied to the change of seasons. For college students, the participants in this study, autumn begins at the start of the school year. Gone are the carefree days of summer, when school is out. Winter means colder temperatures, shorter days, and, in many places in the country, snow. Spring, however, is a different story. It represents a fresh start and when clocks spring forward, we gain an extra hour of daylight. As students walk into summer, they’re absorbed in the sunshine and social activities—and enjoy a break from school.

But do changing seasonal conditions influence musical preferences? To answer this question, the researchers designed two studies. What did they find? Both groups of college students favored more serious music during the seasons of fall and winter, and more active and energetic music during the spring and summer seasons. And these findings, Pettijohn argues, have practical significances.

1The purpose of the question raised in Paragraph 1 is to ________.

A. present a different opinion on music

B. prove where to listen to music matters

C. stress the importance of music to humans

D. introduce the topic on musical preferences

2What influences a person’s choice of music types according to the previous study?

A. Whether one has enough free time.

B. Whether one lives in a stable situation.

C. Whether one is exposed to sunlight.

D. Whether one chooses to change his life.

3What does Paragraph 3 imply?

A. Students aren’t fond of school in any season.

B. Spring has a special meaning to people.

C. The Hypothesis disagrees with Pettijohn’s studies.

D. The length of summer time is longer than that of winter time.

4How does Pettijohn feel about the findings of his studies?

A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s humorous.

C. It’s discouraging. D. It’s significant.

【题目】 Our dog Sandy is a golden retriever( 寻回犬). Once we performed an experiment to see how keen his nose was.There was one particular pile that must have had hundreds of sticks. We picked up one stick carved an X on it, walked away from the pile and then threw it back into the pile, not once but a dozen times into the pile. It was impossible for us to tell with any certainty which stick we had originally chosen. Each time he brought back that stick. It wasn't the shape or the size or the look of the stick that he used to pick it out from all the others. It was the smell we left on the stick. It is hard to imagine, but for dogs every living creature has its own distinctive smell.

The noses of people have about 5 million cells that sense smell. Dogs' noses have anywhere from 125 to 300 million cells. Moreover, these cells are closer to the surface than cells in our noses, and more active. It has been estimated that dogs such as Sandy have noses that are a million times more sensitive than ours. Clothes that we haven't worn for week,and places we've only touched lightly indicate our presence to dogs.

His ears are also remarkable. He can hear sounds that humans can't and at distances which are astonishing. It is over our head to know and understand that world. Yet we have the advantage of being able to imagine what his experience is like, though he probably doesn't think too much about how we see the world.

The environment is the world that all living things share. Living creatures are born into the environment and are part of it. Yet there is no creature who perceives (感知到) all of what is and what happens. For a dog like Sandy a book isn't much different than a stick, whereas for us one stick is pretty much like every other stick. There is no one world experienced by all living creatures.

1Why did the author conduct the experiment?

A.To train Sandy to pick out sticks.

B.To show how fast Sandy found sticks.

C.To prove sensitivity of Sandy's nose.

D.To teach Sandy to tell different smells.

2What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?

A.Support the conclusion with numbers.

B.Summarize the previous paragraph.

C.Provide some advice for the readers.

D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.

3What does the underlined idiom in paragraph 3 mean?

A.Amazing.B.Difficult.

C.Reasonable.D.Inconvenient.

4Which of the following best expresses the author's opinion in the last paragraph?

A.Worlds to experience.

B.An environment to share.

C.No environment, no creatures.

D.One environment, many worlds.

【题目】 When I first got to the dojo( 柔道馆) at around 6, the first thing that I remember seeing was these groups of people,lined up to fight each other, which shook me. I really didn't want to come back. But I did. I stayed until my Blue Belt. After that, progressing was a little frightening. But my friends and instructors got me to keep coming.

I was progressing well, but that took a turn as soon as I reached the Red Belt. My parents were switching jobs, and it was very difficult to match our schedules so that 1 could come to the dojo. During that year, 1 didn't come to the dojo as much. It was hard for my parents, as well as myself, to be able to fit it into our schedule as often.

When I finally started coming regularly, it was bitter for me to see that all of my friends and peers were ahead. And that taught me a lesson: You should never be upset about yourself if other people are achieving something that you aren't.If anything, you should do the opposite for them. After that year, everything was back up to speed, and I entered Level 3. I couldn't believe how fast my training was going, and I was finally into the Brown Belt.

Getting through the Brown Belt tests as a young student, and a girl, was very tough. And here, in one of the last stages before my First Degree Black Belt, I learned the biggest lesson - - I could do anything that I wanted to and I was capable of anything that I set my mind to. I just didn't think I could. But I proved myself wrong, and I was able to do it.

Finally, getting my First Degree Black Belt is a dream that comes true, literally. I have been dreaming about these I days for months on end, and it never loses the excitement that it gives me. And even after my ceremony, I think I will I look back on this dayand remember every secondevery moment.

1How did the author feel when she first got to the dojo?

A.Scared.B.Thrilled.

C.Annoyed.D.Disappointed.

2What made the author unable to come to the dojo regularly?

A.Her dislike of her instructors.

B.Her parents' not supporting her.

C.Her little progress in the training.

D.Her parents' changes of jobs.

3The author thinks that when others did better than you, you should

A.be respectful to themB.be happy for them

C.learn from them modestlyD.work harder and harder

4Which saying can conclude the biggest lesson the author learmed?

A.No pain, no gain.

B.Well begun is half done.

C.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

D.All things are difficult before they are easy.

【题目】阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

Three boys and three girls were going to the beach. When they boarded the bus, they were carrying sandwiches and wine, dreaming of golden beaches. Suddenly, they noticed Vingo. He sat in front of them, eyes fixed upon a photo, completely in silence.

Deep into the night, the bus pulled into Howard Johnson’s, a service area, and everybody got off except Vingo. The young people began to wonder about him. When they came back, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took a swig from the bottle. He thanked her and became silent again.

The next morning, they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. He ordered black coffee and some cookies. When they returned, the girl sat with Vingo again. After a while, slowly and painfully, he began his story. He had been in prison for the past four years, and now he was going home.

“Are you married?”

“I don’t know.”

“You don’t know?” she said.

“Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife,” he said, “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldn’t stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, and if it hurt her too much, she could just forget me. I’d understand. ‘Get a new guy.’ I said. She’s a wonderful woman. I told her she didn’t have to write me. And she didn’t. Not for three and a half years.”

“And you’re going home now, not knowing?”

“Yeah. Well, last week, when I was sure the parole (假释) was coming through, I wrote her again. We used to live in Brunswick, and there’s a big oak (橡树) tree just as you come into town. I told her that if she didn’t have a new man and if she’d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I’d get off and come homeIf she didn’t want me, forget it — no handkerchief and I’d go on through.”

“Wow,” the girl exclaimed, “wow.”

She told the others, and soon all of them were in it.

注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1

Looking at the photo, the young people found a young woman and three children in it.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2

Vingo sat there amazed, staring at the oak tree.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【题目】 Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID -19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing – the NCP’s symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but it’s potentially more dangerous.

Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. 1 How can they cause so much trouble?

Viruses are non-living organisms approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.

Viruses can infect every living thing – from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. 2 Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections bring about no noticeable reaction.

Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 3 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system.

But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 4 “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult,” Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses don’t leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they’ve invaded.”

However, there are three main theories to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.

5 The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.

A.But what are viruses?

B.For the time being, these are only theories.

C.Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.

D.The answer may be even less satisfactory than it now appears.

E.Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.

F.Experts are concerned about the bad effect that it had on people’s health.

G.For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life.

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