【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Men are spending more and more time in the kitchen encouraged by celebrity (名人) chefs like Gordon Ramsay and Jamie Oliver, according to a report from Oxford University.
The effect of the celebrity role models, who have given cooking a more manly picture, has combined with a more general drive towards sexual equality and men now spend more than twice the amount of time preparing meals than they did in 1961.
According to the research by Prof. Jonatahn Gershuny, who runs the Centre for Time Research at Oxford, men now spend more than half an hour a day cooking, up from just 12 minutes a day in 1961.
Prof. Gershuny said, “The man in the kitchen is part of a much wider social trend. There has been 40 years of sexual equality, but there is another 40 years probably to come.”
Women, who a generation ago spent nearly two hours a day cooking, now spend just one hour and seven minutes—a great fall, but they still spend far more time in the kitchen than men.
Some experts have named these men in aprons as “Gastrosexuals (men using cooking skills to impress friends)”, who have been inspired to pick up a kitchen knife by the success of Ramsay, Oliver as well as other male celebrity chefs such as Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, Marco Pierre White and Keith Floyd.
“I was married in 1974. When my father came to visit me a few weeks later, I was wearing an apron when I opened the door. He laughed,” said Prof. Gershuny. “That would never happen now.”
Two-thirds of adults say that they come together to share at least three times a week, even if it is not necessarily around a kitchen or dining room table. Prof. Gershuny pointed out that the family meal was now rarely eaten by all of its members around a table—with many “family meals” in fact taken on the sofa in the sitting room, and shared by family members. “The family meal has changed a lot, and few of us eat—as I did when I was a child—at least two meals a day together as a family. But it has survived in a different format.”
（1）What is one reason behind the trend that men spend more time cooking than before?
A.The improvement of cooks' status.
B.The influence of popular female chefs.
C.The change of female's view on cooking.
D.The development of sexual equality campaign.
（2）What does the author think about the time men and women spend on cooking?
A.Men spend more time cooking than women nowadays.
B.Women spend much less time on cooking than before.
C.It will take 40 years before men spend more time at the stove than women.
D.There is a sharp decline in the time men spend on cooking compared with 1961.
（3）How did Prof. Gershuny see the family meal according to the passage?
A.It has become a thing of the past.
B.It is very different from what it used to be.
C.It shouldn't be advocated in modern times.
D.It is beneficial to the stability of the family.
（4）Which is the best title for the passage?
A.The Changes of Family Meals
B.Equality between Men and Women
C.Cooking into a New Trend for Men
D.Cooking—a Thing of the Past for Women

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Happiness means different things to different people. For Mary, who has severe sleeping problem, happiness is as simple as having a good night's sleep.
Bed was once a place Mary went to rest after a long, hard day. , she has not had a full night's sleep in almost six months. Her doctor said that(count) sheep might help her fall asleep. She tried this, but soon got tired of it after it failed to work. She finds the nights without sleep almost (bear) . She is always sleepy and lacks energy during the day.
Mary is not alone. Studies show that more than one in three people worldwide struggle with getting enough sleep. It often takes on different (form) : some people can get to sleep, but wake up much too early; some get a full night's sleep, but are (disappoint) to find that they still feel tired when they wake up; others, like Mary, find difficult to fall asleep in the first place.
Specialists say that people should not worry too much about this problem. In most cases, a lack of sleep (cause) by anxiety and pressure. It is important to keep yourself good spirits and to be positive.

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time, according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences. The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis of the "5-second rule" — the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less. Although people have long followed the ‘5-second rule', until now it was unclear whether it actually helped.
The study, undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton, Professor of Microbiology at Aston University, monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet, cement floor to toast, pasta, biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. The results showed that: time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food, and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect, with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds. Professor Hilton said, "Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time."
The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the ‘five-second rule'. The survey showed that: 87% of the people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor, or already have done so. 55% of those that would, or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women. 81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the ‘5-second rule'. Professor Hilton added, "Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food, with women the most likely to do so. But they are also more likely to follow the ‘5-second rule, which our research has shown to be much than an old wives' tale."
（1）According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A.A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.
B.A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.
C.The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor.
D.The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.
（2）What is the passage probably developed?
A.Contrast
B.Example
C.Time
D.Space
（3）How did Professor Hilton feel after analyzing how many people chose to eat dropped food?
A.Puzzled.
B.Upset.
C.Satisfied.
D.Astonished.
（4）What is the main idea of this passage?
A.The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.
B.A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.
C.The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.
D.People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
"Some secrets are hidden from health," wrote John Updike in his poem "Fever".
I have experienced the truth of Updike's observation. My excellent health kept me from seeing some things—things that became secrets of sort.
One relates to my son Chris. When I lost my health in March, I discovered something I had missed about him.
Christopher has been a scholar and athlete through high school. He has behaved responsibly, engaged in community service. He has had an impressive peer group of serious students.
While I saw these things, I had missed before what I experienced while in hospital. Early on, Christopher offered the clearest and most forceful words about my need to be positive and to fight acute leukemia(急性白血病). He never left the room after a visit without making me promise that I would be mentally tough and positive.
During the first week, he showed his own mental toughness, researching leukemia and learning what the chances were. He even stopped my doctor outside the room, introduced himself and asked directly what he thought of my chances. He processed the answer without overreaction.
Christopher did admonish(劝告) me against my choice of words the first week at home. I had moved back into my room from weighing myself, discovering a thin figure I did not know. I announced to him and my wife, “dead man walking”. I thought it was a way to lighten the obvious. He saw it as negativity and was strongly against such thinking and talking.
When I resisted taking medicine sometimes, Christopher formed a “good-cop-bad-cop” team with his mother. Betsy gently and patiently encouraged. He directly and forcefully insisted. He always made the logical arguments for why I needed to take some awful pills.
My health had hidden something from me; my ill-health helped me to see it.
（1）What did Christopher do when the author was in hospital?
A.He told the author not to say anything wrong.
B.He offered some suggestions to the doctor.
C.He always encouraged the author to be confident.
D.He tried to get help from community service.
（2）What does “good-cop-bad-cop” in the text refer to?
A.A trick to force the author to obey.
B.A measure to keep the author happy.
C.A friendly way to make the author see what was good for him.
D.A joint effort to persuade the author both kindly and forcefully.
（3）What may be the best title for the text?
A.Lessons from Ill-health
B.Unexpected Love
C.Secrets Hidden from Health
D.Discovery Made in Hospital

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Experiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified foods, including starchier potatoes and caffeine-free coffee beans. Genetic engineers are even trying to transfer genes from a cold-winter fish to make a frost-resistant tomato.
A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes (糖尿病) to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains rich in protein(蛋白质) might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by severe lack of protein, is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages.
Commenting on GM foods, Jonathon Jones, a British researcher, said: "The future benefits will be enormous（巨大的）, and the best is yet to come". To some people, GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. "A tomato is a tomato," said Brian Sansoni, an American food manufacturer.
Critics of GM foods challenge Sansoni's opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people, other animals, and plants.
In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University, scientists tested pollen(花粉) made by BT corn, which makes up one-fourth of the U.S. corn crop. The scientist dropped the pollen onto milkweed, a plant that is the only known food source of a butterfly caterpillar(毛虫). Within four days of feeding on the leaves, almost half of a test group of caterpillars died. "This is a warning bell." said Cornell researcher Linda Raynor.
Some insects that are not killed by GM foods might find themselves made stronger. How so? The insecticides are used on the crops to kill the pests. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insects relying on those crops may develop resistance to the plants and they may also develop a resistance to the insecticide.
At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada. GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants, creating "superweeds" that could take over whole fields.
So where do you stand? Should GM food be banned in the United States, as they are in parts of Europe? Or do their benefits outweigh（胜过） any of the risks they might carry?
（1）The first three paragraphs try to give the idea that__________
A.GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans.
B.GM foods are no different from ordinary ones.
C.GM foods may have both benefits and harm.
D.GM foods are particularly good to the kwashiorkor patients.
（2）Why is the pollen-sprayed milkweed mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A.To show GM foods can kill insects effectively.
B.To show GM foods contain more protein.
C.To show GM foods also have a dark side.
D.To show GM foods may harm crops.
（3）What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide?
A.They may lose their ability to produce lay eggs.
B.They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.
C.They move to other fields free from insecticide.
D.They never eat again those plants containing insecticide.
（4）Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the passage?
A.Underdeveloped countries have banned GM foods.
B.Both Europe and the U.S. have banned GM foods.
C.Most European countries have not banned GM foods.
D.The United States has not banned GM foods.

According to Adam Grant, a professor at Pennsylvania University, most people are matchers. They make careful observations on takers and make it a point for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others without receiving any reward. Actually, most matchers will try to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.

Another professor named Hannah Rile Bowles, from Harvard University, led a study on the idea. She asked 200 senior managers to sit down in pairs where one person would act as the boss and the other as an employee to negotiate salary promotions. Male employees asked for an average salary of $146 k while the females asked for only $141 k. But why did they not bargain as hard as the men? Simply because they were more likely to be givers.

As a woman, I do enjoy the act of giving up my time, my knowledge and my care and attention to others. I don't expect anything in return, but I do tend to pull myself away when I feel like I'm being taken for granted. I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one's continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed. So it's safe to say I'm 50% giver,35% matcher and 15% taker.

I do know someone, however, who is 99% giver. They’re devoting their time, sharing valuable insights and going out of their way for everyone who crosses their path. Although they've changed the lives of many people, they rarely see any of it returned. But the universe is slowly repaying them; they’re now extremely successful, well known for what they do.

【1】In Adam Grant’s opinion, most people .

A. prefer giving to taking

B. prefer taking to giving

C. tend to depend on others

D. tend to balance between giving and taking

【2】What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A. Cheer myself up. B. Give up on myself.

C. Stay away deliberately. D. Force myself to move forward.

【3】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. No good deed goes undone.

B. People who give are worth respecting.

C. Giving is the shortest path to success.

D. Sharing is the greatest human quality.

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地).
It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.
Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
（1）What is the passage mainly about?
A.Disappearance of African elephants.
B.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C.The effect of African elephants' search for food.
D.The eating habit of African elephants.
（2）What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?
A.Fixing the time.
B.Worsening the state.
C.Improving the quality.
D.Deciding the conditions.
（3）What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?
A.They result from the destruction of rain forests.
B.They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C.They are home to many endangered animals.
D.They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.
（4）The passage is developed mainly by________.
A.showing the effect and then explaining the causes
B.pointing out similarities and differences
C.describing the changes in space order
D.giving examples

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在下面写出修改后的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Sally,
Now I'd like to tell you something about my part-time job this summer vacation, of which I worked like a guide in a travel agency.The work was interesting but tired. I think it was helpful to work this holiday. It was the first time that I have earned money on my own.I've come to understand how hard my parents work to support for the family. I used to keep on ask them for money, but now I'll never waste money and learn to share worry with my parent. I've learnt how to get along well with others.
What's worse, I've gained some working and social experience and I have learnt something can' t be learnt from textbooks. All these will be good for my future. In a word, I had the wonderful and valuable summer vacation.
Yours,
Li Bing

【题目】假定你是李华。你收到了美国笔友彼得寄来的最新英文小说。请给他回信，内容包括：
1）小说收到；
2）回赠礼物；
3）礼物意义；
4）邀请来华。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
……
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When I left for the United States to study. I had butterflies in my stomach. I was nervous because I was going to new place with new people and new customs. I couldn't even understand (they)language. Everything was different my own country. There was nobody that I could talk to. I just had my husband, was a new person for me, too.
It was a sad moment when I had to say goodbye to my family and friends. I didn't want (leave)my hometown because I (grow) up there and had wonderful (memory) of the place. So, (think)about all these changes made me nervous and I was (worry)about my new life. But studying abroad was a decision that I made myself. I had to continue and accept the challenge. I looked forward to (visit)my family in the summer vacation.