【题目】A

Sit Up Straight: Tips for Improving Your Terrible Posture

The more time we spend sitting in front of our computers, the worse our posture gets. Modern technology is turning us into literally twisted creatures.

In addition to being detrimental to how your body functions, bad posture isn’t cute. It causes you to jut(突出) your hips forward, slump your shoulders, and even breathe inefficiently, according to Pat Davidson, a trainer with a PhD in Exercise Physiology who is the Director of Training Methodology and Continuing Education Coordinator at Peak Performance in NYC.

Davidson explained that bad posture compromises your diaphragm(隔离), the big muscle right below the ribs that helps you take deep breaths. So instead, you start using other muscles, like your shoulders, to help you breathe. It turns out that people with lousy posture don’t walk correctly, and they count on their lower back muscles to help propel themselves forward.

Here are a few quick fixes recommended for correcting your slump:

If you sit at a desk all day, don’t perch on the edge of your chair at work trying to sit up straight. The best thing you can do is keep your hips against the back of the chair and use it for support—that’s what it’s there for.

Get up frequently and walk around.

If you carry a heavy shoulder bag, make sure to carry it on both your right and left shoulder, switching off as each gets tired. Even better: wear a cross-body bag so that the weight’s more evenly distributed.

Work out your core muscles. You can try backwards jump-roping. If the rope hits you, you have the wrong posture. Hula hooping is also a good choice.

Focus on the upper back and shoulder muscles. One of her favorite exercises is having clients stand up against a wall, with your hips touching the wall. Put a tennis ball between your shoulder blades and try to squeeze the ball. Boating is also excellent for improving posture, since it causes you to pull your shoulders up and back.

【1】According to the passage, a bad posture can_____.

a. stop us from taking deep breathes

b. functionally change our body

c. hurt our diaphragm

d. make our walking posture incorrect

A. bcd B. acd C. abc D. abcd

【2】What does the underlined word “detrimental” in the second paragraph probably mean?

A. harmful B. helpful

C. meaningless D. vital

【3】Which of the following tips is true for a good sitting posture?

A. Sitting on the edge of the chair.

B. Using the back of the chair to support your back.

C. Sitting up straight at a desk all day.

D. Keep your back against the chair.

【4】We may find the above introduction _____.

A. in a travel booklet B. in a fiction story

C. in a health magazine D. in s science journal

【题目】E

Thomas Hardy was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist, in the tradition of George Eliot, he was also influenced both in his novels and poetry by Romanticism, especially by William Wordsworth. Charles Dickens is another important influence on Thomas Hardy. Like Dickens, he was also highly critical of much in Victorian society, though Hardy focused more on a declining rural society.

While Hardy wrote poetry throughout his life, and regarded himself primarily as a poet, his first collection was not published until 1898. Initially therefore he gained fame as the author of such novels as Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895). However, since the 1950s Hardy has been recognized as a major poet, and had a significant influence on The Movement poets of the 1950s and 1960s, including Phillip Larkin.

The majority of his fictional works, initially published as serials in magazines, were set in the semi-fictional region of Wessex and explored tragic characters struggling against their passions and social circumstances. Hardy's Wessex is based on the medieval（中世纪的）Anglo-Saxon kingdom and eventually came to include the counties of Dorset, Wiltshire, Somerset, Devon, Hampshire and much of Berkshire, in southwest and south central England.

【1】Which of the follow is Not true according to the 1st paragraph?

A. Hardy was influenced both in his novels and poetry by Romanticism.

B. William Wordsworth was a Victorian realist.

C. Charles Dickens highly criticized much of Victorian society.

D. Hardy cared more about rural society.

【2】Which of the following is Not Hardy’s works?

A. Far from the Madding Crowd B. The Mayor of Casterbridge

C. Tess of the D'Urbervilles D. Great Expectations

【3】Most of Hardy’s fictional works_____.

A. were originally published in magazines.

B. were set in the fictional region of Wessex.

C. explored comedic characters.

D. were based on Anglo-Saxon kingdom

【4】It can infer from the passage that_____.

A. Hardy wrote poetry occasionally in his life

B. Hardy’s poetry collection was never published

C. Hardy wasn’t recognized as a major poet until the 1950s.

D. Phillip Larkin had a great influence on Hardy.

【题目】书面表达（共35分）

近来中学生普遍缺乏自我保护意识这一问题备受关注。社会﹑学校﹑家长以及学生自己应该一起努力以确保学生的安全。请根据下列要点写一篇120字左右的短文，并谈谈你的具体想法。

Recently, it has been a great public concern that the students lack self-protection awareness. Society, school, parents and especially students should work together to ensure students’ security.

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【题目】随着科技的发展，网络进入我们的日常生活，网上购物越来越普遍。《21世纪报》就网上购物进行讨论，请你根据以下内容为其投稿。

注意：1. 词数不少于100。 2. 短文的开头, 中间及结尾巳给出。

With the development of science,

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【题目】One day, Amy is digging in the ground for a potato when along comes Tom. Seeing that there is no one in sight, Tom starts to scream. Tom’s angry mother rushes over and drives Amy away. Once his mum has gone, Tom helps himself to Amy’s potato.

We’ve all experienced similar annoying tricks when we were young—the brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him. But Amy and Tom are not humans. They’re African baboons(狒狒).【1】

Tom’s scream and his mother’s attack on Amy could have been a matter of chance, but Tom was later seen playing the same tricks on others.【2】

Studying behavior like this is complicated but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated.【3】An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting. When she found nothing, she “walked back, hit me over the head with her hand and ignored me for the rest of the day.”

Another way to decide whether an animal’s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal. A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy. “He slowly stole up behind the other ape, walking on tiptoe. When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, then ran indoors.” Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe.【4】But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying.

It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies.【5】Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence.

E. This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks commonly

used by baboons.

F. The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use

of tools.

G. In most cases the animal probably doesn’t know it is cheating.

【题目】Students are pushed to their limits in the hope that once they complete their education, their efforts will pay off _______ a stable career with a good company

A. in spite of B. in case of

C. in the form of D. in the face of

【题目】The result of the research is not _______ a team of doctors expected to see, but it actually has a positive effect on cancer treatment.

A. the one B. one C. it D. that

【题目】I have battled with my _______ whether I should keep the extra money given to me or return it to the seller.

A. awareness B. conscience

C. commitment D. competence

【题目】It is common to see electric bicycles, often _______ as e-bikes, racing down the road, especially in major cities of China.

A. referring to B. referred to

C. referred D. to be referred

【题目】Global warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earths atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows，but it can’t get back out. This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth .The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out. As a result，the temperature rises.

Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on. Without it，the earth would be freezing，or it would be burning hot. It would be freezing at night because we would not get the sun’s heat and light .During the day, especially during the summer, it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter(过滤)it，so people，plants，and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat.

Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it，if there gets to be too many gases，the each can get unusually warmer, and many plants，animals．and people will die. Plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .This would cause us to have less food to eat,and it would also limit the food that animals have. With less food for the animals that we need to/span> survive we would even have less food. Gradually,people，plants，and animals would all die of hunger．

People are doing many things to try to stop global warming .One thing is carpooling—driving with someone to a place that you are both going to. Another thing is being more careful about leaving electrical devices turned on. Now,more people are even riding buses or bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air .Although adults do many things to help stop global warming,kids call do just as much.

【1】 By the example given in Paragraph l, the author wants to__________.

A. explain how global warming happens.

B. show his feeling in a car in hot summer.

C. tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gases.

D. say that I there are greenhouse gases in every car.

【2】 The underlined wordit in Paragraph 2 refers to__________.

A. light B. greenhouse effect

C. temperature D. heat

【3】 What is the effect of atmosphere?

A. It only traps the heat of the sun.

B. It does great harm to humans.

C. It makes the earth neither too hot nor too cold.

D. It prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth.

【4】 What is the main idea of the third paragraph?

A. lf there is greenhouse effect,all the plants will die

B. Human beings are likely to disappear from the earth

C. Crops can ′t take in the heat lf there is greenhouse effect

D. Although greenhouse effect is necessary,too much of it will cause us to die.

【5】 What will the uthor most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. What kids can do to help stop global warming.

B. Who should be responsible for the environmental problems.

C. What global warming is doing to the environment.

D. Why cars and buses pollute the air a lot.