An oral drug, named ERDRP-0519, was invented. It is specifically designed to protect people who got infected measles(麻疹) from spreading the virus to others. Like the flu, measles spreads through the air by breathing, coughing or sneezing. There is typically a time, about two weeks, between becoming infected with the virus and the beginning of symptoms like skin rash(皮疹), runny nose, heavy cough and high fever.

“This therapy application determines the desired characteristics of the drug, which are orally available, cost-effective manufacture and high stability,” Richard Klemperer, professor of Georgia State University, told reporters last Wednesday.

“With these criteria in mind, we have developed a small drug that blocks the measles virus over the past years, which is essential for copy of the virus.”

The researchers tested the drug in rats infected with canine distemper virus(犬瘟病) , which is a close relative of measles virus. They found that all of the infected rats treated with the drug survived the deadly infection, showed no clinical signs of disease and developed a strong protective immune response.

The drug could be used to treat friends, family and other social contacts of a person infected with measles virus, which have not developed symptoms yet but are at risk of having caught the disease, Klemperer said truthfully.

“The emergence of strong antiviral immunity(抗病毒免疫力) in treated animals is particularly encouraging, since it suggests that the drug may not only save an infected individual from disease but contribute to closing measles immunity gaps in a population,” Klemperer said.

The researchers emphasized the drug is not intended as a substitute for vaccination, but as an additional weapon to get rid of the measles. They planned to test the drug’s safety in larger animals, before moving into clinical trials in humans.

“If our next series of studies confirms that the human situation mirrors what we have seen in rats, then this drug may make a major contribution to getting rid of measles by preventing local outbreaks” Klemperer said.

Despite the existence of an effective vaccine, annual measles deaths worldwide have remained constant at around 150,000 since 2007. The reasons for this are the highly infectious nature of the virus, in the developing world largely due to issues of resources, and in many developed countries in particular in the European region due to parental concerns regarding vaccination safety.

1.If a boy got infected by measles virus, he might NOT show the symptom like ________.

A. runny nose B. bad cough

C. high fever D. sick stomach

2. From what Klemperer said, we know that the drug _________.

A. is only intended as a substitute for vaccination

B. can only save those infected individuals from disease

C. is cost-effective and high stability for curing measles

D. has the same effect on human as on larger animals

3.The best title of the passage is_________ .

A. the Introduction of a New Oral Drug

B. the Desired Characteristics of Drugs

C. the Common Symptoms of Getting Measles

D. the Application of Post-exposure Therapy

I love seeing Europeans line up in airports to applaud arriving refugees. But humanitarianism (人道主义) will not guide policy for long. We liberals need to argue from Europe’s self-interest: our continent has the need, the space and the ability to accept people.

Many European countries are gradually turning into old people’s homes. Germany, Italy, Spain and others have some of the lowest birth rates in human history. It is predicted that about one-third of their populations will be aged over 65 in 2050. Germany needs to import at least 350,000 people a year to keep its workforce stable. Suddenly, young ambitious workers are pouring into the country as if called by a genie (精灵) with a lamp. No wonder Angela Merkel, German Chancellor, has been more welcoming than David Cameron, British Prime Minister. But all over Europe, carers for old people are already in need. Norway found oil under the seabed but it would have been better off if it had discovered 50,000 nurses there instead.

Many rightwingers think we have reached our limits. This feeling is widespread. And it’s true that Western Europe is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Indeed, density has long been Europe’s unique selling point: with so many people of different nations closely packed together, we have always traded goods and exchanged ideas fast. That’s why the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries happened here.

But we have plenty more room. Many European cities aren’t dense enough. Now east Germany, north-western Spain and gorgeous mountain villages in Italy are losing people. Lots of cities have unused industrial land.

Humans inhabit a slice of the EU’s territory. Only about 2.5 per cent of the EU’s land is used for housing, estimates the European Commission. By contrast, a whopping 43 per cent was used for agriculture in 2009, it says. That’s too much. We could turn more land into forest or into green landscapes where people can relax and play. Making that transition is feasible because we now use agricultural land inefficiently.

Migrants often spend years locked up together in serious government-funded “migrant centers”. However, the way to learn a new country’s language, make friends and find work is to live with a local. This crisis has shown that lots of Europeans are willing to take refugees into their homes. After Iceland’s government said it could take only 50 Syrian refugees, many Icelanders came forward offering to take a far greater number into their own homes. People aren’t just sitting around waiting for government to do something.

We need migrants, and we can accommodate them. If opponents just don’t like foreigners, they should say so instead of pretending to be hardheaded pragmatists (实用主义者).

1.Why is Angela Merkel willing to take in refugees according to the passage?

A. Germany has already stepped into aged society.

B. Birth rates in Germany are the lowest in history.

C. She is kind and shows sympathy for homeless people.

D. Refugees can make up the shortage of labor in Germany.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. No other region is more densely populated than Western Europe.

B. Density has become Europe’s most outstanding characteristic.

C. All European cities are not crowded together in great numbers.

D. Large quantities of unused industrial land will turn into forest.

3.It can be inferred that _______.

A. nurses are more badly needed than petrol in Europe

B. liberals always do something for the Europe’s benefit

C. aging problem in Germany is the worst in Europe

D. Europeans have already made intelligent use of the land

4.What is the last paragraph but one mainly about?

A. Migrants can privately be accommodated.

B. Migrants had better not live in migrant centers.

C. Everyone can live with migrants to help them fit in.

D. Everyone has done their own part to help migrants.

请阅读下列文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2. 请根据以上图文信息简述污染的情况及其原因；

3. 从可持续发展的角度提出你对治理城市污染的建议(不少于两点)。

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

[评分标准]

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

Thomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius.“ There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.

But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker.. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature , he often said ,is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then , he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.

Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.

Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “ Work,” he answered. “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.

1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Edison invented the electric light.

B. Many other people have changed Edison’s life.

C. Edison has changed the life of many other people.

D. Few men in history can change other people’s life.

2.Edison thought .

A. he could be happy if he was a genius

B. genius plays the most important part in one’s success

C. hard work could do better than genius

D. genius could do better than hard work

3.Edison was .

A. very much interested in nature

B. interested in discovering the secrets of nature

C. interested in changing people’s ideas

D. uninterested in making people happier by discovering the secrets of nature

4.In Edison’s opinion, .

A. thinking can supply people with enjoyment and pleasure as well as help

B. people’s success lies mostly in genius

C. hard work is the second important thing in making people successful

D. there are few secrets for him to discover later

5.The last sentence in the passage most probably implies .

A. life is too short for Edison to invent more for human beings

B. Edison made 100 inventions in his life

C. Edison was able to live and work for 100 years

D. People of his time were ready to give Edison another 100 years’ work

One night in February 1962, John H. Glenn. Jr., flew over Australia. The man in the Mercury(水星) capsule（宇宙飞行容器）was alone, but friendly voices reached him by radio. On the dark land 100 miles below, he saw a sprinkling of light. They marked the city of Perth, where people had turned on their lights as a greeting to him.

In Friendship7, Glenn radioed, “ The lights show up very well. Thank for everybody for turning them on.” His capsule raced on to the east.

During his three orbits（绕……轨道而行） of the earth, Glenn could always reach one of eighteen tracking stations. Some of them were on ship at sea. Others were in the United States.

Many of the stations had been built with the help of other countries. These countries allowed Americans to bring in radio equipment and set it up. Without the help of such lands as Nigeria（尼日利亚）, Zanzibar（尚巴西，坦桑尼亚领土的一部分）, and Mexico, there would have been breaks in the worldwide radio network.

John H. Glenn. Jr., was the first America to orbit the earth. For his flight, the tracking network（跟踪网络） covered 60,000 route miles. Five hundred men worked in the stations along the route. Since his flight, the network has grown. Today, it covers more than 100,000 route miles and has about one hundred stations. One-third of these stations are outside of the United States.

1.This passage is mainly about .

A. talking to ships at sea around the world

B. breaks in the worldwide network

C. the first American to orbit the earth

D. a satellite which fell into the ocean

2.From the passage we can see that .

A. Friendship7 stopped in Perth, Australia

B. all tracking stations are inside the United States

C.radio equipment is important in space flight

D. many people could see Glenn in his capsule when he made the flight

3.During his flight Glenn could always .

A. see lights turned on on the ground

B. reach ships at sea

C.reach one of the tracking stations

D. arrive at Mercury in his Friendship7

4.Why did people in Perth turn on the lights?

A. They wanted guide him to land.

B.It was too dark for them to see in the room.

C. They wanted to see the Friendship7.

D. They wanted to greet Glenn.

5.Which of the following is not true?

A. Countries must work together to track satellites.

B. There are now about 70 tracking stations in the United States.

C. The tracking network covers many more route miles now than before.

D. Nobody has orbited the earth besides Glenn.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Learning experiences happen to us throughout our lives. Not long ago, I had one that I would like to .

I was going to Marblehead with my sailboat team. The team was racing down the highway at 85 mph________we realized we were .Luckily, we saw a rest area ahead. I had a brand new $20 bill. I was so because I had never had that kind of cash before. But spending it on ________ seemed like throwing it away. We all rushed into the pizza line. ________ I got a pizza and a drink, and walked to my table. About half way through the meal, I ________ I had not actually handed any money to the cashier. I had just ________ out, and nobody had noticed, I felt terrible.

My conscience( 良心) opened its mouth and swallowed me in one big bite. I couldn’t________ over it. I just couldn’t go back to the cashier and ________ for my stolen pizza. I was so upset that I ________to give myself the pleasure of an ice cream for ________ that someone would say, “ Hey, Jeff, why don’t you use the change ________ the pizza instead of that nice, new $20 bill?” I was not so ________ of my cash now.

For the next two years, whenever I was ________ of the “pizza incident”, I would say to myself, “ Don’t think about it...”

I have learned two things from this ________ . Maybe I was a fool for ________ in to my conscience, and being too stupid to appreciate a ________ pizza. But the real lesson is that even if you get away from what you have done, your conscience ________ up with you.

This reflect the saying, “ A coward(懦夫) dies a thousand deaths; a hero dies one.” I was a coward and have felt terrible about that incident at least a thousand times. If I had been a “________ ” and gone back to pay for the pizza, I would have felt a little uncomfortable about it only once, or maybe twice.

1.A. say B. talk C. share D. explain

2.A. as B. while C. then D. when

3.A. lost B. tried C. hungry D. anxious

4.A. excited B. eager C. satisfied D. encouraged

5.A. rest B. food C. travel D. drink

6.A. Luckily B. Finally C. Immediately D. Actually

7.A. thought B. recognized C. noticed D. realized

8.A. walked B. left C. worked D. found

9.A. look B. get C. turn D. think

10.A. ask B. pay C. send D. apologize

11.A. refused B. wanted C. hoped D. meant

12.A. hope B. surprise C. anger D. fear

13.A. into B. with C. for D. from

14.A. sure B. upset C. proud D. pleased

15.A. warned B. reminded C. thought D. told

16.A. experience B. experiment C. story D. mistake

17.A. turning B. taking C. handing D. giving

18.A. free B. cheap C. plain D. delicious

19.A. make B. wake C. catch D. put

20.A. coward B. fool C. loser D. hero

书面表达

Shang Rongjie是我国盲人专用计算机方面的一位专家，请根据下面的提示，用英语叙述他的一些情况。

1.他曾就读于国际关系学院（Institute of International Relations）,学习英文，1967年毕业，28岁时不幸眼睛失明。

2.他现在在中国盲文出版社（the China Braille Publishing House）工作。出版社在北京西南部，从他的家到出版社，途中倒两次车。

3.他酷爱阅读，但汉语布莱尔盲文（braille）印刷的书不多，于是收音机就成了他最好的伙伴。只要在家，他总是收听各种节目。

注意：1. 短文包括所有内容要点 2. 长度为80-140 个

Jason had been watching the X Games on TV. Athletes from all over the world were competing in the most amazing sports. Just then his grandmother walked into the room. “I want to be extreme. Would you really let me do that? You always worry about my safety!” said Jason.

“You will have to follow some rules,” said his grandmother. “You can only ride in the park — never on the streets. You have to promise to wear a helmet (头盔). If you hurt yourself too much, I have the right to take your skateboard away. Is it a deal?”

“You bet!” Jason was so excited that he jumped off the sofa. A week later he had a board and a helmet.

On Saturday, his grandmother dropped him off near the park. He was happy to have a grandmother who let him try new things.

Kids in the park were moving quickly up and down the ramps (坡道). They flew into the air and landed as easily as birds. When he watched the X games, Jason felt like he was doing the tricks himself. But watching these kids up close, he knew that none of it was going to be easy. He felt a little bit scared.

Very slowly he carried his board to the ramp. Taking a deep breath, he put his right foot on the board. He kicked off with his left foot. For a few seconds he glided (滑行) along, just waiting to fall. Then he came to a stop. Kicking off again, he waited for the worst to happen. Again, he stayed up. The third time he kicked, lost his balance, and fell hard on his left knee.

It hurt, but it was no big deal! Why had he been so scared? Now he felt calm because things had gone wrong, and he was fine!

Next time he kicked off harder and went fast and farther. “Excellent!” said a girl as she passed him. “Extreme!” laughed Jason to himself. “Not quite.”

1.Jason’s grandmother agreed to let him try skateboarding unless _____.

A. he finished his homework

B. he liked the sport

C. he observed some rules

D. he won a bet

2.Jason jumped off the sofa because _____.

A. he was allowed to go skateboarding

B. he was angry at his grandmother

C. he was going to play outside

D. he was given a board and a helmet

3.After watching the kids skateboarding in the park, Jason felt skateboarding was _____.

A. easy B. difficult

C. boring D. exciting

4.The girl praised Jason for his _____.

A. skill B. honesty

C. courage D. kindness

The more people I meet, the more I love my dog. Every day I am reminded why I love him so much.

Three weeks before Christmas in 2008 at about 2:00 in the morning, my dog woke us up out of a sound sleep because someone was knocking at our door. He barked in front of me as if to protect me from the stranger who was knocking. My husband answered, and it was a local police officer telling us that my father-in-law had called the police because he forgot our number. My mother-in-law was suffering from a brain disease and was in the hospital. We thanked the officer and raced to the hospital. We would have taken him, but the hospital would consider him to be a dirty pet.

After visiting the hospital we drove home and hugged our dog once more. At this point it was unlikely that little dog remembered waking us up. What he did remember was that we left him alone for several hours and he missed us. He thought we missed him, too, so he greeted us at the door with his tail wagging (摇摆).

Someone tried to break in our house that summer, but, once again, our little dog saved the day. Our curtains were damaged, but no one got in. When I got home from work, I found parts of my curtains lying on the floor. We called the police and the officer said that he did a great job.

My dog is a loving sweet dog who just wants some attention. I worked with him for months and now he sits, dances, sings, shakes hands, and so much more. The best part is he looks out for me as much as I look out for him.

My husband says the dog is spoiled (宠坏的); I say he finally has a loving home.

1.The author’s dog woke her up to tell her that _____.

A. her mother-in-law was ill

B. her father-in-law called her

C. someone was knocking at the door

D. someone had broke into her house

2.Why did the police say the dog did a great job?

A. The dog saved the author.

B. The dog stopped the thief.

C. The dog did well what people told it.

D. The dog helped to find the thief.

3. The purpose of the text is to tell readers _____.

A. why the author’s dog is her best friend

B. what the proper attitude towards dogs is

C. what dogs can bring us

D. how to raise dogs

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My father is now in his late forty but he looks young for his age. He is very strict with me, especial in my studies. Besides, I know he loves me deeply in his heart. Once I fail to do well in my math exam, I was afraid that it would make my father angry and disappointing. On contrary, he said I had tried my best and offered him a few words of encouragement. He told me that there is no need to feel bad about one and two failures and the most important thing is to learn anything from failure and never give up. Today is Father’s Day and I want to say thank you for my father.