14．Shu Road connected Xi'an.in Shaanxi province.to Sichuan in ancient times and is more than 3.000 y——青夏教育精英家教网—

14．Shu Road connected Xi'an，in Shaanxi province，to Sichuan in ancient times and is more than 3，000 years old．If an adventurous holiday is（61）whatone is after，then a hike along Shu Road shouldn't（62）be missed（miss）．
I hiked along the road last year．Certain parts of it were so narrow that even two slim people could（63）barely（bare） pass each other．I（64）bent（bend） over from time to time to avoid bumping my head against rocks on my left．
Despite the rough ground，there are many（65）hidden（hide） delights appealing to tourist．Blue rivers and towering trees make up Shu Road's landscape．The varied shapes of the clouds float low，（66）surrounding（surround） the mountain in mist，which gives the Road a fairy-tale touch．
A middle-aged man hiking along with us carried a big bamboo basket full of sand on his back．After taking（67）abreak to catch his breath，he told us the sand was intended（68）forbuilding work in higher mountains．Parting from the kind man，we headed for Zhaohua ancient town，distinguished for many historical（69）attractions（attract）．It is one of the（70）best（well） preserved sites featuring elements from the Three Kingdoms period（AD 220-280）．

13．There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care．To water his flowers，he used two buckets．One was a shiny and new bucket．The other was a very old and worn-out one，（61）which had seen many years of service，but was now past its best．
Every morning，the gardener would fill up the two buckets．Then he would carry them along the path，one on （62）eachside，to the flowerbeds．The new bucket was very proud of itself．It could carry a full bucket of water （63）withouta single drop spilled．The old bucket felt very （64）ashamed（shame） because of its holes：before it reached the flowerbeds，much water （65）had escaped（escape） from the holes．
Sometimes the new bucket would say，"See how capable I am!How good it is that the gardener has me to water the flowers every day!I don't know （66）why he still bothers with you．What a waste of space you are!"
And all that the old bucket could say was，"I know I'm not very useful，but I can only do my best．I'm happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of use in me，at least．"
One day，the gardener heard that kind of conversation．After （67）watering（water） the flowers as usual，he said，"You both have done your work very well．Now I am going to carry you back．I want you to look （68）carefully（careful） along the path．"
Then the two buckets did so．All along the path，they noticed，on the side where the new bucket （69）was carried（carry），there was just bare earth； on the other side where the old bucket passed，there was a （70）joyous（joy） row of wild flowers，leading all the way to the garden．

12．Beijing Opera is the quintessence（精髓）of China．It's the most well-known Chinese opera form．recognized as"Oriental Opera"．（61）Having/Witha history of 160years，it has created many"firsts"in Chinese（62）dramas（drama）：the abundance of repertoires，the number of artists，opera troupes and spectators．
Beijing Opera is（63）developed（develop）from adsorbing many（64）otherdramatic forms，mostly from the local drama"Huiban"（65）which/thatwas popular in South China during the（66）eighteenth/18th（eighteen） century．It is a scenic art uniting music，performance，literature，and face-painting into a whole．Certain rules are set up and regulations are standardized during many artists'long practice on stage．Different from regional plays，it is（67）stricter（strict） on the variety of the workmanship．The combination（68）ofvirtual and reality-a special technique of expression，keeps it（69）largely（large） free from the restriction of time and space on stage performance．Beijing Opera has had many interesting names since it（70）came（come） into being，such as Jinghuang Daxi，Pingju，Jingxi．

11．In the dead of winter，we don't typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should．The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health-Vitamin D．
This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other life-threatening diseases．The recommended daily requirement is 400-600 International Units （IU）．In summer，people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D．
Even during winter，just a 10-minute walk midday can keep the body's Vitamin D at healthy levels．During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible．
Vitamin D can also be obtained from foods．Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin．Egg yolks（蛋黄），cheese，mushrooms and some animals organs contain smaller quantities of it．
To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products．The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s．At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a Vitamin D deficiency（不足）．It made the children's bones soft and weak．Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem，and it has been available ever since．
For people who still need more Vitamin D，there is another option：take Vitamin D supplements（补充）．These products are widely sold in stores．However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first．

28．During the winter months，peopleC．
A．aren't able to meet their deadlines
B．often don't dress warmly enough
C．generally like to remain indoors
D．leave lots of work for others to do
29．According to the text，Vitamin DA．
A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun
B．can be used to cure life-threatening diseases
C．can be mainly found in some milk products
D．can make the children's bones soft and weak
30．Why is salmon mentioned in this article？B
A．It's seldom prepared in．the correct way．
B．It's a useful addition to a person's diet．
C．It has a huge impact on the environment．
D．Its advantages have been exaggerated．
31．The main purpose of this article isA．
A．to introduce a valuable nutrient
B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements
C．to note risks associated with a nutrien
tD．to explain how a nutrient was discovered．

10．In the 1860's，a girl named Jane Addams lived in a lovely house in Cedarville，Illinois．One morning，her dad，Mr．Addams，took Jane to a town near Cedarville．Jane stared at the houses with torn curtains．Children in rags played in the street．"These people are very poor，"explained Mr．Addams．"They can't afford nice houses．"
Jane thought，"When I grow up，I'm going to build an enormous house near these old houses．Then I can help these people．"
Even as a student at Rockford Female Seminary she and her friend Ellen Gates Starr often talked about helping the poor．"So many want to go to foreign lands and be missionaries，"Jane said．"Doesn't anyone think about the poor people at home？"
After seminary，Jane started medical school．But then she started having back problems．She was in such severe pain that she could hardly sit up．Finally，she quit school and had an operation．Her family suggested that she go to Europe to rest．
After two years，Jane returned home．She had seen a building in the slums（贫民窟）of London called a settlement house．Poor people could go there and find friends．It was like the house Jane had dreamed of．"My house will be in Chicago，"she told Ellen，"because in Chicago there are immigrants from so many places．They must be lonely．"
Finding a large house in the middle of a slum isn't easy．Jane and Ellen searched and searched，and finally，they saw a big brick house．It had belonged to a very wealthy man，Charles Hull，but now it was empty．
Miss Culver，Mr．Hull's cousin owned the house．"My cousin，"she explained，"always wanted to give back to Chicago．Perhaps this is my chance to make his wishes come true．I will only charge you a dollar a year for the place．"So Jane and Ellen happily paid the dollar．Then they started cleaning and painting the old mansion．Jane's other friends joined them，too．They invited children to come play there，and then a lady named Jenny Dow decided to set up a kindergarten．
The kindergarten grew，and other projects were started．Before long，Hull House was filled with people who laughed and talked and learned new things．

25．When she was young，Jane wished toA．
A．build a large house for the poor people
B．go abroad and become a missionary
C．have the slums repaired in Chicago
D．set up a kindergarten for the kids
26．Miss Culver charged only one dollar for the house becauseC．
A．Mr．Hull used to be a wealthy man
B．she wanted to return the house to Jane
C．she wanted to realize her cousin's wish
D．Jane agreed to paint and clean the house
27．One reason Jane decided to build her dream house in Chicago is thatD．
A．she spent her own childhood in the city
B．she wanted to make more friends in the city
C．she saw there were too many slums in the city
D．she wished to help the immigrants find more friends．

9．Who was the first person to reach the North Pole？The ice of the Arctic Ocean is sea，nor land，so whoever reached it first couldn't leave a flag or any other sign on it to provide evidence．The arguments are continuing today．
Here are three explorers who claimed they were the first to reach the North Pole．
Ahwelah，Cook Expedition
I joined Frederick Cook's expedition to the North Pole in August 1907．I am an Inuit and I know how to survive in the Arctic．We set off from Greenland in February 1908．By April we were close to the North Pole．It was hard；the ice was broken and we had to push the sleds up and down the walls of ice．However on 21April，Dr．Cook calculated our location with his scientific instruments and told us we were there．We were very happy，because we were really at the top of the world!
Matthew，Peary Expedition
When Robert Peary set out for the North Pole in 1908，I was proud to be chosen to join him．We set out from New York City on a hot day in July 1908，accompanied by sleds and dogs pulling our supplies．When we got to the North Pole in April 1909，we checked carefully with our scientific instruments．It was a great moment when we found we had made it．We hugged each other and jumped up and down with happiness．I knew this was true，because I was there．
Oscar，Amundsen Expedition
The great explorer Norwegian，Ronald Amundsen，was definitely the first to fly over the North Pole．In 1926，I was lucky to join him on an airship，the Norge，which flew across the North Pole on its way from Spitsbergen to Alaska．Amundsen took careful readings indicated by the instruments as we crossed the great white ocean，and when we reached the North Pole we all cheered and had a drink to celebrate．

21．It is difficult to decide who first reached the North Pole becauseB．
A．there were too many explorers
B．no signs were left on the North Pole
C．there was too much ice on the North Pole
D．no explorers ever claimed they were the first
22．Why was Ahwelah chosen to join the expedition？A
A．He knew how to survive the hard conditions．
B．He knew how to calculate their locations．
C．He was familiar with the sailing route．
D．He offered his scientific instruments．
23．Oscar insisted that he was among the first whoC．
A．sailed across Alaska
B．flew on an airship
C．flew over the North Pole
D．joined the Amundsen expedition
24．Which is the best title for this passage？D
A．The Mysterious Arctic Ocean
B．Stories of Exploring the Oceans
C．Witnesses of Historical Moments
D．Races to the North Pole．

8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的间用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多若（从第11处起）不计分．
Dear Ms Jenkins，
I'm Li Hua，a Senior 3 student from No.5 Secondary School．I would like offer my apology for being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday．
The reason is because I have got a cold，and the doctor suggests that I lay in bed for one week or OS．But don't worry．I have asked friend of me，Ham Meimei，to go there instead．She is very experiencing in making Chinese knots．She will drop in at your apartment at 9：00 on this Saturday morning．
Please allow me to say sorry again．I have the confidences that you can learn what to make Chinese knots．Wish you good time!
Yours，
Li Hua．

7．Scientists studying populations of gray wolves in the USA's Yellowstone National Park have developed a way to predict how changes in the environment will affect the animals'number，body size and genetics，amongst other biological features．
This study provides a powerful mathematical model to explore the connections between environmental change，changes in population size and recent rapid physical changes，such as the decrease in the number of animals like polar bears and Soay sheep．
This study provides a powerful mathematical mode to explore the connections between environmental change，changes in population size and recent rapid physical changes，such as the decrease in the number of animals like polar bears and Soay sheep．
"We know that climate change is having an effect o the lives of animal pieces around the world．This is clear through the changes we've seen in their population sizes，as well as their body sizes．However，what has not been so clear is what underlies these changes．This work provides a relatively easy way for biologists to investigate how，and why，environmental change influences both the ecology and near-term evolutionary future of species，"said Professor Tim Coulson，who led the study．
The scientists examined 15years of data about Yellowstone gray wolves'biological characteristics and demographics（人口统计数据）across a range of"good"years when wolves boomed，and"poorer"years when they did not．They were then able to investigate how the changing frequency of good and bad years influenced population size genetics，body size and the life history of Yellowstone wolves．
Their results showed that the wolf population was more greatly affected by consistent overall changes in the environment than it was by changes in the magnitude（量） of year-to-year fluctuation（波动）．Professor Coulson continued："We now have a way to predict with new detail how populations of many different animals will respond to environmental change，including those animals threatened with extinction．However，we simply don't have enough information about most of these species and their environments to confidently make such predictions．We urgently need more data if we are to understand how the natural world will be affected by continuing climate change．"

32．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．Scientists'study provides a method to find out why polar bears becomes fewer．
B．Climate change alone leads to changes in the animals''population sizes and body sizes．
C．The study is based on data about Gray wolves in the Yellowstone National park．
D．The research will save those animals in danger of extinction．
33．The word"underlies"in paragraph three can be replaced byB．
A．prevents
B．causes
C．reflects
D．introduces
34．We can learn from the passage thatD．
A．the change in the environment will reduce the number of gray wolves．
B．scientists discovered how different animals responded to environmental change．
C．information about different species and their environments is very easy to collect．
D．scientists will continue their study on gray wolves to get more information．
35．Which can be the best title of the passage？B
A．The relationship between climate change and annals．
B．Wolves help predict climate effects on animals．
C．Fifteen year's hard work-a study about gray wolves．
D．Uncover the secrets of animates and their environments．

6．British shoppers buy 2.15 million tons of clothing and shoes annually，yet UK citizens have an estimated?30billon worth of unused clothing at the back of the wardrobe．But new technology could see the end of tat，with the garments（衣服） themselves reminding the owners of their existence．
"Smart clothes"could help us clear out our wardrobes by sending messages or tweeting（发推文）us if they haven't been worn for a good while．If these messages are ignored，the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be．Reused，with an organization automatically sending out donation in formation．They could be programmed for a public sale where they are sold to whoever offers the highest price on eBay．
Academics at Birmingham，City University are developing the"connected wardrobe"to encourage more suitable clothes consumption．The concept sees garments tagged（贴标签），using washable contactless technology．
Mark Brill，senior lecturer at the university，said，"Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items that they didn't know were in their wardrobe．""The connected wardrobe is a practical pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption．Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption，"he added．"Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of‘ownership'of clothing．When we've worn them enough，the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper．"
It follows in the footsteps of the"Internet of Things"-a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information．Now，the"Internet of Clothes"will see that neglected garments will tweet and text the owners，"asking"to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear．Clothes will keep track of other information，such as who owned them previously，as well as how much they originally cost，who made them and how much the worker was paid for them．

28．What does the author say about"smart clothes"？D
A．They may be donated on e
Bay．B．They have gained in popularity．
C．They give warnings if worn out．
D．They may be recycled if long forgotten．
29．How does Mark Brill find the"connected wardrobe"？C
A．It helps people buy clothes at reasonable prices．
B．It changes people's shopping habits．
C．It contributes to right consumption attitude．
D．It improves shoppers'confidence．
30．What is suggested in the last paragraph？D
A．The Internet is a platform to share items．
B．Weather affects the connected wardrobe．
C．Clothes are sold online at a low price．
D．Clothes can be source of information．
31．What's the author's attitude to the new technology？C
A．Critical．
B．Uninterested．
C．Approving．
D．Skeptical．

5．There is plenty of complains about how social media-texting in particular-may be harming children's social development．But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging（IM'ing）and texting among teens may also provide benefits，particularly for those who are introverted（内向的）．
British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens．The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study．In 100 of these chats，the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness or anger．The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral（中立的）．After the chat，participants reported about a 20% reduction in their distress--not enough to completely eliminate it，but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out．
"Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being，"the authors write，noting that previous research has shown that people assigned to talk to a stranger either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings，but even more with IM．And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face，implying a strengthening of their bond．
Why would digital communication trump human contact？The reasons may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may consider as embarrassing．Studies also show that the anonymity（匿名） of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safety．Previous research has shown that expressive writing itself can"vent"emotions and provide a sense of relief--and doing so，knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend，may provide even more comfort and potentially be helpful．This is what the Internet offers：the change to connect---but in measured doses（剂量）and from behind a screen．

27．What can we learn from the passage？A
A．Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling upset
B．Instant messaging can help completely remove teens'negative emotions
C．Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel happy
D．Constant instant messaging can help teens value their negative emotions
28．The underlined word"vent"in paragraph 4most probably meansC．
A．develop
B．maintain
C．release
D．hide
29．What does the digital communication enable users to do？D
A．Find more sympathetic friends
B．Share and discuss more information
C．Produce more expressive writings
D．Avoid embarrassment and discomfort
30．What can be concluded from the new study by British researchers？C
A．American teens are extensive instant messaging users
B．Instant messaging will prevent children's social development
C．Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging
D．Teens feeling bad often feel closer to real-life friends than to the net friends．

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