12．I was desperately nervous about becoming car-free．But eight months ago our car was hit by a passi——青夏教育精英家教网—

12．I was desperately nervous about becoming car-free．But eight months ago our car was hit by a passing vehicle and it was destroyed．No problem，I thought：we'll buy another．But the insurance payout didn't even begin to cover the costs of buying a new car-I worked out that，with the loan （贷款） we'd need plus petrol，insurance，parking permits and tax，we would make a payment as much as£600 a month．
And that's when I had my fancy idea．Why not just give up having a car at all？I live in London．We have a railway station behind our house，a tube station 10 minutes'walk away，and a bus stop at the end of the street．A new car club had just opened in our area，and one of its shiny little red Peugeots was parked nearby．If any family in Britain could live without a car，I reasoned，then surely we were that family．
But my new car-free idea，sadly，wasn't shared by my family．My teenage daughters were horrified．What would their friends think about our family being"too poor to afford a car"？（I wasn't that bothered what they thought，and I suggested the girls should take the same approach．）
My friends，too，were ast onished at our plan．What would happen if someone got seriously ill overnight and needed to go to hospital？（an ambulance） How would the children get to and from their many events？（buses and trains） People smiled as though this was another of my mad ideas，before saying they were sure I'd soon realize that a car was a necessity．
Eight months on，I wonder whether we'll ever own a car again．The idea that you"have to"own a car，especially if you live in a city，is all in the mind．I live-and many other citizens do too-in a place that has never been better served by public transport，and yet car ownership has never been higher．We worry about rising car costs，but we'd be better off asking something much more basic：do I really need a car？Certainly the answer is no，and I'm a lot richer because I dared to ask the question．
24．The author decided to live a car-free life partly becauseC．
A．most families chose to go car-free
B．he was hurt in a terrible car accident
C．the cost of a new car was too much
D．the traffic jam was unbearable for him
25．What is the attitude of t he author's family toward his plan？B
A．Supportive．
B．Disapproving．
C．Optimistic．
D．Unconcerned．
26．What did the au thor suggest his daughters do about their friends'opinion？D
A．Argue against it．
B．Take their advice．
C．Think it over．
D．Leave it alone．
27．What conclusion did the author draw after the eight-month car-free life？C
A．Life cannot go without a car．
B．Life without a car is a little bit hard．
C．His life gets improved without a car．
D．A car-free life does not suit everyone．

11．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词作斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
I was playing at my cousin house．Since his family was rich than mine，he had more toys than I did．There was that I'd always wanted．I put it into my pocket when he wasn't looking．I guessed，even at that age，I would never able to enjoy playing with the toy or faced my cousin again； I would always know I'd done something wrong．Late on，my aunt drove me to home．When she dropped me off，I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back．She knows what had happened，but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again．

10．My wife and I used to feel that it was impossible to be a true friend to someone whose name we didn't know．How wrong we were!Years of Sunday-morning bus trips through the city with the same group of"nameless"people have changed our thinking．?
Before the bus takes off，we all join in a conversation：where's the silent woman who sits up front and never responds to our cheery greetings？Here she comes．Her worn clothing suggests she doesn't have much money to spare，but she always takes an extra cup of coffee for the driver．?
We get smiles from a Mexican couple as they get on the bus hand in hand．When they get off，they're still holding hands．The woman was pregnant late last year，and one day her change of shape confirmed that she'd delivered the child．We even felt a little pride at the thought of our extended family．?
For many months，our only sadness lay in our inability to establish the same friendship with the silent woman at the front of the bus．Then，one evening，we went to a fish restaurant．We were shown to a table alongside someone sitting alone．It was the woman from the bus．?
We greeted her with friendly familiarity we'd shown all year，but this time her face softened，then a shy smile．When she spoke，the words escaped awkwardly from her lips．All at once we realized why she hadn't spoken to us before．Talking was hard for her．?
Over dinner，we learned the stay of a single mother with a disabled son who was receiving special care away from home．She missed him desperately，she explained．?
"I love him…and he loves me，even though he doesn't express it very well，"she murmured．"Lots of us have that problem，don't we？We don't say what we want to say，what we should be saying．And that's not good enough．"?
The candles flared on our tables．Our fish had never tasted better．But the atmosphere grew pleasant，and when we parted as friends-we shared names．
28．Which of the following might be the best title of this passage？A
A．Friends of the Road
B．The Silent Woman on the Bus
C．Going to Work by Bus
D．Different Kinds of Friendship
29．All the following statements can describe the woman exceptA．
A．cold      B．warm-hearted       C．silent         D．poor
30．The underlined word"establish"in the fourth passage probably has the same meaning asC．
A．keep         B．discover        C．set up         D．accept
31．Why did the woman usually keep silence while taking the bus？C
A．She was worried about her disabled son．
B．She was sad to see the happy Mexican couple us a single mother．
C．She had difficulty in expressing herself．
D．She was only interested in the bus driver．

9．假如你是李华，你的网友Tom即将外出旅行，请你根据以下提示，用英语给他写封电子
邮件，向他介绍你对旅游的看法并提醒他旅行注意事项．
1．旅游是一种非常好的活动．
2．旅行前的准备：了解天气，带好衣服…
3．旅行时注意饮食卫生和安全，防止小偷．
要求：1．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，不得逐句翻译；
2．词数：100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数．
Dear Tom，
I'm glad to hear that you are going to travel．Now I'd like to share my view on travelling with you．

Yours，LiHua．

8．My friend BJ Gallagher told me a great story recently，about her own experience with resentment （愤恨）．She once worked as the training manager for a large newspaper，where she found the corporate culture extremely frustrating．The company was a hundred years old and their past success had blinded them to the need for change．Finally，after butting heads with several senior executives （主管） many times，she left the company．But she found that she hadn't left her resentment，frustration，and anger behind when she resigned．
"I finally decided to write about my experiences and my feelings at the newspaper．I wanted to be rid of that company and those people，once and for all．So I wrote and I wrote．It wasn't just a story that poured out； it was a whole book!We called it A peacock in the Land of Penguins．I was the peacock and those newspaper executives were the penguins．"
"It took me several more years to finally get over my negative emotions．Through a lot of soul-searching and reflection，I finally was able to let go of my resentment．I came to see that there was nothing personal in the way they treated me，and they were good people doing what they thought best for the company．I was the one who had made it personal．I thought they were making my life miserable on purpose．"
"Finally，the time came when I decided to make amends （弥补） for the sharp，angry things I had said about the company．I invited my former boss to dinner and made my apology．It was a great healing process for me．I finally felt free of the resentment that had been eating me up．"
"What was the final outcome？"I asked her．
"Gratitude，"she replied．"Not only wasn't I resentful any more，I was grateful to the company．If I hadn't had those painful experiences，I would never have written a book．And the book became hugely successful-now published in 21languages； it transformed my business．"

67．What made BJ Gallagher frustrated in the company？B
A．Unfair treatment by the senior executives．
B．The culture and tradition of the company．
C．The strict rules in the company．
D．Her low position in the company．
68．Why did BJ Gallagher write about her experiences and feelings at the company？D
A．To make peace with the executives．
B．To make suggestions to the company．
C．To do soul-searching and reflection．
D．To express her anger．
69．What does the underlined part"butting heads with"in Paragraph 1probably mean？C
A．making friends with B．working with
C．arguing with D．spending time with
70．BJ Gallagher finally felt grateful to the company becauseC．
A．she was forgiven by her former executives
B．she was accepted by the company again
C．her painful experiences there was valuable for her
D．she learned how to forgive others．

7．The technology，in my opinion，could have _______ in such fields as military，medicine and public safety．（　　）

6．If you are studying at school，do be a polite and clever student!There is no excuse for not doing your assignments（作业）．If you can't come to school，you should call your teacher or your classmate and ask about homework．It is your responsibility to find out what homework you have missed．It is not the teacher's job to remind you of the missed assignments．
You must not be absent on a test day．If you are seriously ill，call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test．If your teacher allows a make-up test，you should take the test again within one or two days after you return to class．Serious illness is the only reason for missing a test．
Be on time!It is impolite to be late．Also，it bothers other students．If you must come in late，be sure to do it quietly．Have your books and papers out of your bag before you come into the room．Then go to your seat and sit down quietly．In the USA，it is not necessary to knock before you enter the classroom．Most teachers will give you a low grade if you are often late．
In America，you should call your teacher by his or her last name instead of"teacher"．Also you should use Mr，Miss，Ms or Mrs before the last name （such as Mrs Smith or Mr Jones）．This is polite．The teacher will tell you the title that he or she likes．It is impolite in the USA to eat，drink or chew gum during class．Don't do these until the break．Also，removing your shoes in the classroom is not polite．

66．What should you do if you miss a class？D
A．Give an excuse for missing the assignments．
B．Tell the teacher you can't come to school or do the assignments．
C．Ask your teacher to remind you of the missed assignments．
D．Call your teacher or your classmate to find out what assignments were given．
67．What does"a make-up test"in Paragraph 2refer to？C
A．A test for all students．
B．A test for the students with low scores．
C．A test for the students missing the last test．
D．A test for whoever missed the last test．
68．When can a student miss a test according to the passage？D
A．When he/she is late for the test．
B．When he/she failed another test．
C．When he/she doesn't want to have the test．
D．When he/she is really sick．
69．In America，if your teacher's name is Susan Black，what should you call her politely？A
A．Mrs Black．
B．Ms Susan．
C．Susan Black．
D．Teacher Black．
70．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？C
A．A student is thought to be impolite when he/she takes off his/her shoes in the classroom．
B．A student is thought to be impolite when he/she eats and drinks in class．
C．When a student is late for class，he/she must knock before he/she enters the classroom．
D．A student is thought to be impolite when he/she doesn't come for class on time．

5．World travel has moved on to a new level as new websites spring up to enable travelers to plan their trips online．Virtual tourism is the latest name of the game and although relatively new，has seen some tourism websites grow to host over one-million users．
Typically，this development features a website that contains the answers to almost any tourism question．Tips and information are not provided by a single source，such as the website host，but rather from travelers themselves-often in the thousands．This has proven to be exceptionally beneficial for would-be travelers who are seeking infomtation on questions such as where to find the best museum or beach； whether it is better to tour Brussels with a bicycle or on foot； and which exchange rate bureaus are available in Italy．Questions about food and restaurants； tourist spots； safety； accommodation； and others are all answered．In addition，posted tips promote better preparation，such as what to pack when heading for Sicily（西西里岛）．
Apart from the useful tips，visual images and virtual tours have also been made available．If you'd like to visit the Eiffel Tower，it's a good idea to view the surrounding areas； to pick a safer train route； or to know that it's very close to the Seine River and that a walk along it would enhance the experience．
Virtual tours have sprung up globally．In South Africa，John Gore established the Virtual Tour Guide in November last year．On his blog，Gore was quoted a saying，"The world is panoramic（全景的）．"'We are able to tum our heads and look in all directions and get a feel for where we are，but the typical photograph cannot show or describe that experience completely．"However，there is ananswer-technology makes it possible to share the world around us in a 360degree panoramic way，which really makes the viewer feel as though he or she is really there．

67．Why is virtual tourism more and more popular？B
A．Online games are more and more attractive．
B．Many new websites appear and develop fast．
C．More and more people want to travel abroad．
D．It helps travelers save as much money as possible．
68．From the second paragraph we knowD
A．we can solve any problem on websites
B．websites offer all the tips and information
C．we can get all our questions answered online
D．we can get many tips about tourism on websites
69．What does the underlined word"sprung up"most probably mean？A
A．Appeared． B．Moved． C．Competed． D．Reduced．
70．What makes us see the world in a panoramic way？C
A．Information． B．Photograph． C．Technology． D．Virtual images．

4．微信朋友圈已经成为非常受欢迎的社交平台．最近你班针对"是否父母应该被允许看你的微信朋友圈"这一话题开展讨论，大家发表了不同的看法．请根据下面所给内容，反映讨论情况并表达自己的观点．

不同观点	理由
30%支持	1、青少年缺乏社会经验，需要父母的指导． 2、不允许父母参与，可能使代沟越来越来大，而允许父母参与微信朋友圈可以帮助父母与子女沟通并且使关系更加亲近．
70% 反对	1、每个人需要隐私，假如父母允许父母看，我们将没有自己的密秘． 2、微信朋友圈是我们和同龄朋友交流平台，如果允许父母看我们的微信圈，我们将无法自由的和朋友由分享我们的想法．
你的观点	发表你自己的看法．

注意：1．词数120左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
2．参考词汇：微信朋友圈 the Moments of WeChat 参与 involvement
隐私 privacy 代沟 generation gap．

3．People laugh and people cry．But it is thought that emotions such as anger，or joy，typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed．The shedder of tears（落泪者）is likely to apologize，even when a great tragedy was the cause．The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional tears．But judging from recent studies of crying behavior，both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive（适得其反）．
Humans are the only animals clearly known to shed emotional tears．Since evolution has given rise to few purposeless physiological responses，it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that increase survival．
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to ask for assistance from others（as a crying baby might from its mother），the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help．Vocal（出声的）cries would have been quite enough，more likely than tears to gain attention．So，it appears that there must be something special about tears themselves．
Indeed，the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in easing stress．University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently separated two important chemicals from emotional tears．Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion．Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance．
Other researchers are looking into the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs．At Tulane University's Tear Analysis Laboratory Dr．Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse，to study the causes of"dry eye"syndrome（综合征）and the effects of eye surgery，and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants．

60．What does the underlined phrase"both those responses"in Paragraph1refer to？D
A．Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness．
B．The embarrassment and unpleasant feelings of the observers．
C．Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears．
D．The tear shedder's apology and the observer's effort to stop the crying．
61．It is known from the first paragraph thatA．
A．shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to Americans
B．crying may often result in tragedy
C．crying usually wins sympathy from other people
D．one who sheds tears in public will be blamed
62．What does the author say about crying？C
A．It is a pointless physiological response to the environment．
B．It must have a role to play in man's survival．
C．It is meant to get attention and assistance．
D．It usually produces the desired effect．
63．From the passage we can infer thatB．
A．it is unnatural for people to shed tears
B．we can reduce our stress by shedding tears
C．shedders of tears can't get help by crying loudly
D．unlike animals，humans can shed tears for survival．

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