6．The astronauts working on the International Space Station，the ISS，have started their zero-gravity preview of the World Cup match on Thursday，June 26，between the United States and Germany．
NASA astronauts Steve Swanson and Reid Wiseman and European astronaut Alexander Gerst，called out from Germany，showed off their moves in a soccer exhibition aboard the orbiting lab recently．An American video released today shows th eir performing space bicycle kicks，headers and，as players tend to do here on the earth，celebrating happily after scoring goals．
NASA's humanoid （仿真） robot Robonaut 2，which is designed to help astronauts perform，even gets into the spirit，wavin g its arms this way and that．
The weightless action tells a key World Cup game on Thursday in Brazil featuring the two teams currently at the top of the match's so-called"group of Death"．
The winner will win the group and move on to the single-elimination （淘汰）"knockout stage"of the World Cup，while the loser may go home，depending on what happens in Thursday's game between Ghana and Portugal，the other two teams in the group．Two teams from the group will advance．If the U．S．and Germany tie，they both will move on to the next stage．
Swanson，Wiseman and Gerst are obviously fond of the World Cup．The three space-flyers also played micro-gravity （微重力） soccer in another video that NASA posted on June 11，the day before the World Cup kicked off．
"We want to wish all the teams and fans on the ground and in Brazil a great World Cup，"Gerst said in that video，"Have fun and have peaceful games．May the best win"．
The three astronauts make up half of the space station's current Expedition 40．The other three crew members are Russian cosmonauts Alexander Skvortsov，Oleg Artemyev and Maxim Suraev．
47．How many astronauts are working on the ISS？C
A．Three．
B．Five．
C．Six．
D．Nine．
48．The"two teams"in Paragraph 4 refers toD．
A．Brazil and the USA                     
B．Brazil and Germany
C．Ghana and Portugal                     
D．Germany and America
49．Which of the following expressions is mostly related to the soccer game？A
A．Kick off          
B．Move on          
C．Show off      
D．Make up
50．There has been a weightless world cup in the ISS becauseB．
A．astronauts love to play football in their ISS
B．astronauts are concerned about the World Cup
C．Astronauts are asked to play a weightless game
D．astronauts are curious about a weightless match．
5．I didn't always appreciate rural America，because I was raised in town and could be called a city girl．But my country husband Tom helped change my opinion of the country．
When Tom was young，he would play around a wooden house deserted in the 1880s not far from his home．He spent so many days there that it became very special to him．Later he found that the house was used as a historical museum for school students on field trips．As Tom grew older，he watched the house age．After his retirement，he heard it was going to be destroyed．He paid a visit to the owner and offered to buy the place in order to save it．The owner agreed，but Tom had to have it moved within a month．
For three straight weeks，he took the building down and moved every piece of it to our farm．He insisted on doing everything the old-fashioned way to keep t his building as original as possible．He did make a few small changes to the house's design，such as adding a beautiful fieldstone fireplace．Even those stones had a history with---some were the same ones he had thrown out of his father's field as a boy．
With the help of his family and friends，Tom restored （修复） this house beautifully．Neighbors stop by to see his progress and admire his skills not only has he learned a great deal about construction，he has also built some friendships in the process．

39．From Paragraph 2 we learn thatC．
A．Tom's family was the owner of the old wooden house
B．Tom once went to the old wooden house for field trips
C．Tom was concerned about the changes of the wooden house
D．Tom used to live in the old wooden house in his childhood．
40．Tom restored the wooden house becauseA．
A．the old house carried his childhood memories
B．he wanted to build a new museum for the kids
C．he was interested in construction after retirement
D．the house was destroyed by time and needed rebuilding．
41．In the process of restoring the house，TomC．
A．did the job all by himself                     
B．kept the house exactly the same
C．learnt some construction skills                 
D．threw some stones out of his farm
42．According to the author，Tom's restoring work isC．
A．old-fashioned         
B．time-wasting       
C．admirable       
D．crazy．
4．Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling．Recycling in the home is very important of course．However，being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need．We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption  in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place．
  The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999and 2005．It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK．In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard．
  Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment．The UK，for example，is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste．If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect．Recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy．The solution is not to produce such items in the first place．Food waste is a serious problem，too．Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need．However，a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example．
  But this is not just about supermarkets．It is about all of us．We have learned to associate packaging with quality．We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality．This is especially true of food．But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary．
   There are signs of hope．As more of us recycle，we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material are collecting．We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb．

61．What does the underlined phrase"over-consumption"refer to？D
A．Using too much packaging．
B．Recycling too many wastes．
C．Making more products than necessary．
D．Having more material than is needed．
62．The author uses figures in Paragraph 2to showD．
A．the tendency of cutting household waste
B．the increase of packaging recycling
C．the rapid growth of super markets
D．the fact of packaging overuse
63．According to the text，recyclingA．
A．helps control the greenhouse effect
B．means burning packaging for energy
C．is the solution to gas shortage
D．leads to a waste of land
64．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4？C
A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality．
B．Supermarkets care more about packaging．
C．It is improper to judge quality by packaging．
D．Other products are better packaged than food．
65．What can we learn from the last paragraph？A
A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult．
B．Needless material is mostly recycled．
C．People like collecting recyclable waste．
D．The author is proud of their consumer culture．
3．Science can't explain the power of pets，but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure （血压） and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack，reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer．
  Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings．For some，an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife．A 2002study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress （紧张） levels and blood pressure in people-half of them pet owners-while they performed 5minutes of mental arithmetic （算术） or held a hand in ice water．Subjects completed the tasks alone，with a husband/wife，a close friend or with a pet．People with pets did it best．Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates．With pets in the room，people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions．It seems people feel more relaxed （放松）around pets，says Allen，who thinks it may be because pets don't judge．
  A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits．Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs； a separate group of 56people without pets were put on a diet program．On average，people lost about I1pounds，or 5% of their body weight．Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12pounds，more than 15% of their body weight．Dog owners didn't lose any more weight than those without dogs but，say researchers，got more exercise overall-mostly with their dogs-and found it worth doing．

67．What does the text mainly discuss？A
A．What pets bring to their owners．
B．How pets help people calm down．
C．People's opinions of keeping pets．
D．Pet's value in medical research．
68．We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well ifA
A．he has a pet companion
B．he has less stress of work
C．he often does mental arithmetic
D．he is taken care of by his family
69．According to Allen，why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks？C
A．They have lower blood pressure．
B．They become more patient．
C．They are less nervous．
D．They are in higher spirits．
70．The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports thatA
A．people with dogs did more exercise
B．dogs lost the same weight as people did
C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did
D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful．
2．Science can't explain the power of pets，but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure （血压） and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack，reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer．
  Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings．For some，an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife．A 2002study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress （紧张） levels and blood pressure in people-half of them pet owners-while they performed 5minutes of mental arithmetic （算术） or held a hand in ice water．Subjects completed the tasks alone，with a husband/wife，a close friend or with a pet．People with pets did it best．Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates．With pets in the room，people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions．It seems people feel more relaxed （放松）around pets，says Allen，who thinks it may be because pets don't judge．
  A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits．Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs； a separate group of 56people without pets were put on a diet program．On average，people lost about I1pounds，or 5% of their body weight．Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12pounds，more than 15% of their body weight．Dog owners didn't lose any more weight than those without dogs but，say researchers，got more exercise overall-mostly with their dogs-and found it worth doing．

67．What does the text mainly discuss？A
A．What pets bring to their owners．
B．How pets help people calm down．
C．People's opinions of keeping pets．
D．Pet's value in medical research．
68．We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well ifA
A．he has a pet companion
B．he has less stress of work
C．he often does mental arithmetic
D．he is taken care of by his family
69．According to Allen，why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks？C
A．They have lower blood pressure．
B．They become more patient．
C．They are less nervous．
D．They are in higher spirits．
70．The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports thatA
A．people with dogs did more exercise
B．dogs lost the same weight as people did
C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did
D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful．
1．Cold weather can hard on pets，just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter （住所） as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time，thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe．
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take them out，stay outside with them．When you're cold enough to go inside，they probably are too．I you must leave them outside for a long time，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter against the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non-frozen water．
If left alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet's water．Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink．Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside，which may contain something unhealthy for them．

41．What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1？D
A．They are often forgotten by their owners．
B．They are used to living outdoors．
C．They build their won shelters．
D．They like to stay in warm places．
42．Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather？A
A．To know when to bring them inside．
B．To keep them from eating bad food．
C．To help them find shelters．
D．To keep them company．
43．If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather，they mayA．
A．run short of clean water
B．dig deep holes for fun
C．dirty the snow nearby
D．get lost in the wild
44．What is the purpose of this text？B
A．To solve a problem．
B．To give practical advice．
C．To tell an interesting story．
D．To present a research result．
20．However wealthy we may be，we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want．Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost，which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be better spent on something else．
Every hour of our time has a value．For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another，or be sleeping or watching a film．Each of these options has a different opportunity cost-namely，what they cost us in missed opportunities．
Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium．Why not，you might reason，watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends？This-the alternative use of your cash and time-is the opportunity cost．
For economists，every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo-in terms of money and enjoyment-in order to take it up．By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on，you ought to be able to make better-informed，more reasonable decisions．Consider that most famous economic rule of all：there's no such thing as a free lunch．Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free，the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities．
Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging：imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable．Yet，in a sense it's human nature to do precisely that-we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time．
In the business world，a popular phrase is"value for money．"People want their cash to go as far as possible．However，another is fast obtaining an advantage："value for time．"The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something，so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time．By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities，such as sleeping and eating．In return，however，this passage will help you to think like an economist，closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions．

58．According to the passage，the concept of"opportunity cost"is applied toD．
A．making more money 
B．taking more opportunities
C．reducing missed opportunities 
D．weighing the choice of opportunities
59．The"leftover…time"in Paragraph 3probably refers to the timeC．
A．spared for watching the match at home 
B．taken to have dinner with friends
C．spent on the way to and from the match 
D．saved from not going to watch the match
60．What are forgone opportunitiesB？
A．Opportunities you forget in decision-making．
B．Opportunities you give up for better ones．
C．Opportunities you miss accidentally．
D．Opportunities you make up for．
19．Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things．A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning．Food poisoning is usually not serious，but some types are deadly，The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food．Fever is one of the most common symptoms．
     Certain microorganisms （微生物） cause most types of food poisoning．Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs，meat，vegetables，and many other foods．After entering the body，these tiny living things release （释放） poisons that make people sick．
      Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning．They are often added to food while it is being grown，processed，or prepaid．For example，many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects．Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops．
      Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people．These includecertain kinds of seafood，grains，nuts，seeds，beans，and mushrooms．
      When people handle food properly，the risk of food poisoning is very small Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures．This means that people should never touch food with ditty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces．Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from gnawing．Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms．People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it．Finally，people should not eat raid mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild．Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans．In addition，some types of fish can be poisonous．
      Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water．If people eat natural poisons，they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied．

51．Which of the following statements is NOT true？B
A．Food when poisoned can make people sick．
B．Food poisoning means death．
C．Food poisoning comes in varieties．
D．Food poisoning can be serious．
52．We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoningC
A．are always accompanied by a fever
B．are too common to be noted
C．can be noticed within hours
D．can be ignored
53．Food poi soning can be caused by all the following EXCEPTB
A．some chemicals       B．low temperatures 
C．some tiny living things  D．certain natural materials
54．From Paragraph 5，we can learn thatD
A．mushrooms should not be eaten
B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D．different types of food should be handled differently
55．It can be inferred from the passage thatC
A．natural materials are safe in food processing
B．chemicals are needed in food processing
C．food poisoning can be kept under control
D．food poisoning is out of control．
18．The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water．With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture，the worldwide Supply of water needs careful management，especially in agriculture，Although the idea of a water shortage（短缺）seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country，many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages．
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons，the costs of water redistribution（重新分配） are very high．Not only is there the co st of the engineering itself，but there is also an environmental cost to be considered．Where valleys（山谷） are flooded to create dams，houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed．Besides，water may flow easily through pipes to fields，but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other．Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements．
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation（灌溉）．In Texas，farmers'overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores，In the Central Valley area of southwes tern USA，a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys，but much of the water use has been poorly managed．
Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation（灌溉） water from underground reserves．Because there is no rainfall in these areas，such reserves can only decrease，and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry．

72．From the first two paragraphs we learn thatC
A．much of the world's water is available for use
B．people in high rainfall countries feel lucky
C．the costs of water redistribution should be considered
D．water can be easily carried through pipes across th e world
73．Which of the follo wing is true？C
A．The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%．
B．Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages．
C．The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 20 years．
D．Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley．
74．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows？A
A．Steps to improving water use management．
B．Ways to reduce the costs of building dams．
C．Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages．
D．Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply．
75．The text is mainly aboutB
A．water supply and increasing population
B．water use management and agriculture
C．water redistribution and wildlife protection
D．water shortages and environmental protection．
17．Many people think that listening is a passive business．It is just the opposite．Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work．It is because they do not realize this，or because they are not willing to do the work，that most people do not listen well．
  Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else．An essential part of listening well is the rule known as‘bracketing'．Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires，to experience as far as possible someone else's world from the inside，stepping into his or her shoes．Moreover，since listening well involves bracketing，it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person．Sensing this acceptance，the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener．True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth．
  Most of the time we lack this energy．Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well，what we are usually doing is listening selectively．Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder，as we listen，how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us．Many of us are far
more interested in talking than in listening，or we simply refuse to listen to what we don't want to hear．
  It wasn't until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic（有疗效的） In about a quarter of the patients I saw，surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy（心理疗法），before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained．There are several reasons for this phenomenon，but chief among them，I believe，was the patient's sense that he or she was being truly listened to，often for the first time in years，and for some，perhaps for the first time ever．

66．The phrase"stepping into his or her shoes"in paragraph 2probably meansD．
A．preparing a topic list firstB．focusing on one's own mind
C．directing the talk to the desired resultsD．experiencing the speaker's inside world
67．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2？A．
A．How to listen well．B．What to listen to．
C．Benefits of listening．D．Problems in listening
68．According to the author，in communication people tend toB．
A．listen activelyB．listen purposefully
C．set aside their prejudicesD．open up their inner mind
69．According to the author，the patients improved mainly becauseB．
A．they were taken good care of．B．they knew they were truly listened to．
C．they had partners to talk to．D．they knew the roots of problems．
70．What type of writing the article likely to be？D．
A．Science fictionB．A news report．C．A medical report．D．Popular science．
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