15．Based on the principle that each student should develop his full potential .the school ——青夏教育精英家教网—

15．Based on the _________ principle that each student should develop his full potential （潜力），the school provides courses at different levels as well as individual courses．（　　）

11．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Today our class have an outing to Dayan Mountain but we really had a wonderful time．
We set off by bikes from our school on time at 6：00in the morning，but it was foggy．We arrived to the foot of the mountain at about 7．After a short rest，we began to climb the mountain，that took us about two hours．By the time we made it to the top，the fog has already cleared．So we had a great fun enjoying the beautiful scenery，take photos，and exploring wild plants．
The outing provided us a good chance to build up our health and get closely to nature．

10．Are you about to go to college？Or maybe you and your family have just moved and you are starting a new school？Lots of situations arise where you （61）are forced（force） to make new friends，（62）whichis a great thing!（63）However，it's important to stay in touch with your old friends as well!
While moving to a new town or starting a new school can be upsetting，you can（64）successfully（success） handle it by making new friends!But it's much（65）harder （hard） to keep （66）in touch with your old ones!An extra phone call or text message to say you are thinking of them will really make a （67）difference （different）!
Making a special effort to visit your old friends is important．Whether you are close enough to visit each other once a month or only once a year，it's important to make those visits count!（68）Planning （plan） a yearly reunion around the holidays is always a good idea!It gives you something to look forward to，making your time apart seem shorter!
So when you are having fun with your new friends，don't forget about the old ones．You（69）had（have） great time with them too，and don't forget （70）to remind（remind） them about those great memories once in a while!

9．When you're a parent to a young child，you spend a lot of time talking about feelings：about having to share，about being disappointed because you may not have a cookie instead of broccoli （绿花椰菜），about the great injustice of a parent pressing the elevator button before the child has a chance to．
And in a parenting culture that's increasingly concerned with centering children's needs above all else，mothers and fathers have become skillful at talking about their kids'feelings while masking their own．But new research suggests that parents who hide their negative emotions are doing their children，and themselves harm．
A study published this month says that when parents put on a faux-happy （假开心） face for their kids，they do damage to their own sense of wellbeing and authenticity．
"For the average parent the findings suggest when they attempt to hide their negative emotion expression and overexpress their positive emotions with their children，it actually comes at a cost：doing so may lead parents to feel worse themselves，"researcher Dr Emily Impett，says．
It makes sense that parents often fall back on amping up （扩大） the positivity for the sake of their children-there are a lot of things in the world we want to protect our kids from．But children are often smarter than we expect and are quite in tune with what the people closest to them-their parents-are feeling．
There was a time about a year or so ago，for example，when I received some bad news over the phone； I was home with my four-year-old and so I did my best to put on a brave face．She knew immediately something was wrong though，and was confused．
When I finally let a few tears out and explained that Mom heard something sad about a friend，she was，of course，just fine．My daughter patted my shoulder，gave me a hug，and went back to playing．She felt better that she was able to help me，and the moment made a lot more sense to her emotionally than a smiling mom holding back sobs．I was glad that I could feel sad momentarily and not have to work hard to hide that．
Relaying positive feelings to your children when you don't feel them is a move the researchers called high cost-that it may seem like the most beneficial to your child at the time but that parents should find other ways of communicating emotions that"allow them to feel true to themselves"．
But this is also about children seeing the world in a more honest way．While we will want to protect our children from things that aren't age-appropriate or harmful，it's better to raise a generation of kids who understand that moms and dads are people too．

32．What is the typical behavior of parents when they bring up their children？C
A．Allowing their children chances to do things themselves．
B．Expressing their dissatisfaction with their children．
C．Hiding their true emotions from their children．
D．Sharing their favorite food with their children．
33．If parents put on a faux-happy face，D．
A．their children will be protected
B．their children will be taken in
C．they will feel happy as a result
D．they will undergo worse feelings
34．The author mentioned the example of her daughter to illustrateB．
A．children are not so clever as parents think
B．children can often understand parents'true feelings
C．it's meaningful for parents to always look positive
D．it's necessary to expose children to harmful things
35．We can conclude from the passage thatB．
A．protecting children from age-inappropriate things is important
B．it makes sense for children to know their parents'negative feelings
C．children will admire their parents more because of being protected
D．separation from negative feelings helps children see the world honestly．

8．We all use money every day．It is essential because we can pay money for whatever we want．Money is recognized as banknotes and coins．
However，many years ago people couldn't go to the shop and buy what they wanted．They had to get what they wanted through the barter trade（实物交易）．It was really difficult，for the barter often depended on coincidence of wants．For example，the seller of grain has to find a buyer who wants to buy grain and who also could offer something the seller wants to buy．And one more example，if a wheat farmer needs what a fruit farmer produces，a direct exchange is impossible because seasonal fruit would spoil before the grain harvest．The solution is to trade fruit for wheat indirectly through a third intermediate commodity（中间的商品），such as cattle，salt，shells，wine．However，commodity money had their disadvantages．For example，cattle，fur，precious stones couldn't be cut into smaller pieces and it was inconvenient to keep and transport them．Thus coins were invented．
The earliest known coins in the western world came from Lydia in about 650B．C．Greek cities，the Great Persian Empire and Roman Empire quickly adopted the new useful technique of metal currency．And by the end of the 6th century，coinages were common throughout the region．However，coins as well as commodity money had many disadvantages．For instance，coins quickly show wear（磨损） and they usually have small value，so it's difficult to count large sums of coins．
At first，paper money was used in China in about 650A．D．After then，it was used in Persia and Japan．In Europe，paper money was firstly produced in the Netherlands in the 16th century and in the USA in the 17th century．Paper money is worthless but symbolic．In other words，paper money is just a note．It has a purchasing power because the government announces it as money and citizens accept it universally．

28．The writer explains the difficulty of barter trade byB．
A．telling stories
B．using examples
C．presenting a theory
D．making a comparison
29．What do we know about the early coins？C
A．They usually had large value．
B．They were first used in Greece．
C．They still had many disadvantages．
D．People didn't like the metal currency．
30．Paper money was used earlier inD．
A．Rome
B．Greece
C．the USA
D．the Netherlands
31．What is the passage mainly about？B
A．Function of money．
B．History of money．
C．Invention of money．
D．Types of money．

7．New research shows that kids from low-income families may be falling behind their peers because an important part of their brains is underdeveloped．
Researchers from MIT's McGovern Institute for Brain Research compared the brains of 12-and 13-year-olds from rich families with the brains of their peers from lower-income families．They found that one particular area of the brain-the neocortex（新皮质），which plays a key role in memory and learning ability-is thinner in children from lower-income households．
This is a   crucial  part of the brain for young students，who are often tested based on their ability to recall large chunks of information．Children who had a thinner neocortex performed poorly on standardized tests，researchers found．More than 90% of high-income students scored above average on a statewide math and English/Language Arts standardized test，compared with less than 60% of low-income students．Differences in cortical（脑皮层） thickness could account for almost half of the income-achievement gap in this sample，researchers wrote．
"Just as you would expect，there's a real cost not living in a supportive environment．We can see it not only in test scores，in educational attainment，but within the brains of these children，"says psychological scientist John Gabrieli，a professor of brain and cognitive sciences at MIT and one of the study's authors．
Since a 2011study published by Stanford University professor Sean Reardon found that the gap between standardized test scores of high-income and low-income students has grown by about 40% since the 1960s，there's been a lot of research aimed at finding links between income and achievement，rather than race alone．The MIT study found low-income children were equally likely to have a thinner neocortex，no matter their races．
Gabrieli and his co-authors can't say exactly why poor children's brains develop differently because there are too many possibilities to count．Their findings do，however，underline the importance of early intervention（干预） to ensure that low-income kids get the tools they need to succeed．

24．What's the function of the first paragraph？D
A．To list some findings．
B．To give some advice．
C．To do some comparisons．
D．To show the main idea of the text．
25．What does the underlined word"crucial"in Paragraph 3mean？B
A．Special．       B．Important．
C．Separate．       D．Unknown．
26．What John Gabrieli says in Paragraph 4mainly shows the importance ofD．
A．cognitive ability
B．educational attainment
C．having developed brains
D．living in supportive surroundings
27．What is the main idea of the passage？D
A．Wealthy parents do better in raising children．
B．Differences exist between poor children and rich ones．
C．Poor children study harder due to their financial conditions．
D．Poor children have thinner neocortex than their wealthy peers．

6．•American Malinois （玛伦牧羊犬）
We have extra large，strong and healthy puppies born on May 29，2014and raised on 2.5acres fenced in Williston Highlands by American Malinois Foundation．
They are not caged or home-raised Malinois．They have taken swimming training and full exercise routine with their parents to make sure they know how to guard themselves and other things this breed can do．I work specifically on the ones which have service dog qualities．
My ideal buyer would be a disabled person in need of a mobile or medical alert service dog．The American Malinois is a working dog and is most content to bond with one person and only follow this person's orders．Potential owners should be familiar or experienced with this breed．
My fee represents the cost of feeding，grooming，boarding，training，medical and registration with the CKC（Continental Kennel Club）．Puppies will have health certificates from vets．
To see videos of the puppies and their parents，go to YouTube and search：American Malinois Foundation．
•Mini Schnauzers（雪纳瑞犬）
We have 4males and 4females．Our puppies come with a health guarantee．They are trained and all of them have great personalities and would be a great addition to any home．These puppies are for pets only．To keep our bloodlines pure，we do not allow our puppies to be bred．We have been breeding for over 13years and we only breed Mini Schnauzers．They are the best dogs．They are very smart．We will not ship our puppies．We have had people drive over 1500miles to purchase our babies．
Tel：805-216-2753

21．From Paragraph 3，we can infer that the American Malinois isD．
A．lonely B．active
C．experienced D．loyal
22．Which of the following can be used to describe Mini Schnauzers？C
A．Socialized and cute．
B．Clever and brave．
C．Healthy and clever．
D．Professional and strong．
23．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？B
A．To show two kinds of dogs he loves．
B．To advertise two kinds of dogs on sale．
C．To show that dogs are our best friends．
D．To prove that dogs are well-trained．

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