14．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year．( )A．carried onB——青夏教育精英家教网—

13．Pisco is a city on the Peruvian coast，the home of Peruvian grape liquor（酒） Pisco has not only given its name to Peru's national drink，but it is also the centre of its production．
Pisco has its origins in the 16th-century Spanish conquests（征服） of Latin America and particularly Peru and Chile．There the settlers found fertile land suitable for growing grapes．These vineyards（葡萄园） were so successful that soon the settlers were exporting crops back to Europe．
At first，grapes not suitable for making wines were distilled（蒸馏，提取） into a drink，and it soon became popular with sailors who began taking bottles with them back to Europe．They named it after the town where it was bought，Pisco，which in turn had been used to name the round pot that was used to store the liquor．
In the 19th century Pisco became a popular drink with the miners who flooded to San Francisco during the Gold Rush，and in the 1940s it again became a fashionable drink in New York and Hollywood．Production gradually spread from Peru to Chile．
However，Pisco is also the topic of heated arguments between Peru and Chile，both of which claim to have invented it．They may fight bitterly over who first distilled the drink，but the rules and regulations they have placed on its production have ensured that only top quality Pisco hits the liquor store shelves．
Nowadays，Pisco is produced using both ancient and modern techniques and can be enjoyed in its pure form or used to prepare various cocktails，such as the well-known"Pisco Sour"．This is served in the best restaurants in Latin America and throughout the world．It can also be mixed with other liqueurs，fruit juice or soft drinks．The main markets for Pisco are currently the United States，Chile，Costa Rica，Venezuela and Canada．

45．It can be learned from the passage that Pisco refers to the following exceptB．
A．a city B．a sailor C．a pot D．a drink
46．The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph impliesC．
A．Peru and Chile has been fighting for the American market of Pisco
B．It makes no difference who has invented Pisco as long as it is popular
C．Both Peru and Chile have set strict production rules to produce a quality drink
D．Pisco is produced using both ancient and modern techniques from two countries
47．What's the best title for this passage？A
A．An Introduction to Pisco B．The Production of Pisco
C．The Origin of Pisco D．A History Lesson of Pisco．

12．Claustrophobia
Claustrophobia，or fear of enclosed spaces，is one of the most common fears．Claustrophobia can be deep fear or even panic as a result of being in a small space．
Claustrophobia can develop after a troubling childhood experience （ such as being trapped in a small space during a childhood game），or from another unpleasant experience later on in life related to small spaces （ such as being stuck in a lift）．（71）DThis response then becomes programmed in the brain，making an association between being in a tight space and feeling anxious or out-of-control．As a result，the person often develops claustrophobia．
According to Mark Powers，Ph．D．，Associate Professor of Psychology at Southern Methodist University，"Claustrophobia is a specific fear and not a type of panic disorder．The primary specific danger forecasts for claustrophobia are that either the person will be trapped or run out of air．"
（72）GClaustrophobia symptoms can include：sweating，accelerated heartbeat，upset stomach，passing out，light-headedness，shaking，breathing problem，etc．
Some common situations can cause anxiety in claustrophobia sufferers．The claustrophobia sufferer will look for an exit when inside a room，avoid driving on the highway or major roads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car，avoid taking lifts when inside a building，or stand near a door when at a party．（73）E
Claustrophobia can have harmful social and psychological effects，since the patient will often avoid situations in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack，leading to hiding and sadness．
（74）A According to Dr．Powers，"Exposure treatment，a form of mind-behavioral treatment，usually results in a total reduction in anxiety symptoms if conducted properly．"
Flooding is a type of exposure treatment in which the person is exposed to a situation until the anxiety attack passes； a less extreme form of exposure treatment is counter-conditioning．Counter conditioning includes behavior treatment，as the person is taught visualization and relaxation techniques before being slowly reintroduced to the cause situation．
（75）FMedications to help treat claustrophobia include things which help to ease the heart pounding often associated with anxiety attacks．

A．The good news is that claustrophobia is very treatable．
B．The past experience can trace back to the moment of birth．
C．According to some doctors，claustrophobia is worse than the fear of heights．
D．When a person experiences such an event，it can often cause a frightening panic attack．
E．In extreme cases，the very sight of a closed door can lead to feelings of anxiety in a person．
F．Treatment for claustrophobia can also include medication or a combination of several treatments．
G．When a person with claustrophobia finds herself in a restricted space，her body responds in certain ways．

11．

68．If the Smiths with their 11-year-old son want to join in the 2012 Summer Surf Camp，they'd better go there onC．
    A．June 10^thB．June 23^nd       C．July 22^nd       D．July 29^th
69．Who is fit to take part in Session 5 and Session 8？D
    A．Mr．Johnson and his wife．           B．A couple without children．
    C．Mr．Black and his 19-year-old son． D．Mrs．Black and her 21-year-old daughter．
70．This text is most probably taken from aA．
    A．website        B．book           C．newspaper      D．magazine
71．According to the advertisement，C．
    A．a couple can sign up and join in the Camp by fax
    B．the campers are supervised all day
    C．parents can take part in Session 3 together with their children
    D．an adult can join in 2012 Summer Surf Camp on any day in June Surf Camp-Session 1．

10．The last thirty years the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress．Until today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all．（　　）

	A．	saw；which		B．	see；where
	C．	are seeing；in which		D．	have seen；where

9．Today，paper-making is a big business．But it is still possible to make paper by hand，since the steps are the same as using big machines．
You should use paper with small amounts of printing．Old envelopes are good for this reason．Colored paper also can be used，as well as small amounts of newspaper．Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added．These should be cut into pieces about five centimeters by five centimeters．
Everything is placed in a container，covered with water and brought to a boil．It is mixed for about two hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool．Then it is left until most of the water dries up．The substance left，called pulp（纸浆），can be stored until you are ready to make paper．
When you are ready，the pulp is mixed with water again．Then the pulp is poured into a mold．The mold is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper．To help dry the paper，the mold lets the water flow through the small wire squares．
After several more drying steps，the paper is carefully lifted back from the mold．It is now strong enough to be touched．
The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air．You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes．

24．It is suggested that we"should choose paper with small amounts of printing"toA
A．make paper by ourselves               B．renew the old envelopes
C．make various colored paper            D．create our own newspaper
25．Whether the paper is strong enough to be touched is determined byC．
A．how long the pulp is stored            B．how thick the paper is
C．how much water remains                D．what type of chemicals are used
26．When the paper is lifted from the mold，it is time toA．
A．make it smooth                       B．make it strong
C．decorate it                          D．use an iron
27．The passage is most probably intended toB．
A．introduce the history of paper-making
B．describe the process of paper-making
C．compare the ancient with the modern paper-making
D．argue about the possibility of paper-making by hand．

8．假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Christine is just one of the girl in my class．I never know much about her except for that she is strange．She doesn't talk many．Her hair is black and purple and she wear black sports shoes．The strange thing is that she wears black sweater all the year round，even on summer．She is，in fact，rather attractively and she never seems to cared what the rest of us think about her．As other classmates，I seldom talk to her with doubt how Christine dresses the way she does．

7．During her junior year of high school，Diane Ray's teacher handed her a worksheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life． Ray pretended to buy a car，rent an apartment，and apply for a credit card． Then，she and her classmates played the"stock market game"，investing（投资） the hypothetical（虚拟的） earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the disastrous fall of 2008．"Our pretend investments crashed，"Ray says，still frightened．"We got to know how it felt to lose money．"
That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach． Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level，teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes． Though it's too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条），the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007when bank failures started to occur regularly． Now，many states including Missouri，Utah，and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school． School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school，and about 300colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students．"These classes really say，'This is how you live independently，'"says Ted Beck，president of National Endowment for Financial Education．
Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills，these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money：Don't spend what you don't have． Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account，and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains． For Ray，this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills，spending and saving．"Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend，"she says one weekday after school．"That is the big takeaway．"
Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs'goals，but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term． It's easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars． But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod．"Investing and retirement aren't things teenagers are thinking about． For them，the future is this weekend，"says Gayle Whitefield，a business and marketing teacher at Uth's Riverton High School．
That's a big goal for these classes：preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving，spending，and debt．Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4.2percent，that's still a far distance from 1982，when Americans saved 11.2percent of their incomes．"It's hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt．It's like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them，"Beck says．
Even with these challenges，students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile．After Ray finished her financial class，she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college．"She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world，"says her mother，Darleen-and that's sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes．All of this talk of money can make Ray worry，she says，but luckily，she feels prepared to face it．

50．The"stock market game"mentioned in Paragraph 1is meant toB．
A．introduce a new course to students
B．help students learn about investment
C．teach how to apply for a credit card
D．encourage students'personal savings
51．How does the writer show us that schools'interest in teaching financial classes has increased in paragraph 2A
A．By giving examples．
B．By providing data．
C．By raising questions．
D．By making comparisons．
52．According to the passage，taking money-management courses willB．
A．better students'learning methods
B．prevent students going into debt
C．help students get accepted by colleges
D．make students become very wealthy
53．After completing the financial class，Diane Ray is likely toB．
A．pay off all her debts．
B． handle her money better
C．find a job in a bank．
D． manage the family income
54． The passage is mainly aboutC．
A．ways to teach students to earn money
B．how Diane Ray learns to value money
C．the push to teach personal finance in school
D．how students choose a proper financial class．

6．Picture a library without books？Well，I can't．Ever since I was little l would go to the library and take out numerous books． From picture books to beginning chapter books to YA books，books have always been a part of my life． Unlike many people today，I don't own a Kindle or a Nook or any type of e-reader． I prefer the old-fashioned book． There is something about holding a book and being able to turn the pages that I find comforting． In today's 21st century，books may become obsolete． For me that's something I find scary．
I am a fan of the old TV science-fiction series Twilight Zone． One episode（一段情节）is about a librarian who has become obsolete．Though this episode aired in 1961，the writer of the series，Rod Serling was exactly on point when it came to predicting the future．
In fact，in San Antonio，Texas the first-ever bookless library in the country opened．The library is full of iMacs，tablets and iPads which cost a huge $2.3million．The library offers around 10.000e-books． So the question is，is this what the future will soon be？Mary Graham，vice president of South Carolina's Charleston Metro Chamber of Commerce states，"This is the future…If you're going to be building new library facilities，this is what you need to be doing．"
It is our generation that will be the guinea pigs （试验品） of increasing technology like this． Is this a good or bad thing？Well，digital libraries may help the environment by not using paper； however，I feel like something will always be lacking with a digital book．A digital library is just the beginning．
With all of this new technology，people seem to be more absorbed in their own world．One of my biggest complaints is when I am with my friends and they can't seem to get off their smart phone and talk to me． To make plans with a friend and then have them stuck on their phone the whole time is extremely rude．Not only is it disrespectful，but it reflects the direction of where human interactions are heading．Though social media is great，it also is addicting and has negative effects．
Often when I go on Facebook it just makes me feel worse about myself． I'll see many of my 800Facebook friends showing off their newest accomplishment or acceptance to college．Additionally，our society is becoming increasingly lazy． For instance，instead of doing mental math，people use their phone to solve 89+74． It is simple tasks like these that are allowing people to lack important educational and social skills．
It is up to us to find a balance between technology and human values and interactions． With new technology being created every day，we need to learn how to use it alongside our great minds．After all，inventions are supposed to benefit society not harm it． In the day of technology，who knows what's next？

41．The underlined word"obsolete"（Paragraph l） is closest in meaning to．A
A． outdated B． complex C． expensive D． meaningless
42．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2？C
A．The episode still enjoys great popularity nowadays．
B．Rod Serling liked making predictions about the future．
C．The situation of books today is similar to what Rod Serling predicted in the episode．
D．The episode airing in 1961was the most entertaining of the TV science-fiction series．
43．What can we learn about the library in San Antonio，Texas？D
A．It is the first-ever library in America．
B．It is of no practical use although it costs so much．
C．It holds an exhibition of much electronic equipment．
D．People can read e-books there with the help of the new facilities．
44．Which of the following will the writer probably disagree with？C
A．Great as social media is，it does have some negative effects．
B．With the increasing use of social media，something will actually be lost．
C．Through social media，people can develop educational and social skills around．
D．As a result of social media，people may communicate less with the people around．
45．The tone of the passage is best described asB．
A．Optimistic B．Skeptical C．Supportive D．Objective．

5．

On a recent trip to California，I stopped by Natural Bridges，where the monarch butterflies overwinter．Many years ago，I livedclose enough to it that I could walk there regularly and study their gatherings-the most memorable experiences when living in California，This visit，however，turned out to be disappointing．Though the way to the protected monarch garden looked just as I remembered it，I spotted only a few butterflies there．So I had to drive about a mile south to Lighthouse Field a more open area visited by large numbers of bikers，dog walkers and tourists．Many monarehs-at least several hundred-gathered in a small forest of pines there．Why had they moved to this less hospitable habitat-John Dayton，a biologist from San Jose provided an answer．During the 1990s，a deadly disease killed off most large pines sheltering the monarch habitats at Natural Bridges，forcing monarchs to seek shelter elsewhere．Still，since the mid-1990s，the number of overwintering monarchs in California has declined by nearly 90 percent．Butterfly populations at Santa Paula alone，for example，have dropped from about 120，000 to less than 1，000-the lowest figure in two decades．
In California，coastal development has reduced the area suitable for overwintering monarchs． Illegal logging，poorly regulated tourism and water withdrawals near the butterfly habitais are also endangering the butterflies．
Throughout the butterflies'North American range，declines in milkweed plants-which monarchs need to reproduce-are also knocking down the insect's numbers．Chemicals are widely applied，wiping out the milkweed once growing in the agricultural land．
Climate change may worsen the monarchs'situation．As atmospheric levels of CO₂ continue to rise，milkweeds are likely to produce fewer toxic compounds（有毒化合物） that protect both butterflies and caterpillars （幼虫） from their enemies．Milkweed leaves also may get tougher． Caterpillars will have a harder time chewing the leaves．
66．Why did the author feel disappointed during his revisit to Natural Bridges？C
A．Because it had been overpopulated with Monarchs．
B．Because the monarch's living habit was changed a lot．
C．Because fewer monarch butterflies overwintered there．
D．Because the people there were not so hospitable as before．
67．Where did the author find those monarchs moved？A
A．Natural Bridges                  B．Lighthouse Field
C．San Jose                         D．Santa Paula
68．What caused a sharp decline of overwintering monarchs according to Para 3？A
A．The loss of large pines．        B．A disease of monarchs．
C．Water pollution．                D．Too many caterpillars．
69．According to the passage，the decline of the milkweeds is connected withD．
A．coastal development              B．illegal logging
C．poorly regulated tourism        D．the abuse of chemicals
70．Which diagram shows correctly how the passage is developed？（P=paragraph）D

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