3． Heaven is where the police are English.the cooks are French.the mechanics are German.the lovers a——青夏教育精英家教网—

3．"Heaven is where the police are English，the cooks are French，the mechanics are German，the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss．Hell （地狱） is where the police are German，the cooks are English，the mechanics are French，the lovers are Swiss，and everything is organized by the Italians．"
Obviously the national stereotypes （模式化的思想） in this old joke are generalizations （普遍化），but such stereotypes are often said to"exist for a reason"．Is there actually a sliver （裂片） of truth in them？Not likely，an international research team now says．
"National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others，and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing，"said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging．"These are in fact unfounded stereotypes．They don't come from looking around you，"McCrae said．
If national stereotypes aren't rooted in real experiences，then where do they come from？One possibility is that they reflect national values，which may become known from historical events．For example，many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West．
Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect．Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed．
We may be"hard-wired"，to some degree，to keep incorrect stereotypes，since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes．Generally，according to Robins，when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes，we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups．

32．The stereotype about Italians isA．
A．romantic but disorganized
B．friendly and good-tempered
C．dreamy and impractical
D．strict but thoughtful
33．National stereotypes are not always correct becauseA．
A．what was true in the past may not be true at present
B．they are formed by individual historians
C．generalizations are made through personal experience
D．people tend to have false idea about other culture
34．According to the research team led by McCrae，national stereotypes areC．
A．interesting
B．harmful
C．unreliable
D．humorous
35．The underlined word"hard-wired"in the last paragraph probably meansD．
A．forgetful
B．anxious
C．helpless
D．fixed．

2．假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．表示歉意 2．说明原因 3．另约时间
注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Bob，
I'm sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon．I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon．I hope the change will no t cause you too much trouble．
Shall we go on Saturday morning？We can set out early so that we'll have more time to read and select books．If it's convenient for you，let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate．If not，let me know what time suits you best．I should be available any time after school next week．
Looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Lihua．

1．假设你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席．针对不少同学爱吃快餐（fast food）及经常不吃早饭的情况，请你代表学生会写一篇倡议书，呼吁同学们培养健康的饮食习惯．
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear friends，
Some students in our school prefer eating fast food and others often skip breakfast，which is bad for our health．
Fast food is considered to be junk food because they don't provide enough of the nutrients we need in a day．The negative effects of skipping breakfast can also be serious．Experts say breakfast is the most important meal of the day，without which our body cannot function properly．
Let's develop a healthy lifestyle from now on．Remember：eat meals on time，have a balanced diet and take exercise regularly．
We are what we eat．Let's take good care of ourselves in order to keep fit．
Students'Union．

20．I alwaysfry （油炸） potatoes in hot oil with a bit of onion．

19．Employees of his company can buy books at adiscount （折扣）．

18．Weadmire（钦佩） him for his fluent English．

17．Each morning，a group of elderly womengather （聚集） at the park singing songs．

16．Mexico gained its independence from Spain in l821．

15．Don't send the man any money-it might be atrick （诡计）．

14．Are animal brains too simple for thoughts and choices？Stories about animal kindness have really changed my point of view．In fact，some stories are amazing，especially when animals are meeting with people．Here are two stories that interest me：
James，a wildlife writer，told a story about how an African woman had placed her baby in the shade of a tree while she was working．An elephant group walked by and saw the baby．Several elephants pulled lefy branches from the tree and covered the sleeping baby．Flies can be a problem in Africa and the branches protected the baby from the flies．The elephants were so gentle and quiet that they did not even wake up the baby．Then the elephants walked away．
An English magazine offers another story．Bill，the cat，stayed at home while its master was away on a trip，but the man was injured in a railway accident and died a few days later in a hospital．At the funeral （葬礼），the man's brother was surprised to see that Bill was there．The faithful cat had traveled a long way tothe hospital，looked at the coffin （棺材），and then sadly returned home．
Humans are only one part of the earth．The beautiful flowers are our sisters； the deer，the horse，the great eagle，these are our brothers．The sky and mountains，the cows and men，all belong to the same family．These stories，I hope，will inspire more people to treat animals as our friends rather than pets or our next meal．

29．What did the author use to believe？B
A．People meet with animals often．
B．Animal brains are too simple to make choices．
C．We should change our old views about animals．
D．Animal stories have many amazing facts．
30．Why does the author write this passage？B
A．He wants to make animals become our sisters and brothers．
B．He wants to inspire more people to treat animals as friends．
C．He wants to warn people against having more food or pets．
D．He wants to make the earth a whole family．

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