【题目】Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins(知更鸟) are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night一 as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.

David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.

Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.

He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy."

And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying `You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?'.During the breeding(繁殖)season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep."

Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.

However, some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalizing on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.

【1】According to Dr Dominoni's study, what causes robins to sing so much?

A. The breeding season.

B. The light in modem.

C. The dangerous environment.

D. The noise from heavy machinery.

【2】What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output?

A. The environment might be polluted.

B. The birds' health might be damaged.

C. The industry cost might be increased

D. The people's hearing might be affected.

【3】What does the underlined word "nocturnal" in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Active at night.

B. Inactive at night.

C. Active during the day.

D. Inactive during the day.

【4】Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?

A. Because there are fewer dangers.

B. Because there is more food to eat.

C. Because there is less light pollution

D. Because there are more places to take shelter.

【题目】七选五，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs. 【1】 ，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit. 【2】 .As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day. 【3】，it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 【4】___.After two weeks，start timing yourself. 【5】 .Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A.After six days

B.For a good marathon runner

C.Before you begin your training

D.With each day，increase the distance by a half mile

E.If they still feel good，you can begin running in them

F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

【题目】句型转换

【1】It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.

Not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ________ ________ ________ we had a lot in common.

【2】If it hadn't been for his fluency in English, he couldn't have been offered the job.

_______ ________ his fluency in English, he couldn't have been offered the job.

【3】After they had made a great many efforts, everything is now under their control.

After they had made a great many efforts, everything is now ________ ________ ________.

【4】The production in large quantities of this kind of medicine is forbidden.

The ________ ________ of this kind of medicine is not allowed.

【5】I thought after he left he would disappear gradually from my mind, but still every day when I wake up I will dream of the happiest moments with him.

I thought after he left he would ________ _________ from my mind, but still every day I wake up dreaming of the happiest moments with him.

【题目】短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下书信。书信中共有10处错误，每句最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（︿），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

To tell you the truth, I didn’t agree with my parents who insist on that I should go to a university in Beijing. I’d like study at a university outside Beijing so that I can live on my own. In that case, I will have to deal with something by myself, that will make me independent from my parents. For example, I will have to wash our own clothes. Besides, I will have more chance to make new friends or to experience a way of life quite differently from that in Beijing. I think my future university life will be more challenging and excited.

【题目】单句填空

【1】Thanks for the _______ ( invite ) to your birthday party.

【2】You’ll get an _______ ( addition ) gift if you buy something during the Christmas.

【3】It was not long ________ they reached their destination.

【4】Whales _______ (hunt ) at present and they become endangered.

【5】They _______ ( obvious ) admire you very much for your great achievement in science.

【6】You should do more exercise so as to keep _______ (energy ).

【7】To make members of a team perform better, the trainer has to know their ______ ( strong )and weaknesses.

【8】She put on dark glasses because the sun was ______ ( glare ) in her eyes.

【9】I _______(spot) by a ship and brought to London.

【10】He had just rushed out of the office _______ the manager asked for him.

【题目】根据首字母写出单词的正确形式

【1】I don’t think it is worthwhile to s__________ your health to make great achievements.

【2】Independence and equality among different countries are the basic p__________ of the international laws.

【3】Under such circumstances, he began to be s__________ about his own judgment.

【4】Though he hasn’t realized it, there is actually a p__________ danger in his work.

【5】She desperately wanted to win his father’s a__________ of her studying abroad.

【6】He lost his parents in an accident when he was five, which made him suffer a lot and feel a__________ by the world.

【7】His c__________ as an economist was confirmed by his successful fight against the financial crises.

【8】I just can’t understand the social p__________ that so many Chinese people are rushing to Japan for basic daily necessities.

【9】I want to return the goods to you because they don’t c__________ with my order.

【10】We should go to the hospital to take regular medical examinations because many diseases like cancer show no s__________ in their early stages.

【题目】—When did the manager decide to construct the theory of management?

—It was last month ________ the management system suffered from a drawback.

A. whenB. thatC. which D. where

【题目】We don’t permit _____ in the hospital, so you aren’t permitted _____ here, either.

A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; to smoke

C. smoking; smoking D. to smoke; smoking

【题目】Tom, you should know how to behave yourself. After all you will ________ 20 next month, and will ________ a teacher after you graduate from college next year.

A. become; turnB. turn; become

C. become; becomeD. turn; turn

【题目】________ in making for 4As in the academic proficiency test, which most classmates had not expected, made her parents very upset.

A. Wang Qiang was defeated

B. Wang Qiang being defeated

C. Wang Qiang’s been defeated

D. Wang Qiang’s being defeated