LONDON—Archaeologists have discovered a smaller prehistoric(史前) site near Britain’s famous circle of standing stones at Stonehenge.
Researchers have named the site “Bluehenge” after the color of the 27 Welsh stones that were laid to make up a path. The stones have disappeared, but the path of holes remains.
The new circle, unearthed over the summer by researchers from Sheffield University, represents an important find, researchers said Saturday. The site is about a mile away from Stonehenge.
Bluehenge, about 80 miles southwest of London, is believed to date back to about the time Stonehenge was built, about 5,000 years ago.
Mike Parker Pearson of Sheffield University said he believed the path and stonehenge itself were linked to rituals(仪式) of life and death.
Mike Parker suggested that the ancient funerary rituals began at a different circle site known as “Wood-henge”, which represented the world of the living. The bodies of the dead were then brought down the River Avon to Bluehenge, which represented death, and were finally carried along a ceremonial route known as the Avenue to Stonehenge.
Bournemouth University Professor Tim Darvill, an expert on Stonehenge, told Britain’s Dail Mail that Bluehenge “adds to the richness” of the ancient site’s story.
“This henge is very important because it forms part of the picture of ceremonial monuments in the area and puts Stonehenge into context,” Darvill was quoted(引述) as saying. “It’s no longer Stonehenge standing alone, but it has to be seen in context with the landscape.”

  1. 1.

    How many henges are mentioned in this passage?

    1. A.
      Two
    2. B.
      Three
    3. C.
      Four
    4. D.
      Five
  2. 2.

    Who believed the Stonehenge is related to ancient ritual of death?

    1. A.
      Archaeologists from London
    2. B.
      Welsh researchers
    3. C.
      Mike Parker Pearson
    4. D.
      Professor Tim Darvill
  3. 3.

    What does the underlined sentence “It’s no longer Stonehenge standing alone, but it has to be seen in context with the landscape.” in the last paragraph mean?

    1. A.
      Stonehenge has noting to do with Bluehenge
    2. B.
      Woodhenge represented the world of living in ancient times
    3. C.
      Bluehenge represented death
    4. D.
      Stonehenge, Woodhenge and Bluehenge should be studied together
  4. 4.

    From the passage we can learn that ______

    1. A.
      researchers have named the site “Bluehenge,” because they have found blue huge stones there
    2. B.
      funerary rituals were carried out along the path starting from Woodhenge, River Avon to Bluehenge, finally Stonehenge
    3. C.
      Bluehenge is 1 mile away from London
    4. D.
      Bluehenge dates back to 2000 BC

Educating girls quite possibly gets a higher rate of return than any other deal available in the developing world．Women's education may be unusual field for economists, but increasing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social project．And economics, with its emphasis on incentives （激励）, provides an explanation for why so many girls lose the chance of education．
Parents in low-income countries don't send their daughters to school because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children．Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school----the prophecy （预言） becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle （恶性循环）of abandonment．
An educated mother, on the other hand．has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices．She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance．The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys．will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle （良性循环）．
Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits．But it has enormous economic advantages as well．Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers．Wages rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling．Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available deal, but they are just the beginning．Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices， including family planning．

  1. 1.

    The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is _______．

    1. A.
      expensive
    2. B.
      troublesome
    3. C.
      rewarding
    4. D.
      labor-saving
  2. 2.

    What does the author say about women's education?

    1. A.
      It has developed the interest of a growing number of economists
    2. B.
      It is in the first place in many developing countries
    3. C.
      It deserves greater attention than other social project
    4. D.
      It will get greater returns than other known deal
  3. 3.

    The passage mainly discusses ______．

    1. A.
      unequal treatment of boys and girls in developing countries
    2. B.
      the economic and social benefits of educating women
    3. C.
      the major contributions of educated women to society
    4. D.
      the potential earning power of well-educated women

Over the past decade, cheating—an act of academic dishonesty—has become more and more common.
The latest statistics shows more than two thirds of high school students admitted cheating on an exam last year, and—even more surprising—often the best students cheat to get to the top of their class—and they don’t think it is wrong. It’s not a big deal. Everybody is doing it.
It is a big deal! Cheating is basically wrong and must be punished.
If students easily get away with it, they might be encouraged to do it again. They won’t realize that this—in the broadest sense—is an attack on our society, which is based on values like honesty and fairness. The present spreading of cheating indicates a loss of those values and cannot be tolerated. An appropriate punishment for cheating incidents would make students aware of their misbehavior.
If no one were punished for cheating, who would ever study for an exam? Tons of papers would be lifted from websites, writing crib sheets would be more important than reviewing the subjects, and highly sophisticated cheating arts would be invented. Knowledge would only exist on the Internet and on cleverly created cheat sheets, but not in the minds of the students—a rather bad precondition to enrich our society wisely and intelligently.
Students have to learn that they have to learn. Only doing what’s right will bring them a feeling of pride and accomplishment and create self-confidence—the building blocks for a successful and satisfying life and a society that keeps its values

  1. 1.

    What is more surprising is that       

    1. A.
      cheating is very common in schools
    2. B.
      over 2/3 of the students cheat last year
    3. C.
      even the best students cheat on exams
    4. D.
      teachers are not aware of the problems
  2. 2.

    How do they make the students realize their misbehavior?

    1. A.
      By letting them getting away with it
    2. B.
      By telling them what is right
    3. C.
      By catching them on the spot
    4. D.
      By giving them some punishment
  3. 3.

    How can students create self-confidence?

    1. A.
      By knowing they have to learn
    2. B.
      By doing what is right
    3. C.
      By learning the right things
    4. D.
      By being punished when cheating
  4. 4.

    What does the underlined word “lifted” mean?

    1. A.
      taken
    2. B.
      removed
    3. C.
      copied
    4. D.
      written

Your body works 24 hours a day. It’s always building and repairing, feeding and cleansing itself. Its goal is to be ready for your every movement, breath, and thought. The quality of your life depends on how well your body works. And how well your body works depends on how much energy it gets. Energy comes from the food you eat. Food contains nutrients that your body needs for growth and energy.
By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the six important nutrients it needs. Minerals（矿物质） are nutrients that build bones and teeth. Minerals also form red blood cells and other substances. Water aids digestion and waste removal. Carbohydrates（碳水化合物） give your body its main source of energy. Two carbohydrates are sugars from foods such as fruits and vegetables and starches found in rice, potatoes, and bread. Fats help build cell membranes（膜）. Proteins repair and grow body tissues（组织）. Finally, vitamins help your body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
The United States Department of Agriculture（USDA） has created a nutritional food pyramid（金字塔）. It shows the daily number of servings you should eat from five food groups. The food pyramid has four levels. The base of the pyramid is the largest level. It contains the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group from which you need six to eleven servings. The next level has two food groups: vegetables and fruits. The USDA recommends three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruit. The third level also has two groups: the milk, yogurt, and cheese group and the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. You need two to three servings from each of these groups. The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. It contains fats, oils, and sweets. These foods have few nutrients, so eat them sparingly（有节制地）

  1. 1.

    What is the main idea for this passage_________?

    1. A.
      Eating a balanced diet gives your body the energy it needs
    2. B.
      The top of the pyramid is the smallest level.　　　　
    3. C.
      Meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts are on the third level
    4. D.
      We should have a nutrition food pyramid
  2. 2.

    The first paragraph suggests that __________?

    1. A.
      food is something that cleanses your body
    2. B.
      food can improve the quality of your life
    3. C.
      food should be eaten at night as well as during the day
    4. D.
      food will make it easier for you to exercise
  3. 3.

    By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the      important nutrients it needs

    1. A.
      four
    2. B.
      five
    3. C.
      six
    4. D.
      seven
  4. 4.

    A balanced diet________

    1. A.
      is made up of foods from five food groups
    2. B.
      includes many foods containing fat
    3. C.
      includes six to eleven servings of fruit
    4. D.
      can be got by taking vitamins
  5. 5.

    To help the reader understand the six nutrients needed by the body, the author________

    1. A.
      describes the five basic food groups
    2. B.
      explains what a balanced diet is
    3. C.
      writes the details of each nutrient
    4. D.
      tells the number of daily servings needed from each food group

It's not a new phenomenon, but have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs? We all use them, often without noticing what we're doing.
I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week, and I said “I’ll pencil it in my diary”, and my friend said “You can ink it in”, meaning that it was a firm arrangement not a tentative one!
Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology. An obvious example is the word fax, which is a shortening of facsimile originally, an exact copy of a book or document. We all got used to sending and receiving faxes, and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we'd fax it immediately. So, nouns turn into verbs in two easy stages. Then along came email, and we were soon all emailing each other madly. How did we do without it? I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.
Email reminds me, of course， of my computer and its software, which has produced another couple of new verbs. On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I'll want to look at again, thus saving all the effort of remembering their addresses and calling them up from scratch. I can do the same thing on my PC, but there I don't bookmark; I favorite—coming from “favorite pages”, so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun． I wasn’t really sure whether people said this，but someone told me recently that they had favorited a site I was looking for and so they could easily give me its address.
In the late 1980s I noticed that lots of my friends had acquired pagers, and kept saying things like “I’ll page you as soon as I know what time we’re meeting”. They couldn't say it to me, though; 1 refused to have one． So my children bought me a mobile phone, now known simply as a mobile and I had to learn yet more new verbs. I can message someone, that is, I can leave a message （either spoken or written）for them on their phone．Or I can text them, write a few words suggesting when and where to meet, for example. How long will it be before I can mobile them, that is, phone them using my mobile? I haven’t heard that verb yet, but I’m sure I will soon. Perhaps I’ll start using it myself! 　

  1. 1.

    “I’ll pencil it in my diary” in the second paragraph probably means        

    1. A.
      it was a firm arrangement　　　　　　　
    2. B.
      it was an uncertain arrangement
    3. C.
      the arrangement should be written as a diary
    4. D.
      he prefers a pencil to a pen
  2. 2.

    A website address can be easily found if it has been＿____

    1. A.
      emailed
    2. B.
      messaged
    3. C.
      favorited
    4. D.
      texted
  3. 3.

    Which of the following has not been used as a verb, yet?

    1. A.
      message
    2. B.
      page
    3. C.
      email
    4. D.
      mobile
  4. 4.

    The best title for this passage is____．

    1. A.
      New Verbs from Old Nouns
    2. B.
      The Development of the English language
    3. C.
      New Technology and New words
    4. D.
      Technology and Language

Let children learn to judge their own. A child who learns to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Little by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s, in the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time in doing such work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is ___

    1. A.
      to listen to skilled people’s advice
    2. B.
      to ask older people many questions
    3. C.
      to make mistakes and have them corrected
    4. D.
      to do what other people do
  2. 2.

    According to the writer, teachers in school should ___

    1. A.
      allow children to learn from each other
    2. B.
      point out children’s mistakes whenever they are found
    3. C.
      correct children’s mistakes as possible as they can
    4. D.
      give children more book knowledge
  3. 3.

    Which of the following does the writer think teachers should not do?

    1. A.
      Give children correct answers
    2. B.
      allow children to make mistakes
    3. C.
      Point out children’s mistakes
    4. D.
      Let children judge their own work
  4. 4.

    The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are ___

    1. A.
      different from learning other skills
    2. B.
      the same as learning other skills
    3. C.
      more important than other skills
    4. D.
      not really important skills

Are you a media addict who would go mad after two hours without TV, friend requests, exciting online games and your mobile – or would you easily survive?
Recently, university students around the world were asked to volunteer in a global experiment called Unplugged. It was designed to see how young people would react if they were asked to observe a total media ban by unplugging all forms of media devices for 24 hours.
Unplugged is being run by Dr Roman Gerodimos, a lecturer in Communication and Journalism at Bournemouth University. The experiment is now over but he doesn’t yet know the full findings. However, during the experiment, Dr Gerodimos said there were already signs of how much the exercise affected volunteers. He said: “They’re reporting withdrawal symptoms(症状), overeating, feeling nervous, isolated and disconnected.” During their 24-hour painful experience, three of the experiment’s guinea pigs had to endure one intrusion(侵扰) from the media: a BBC reporter plus cameraman who followed them around for the day. They were asked to write down 100 lines about their day offline, but of course, they all waited until the next day when they had access to their laptops. Elliot Day wrote: “Today, my whole morning routine was thrown up into the air. Despite being aware of the social importance of the media, I was surprised by how empty my life felt without the radio or newspapers.” From Caroline Scott, we read: “I didn’t expect it, but being prevented from the media for 24 hours resulted in my day-to-day activities becoming so much harder to carry out than usual… I didn’t break out in a cold sweat like our lecturer expected us all to, but it’s not something I would like to do again!” And Charlotte Gay wrote: “I have to say the most difficult item for me to be without has been my mobile; not only is it a social tool, it’s my main access point of communication.”
Earlier in the year, a UK government study found that in the UK we spend about half our waking hours using the media, often plugged into several things at once. And a recent study by Nielson found that on average, US teenagers send and receive over 3,000 texts per month ---that’s about six texts per waking hour. So, with technology continuing to develop at an alarming rate, how much time will you set aside for sleep in the future?

  1. 1.

    What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?

    1. A.
      To ask for information
    2. B.
      To entertain the readers
    3. C.
      To lead to the topic
    4. D.
      To present an idea
  2. 2.

    About Dr. Roman Gerodimos’ experiment, we know that ________

    1. A.
      volunteers felt uncomfortable in it
    2. B.
      volunteers didn’t want to eat anything
    3. C.
      the experiment was still going on
    4. D.
      volunteers were allowed to take their laptops
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Three pigs were included in the experiment
    2. B.
      A BBC reporter discussed the experiment
    3. C.
      During the 24 hours’ experiment the volunteers wrote out their experiences
    4. D.
      The lecturer had expected sweat would suddenly appear on the volunteers through fear
  4. 4.

    What does the sentence “…was thrown up into the air” most probably means?

    1. A.
      went on normally
    2. B.
      was completely disturbed
    3. C.
      turned out perfect
    4. D.
      was badly designed
  5. 5.

    Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

    1. A.
      Surviving without the Media
    2. B.
      Unplugging Your Life
    3. C.
      Valuing Social Communication
    4. D.
      Setting Aside Time for Sleep

Mom noticed that something was wrong when I started getting so thirsty. I’d have a lot to drink before bed, which was unusual for me. One time, I opened a big container of apple juice and kept refilling my glass. Before I knew it, I’d drunk the entire container! My mom called my doctor. I then had a few blood tests, and the results were certain — I had diabetes (糖尿病), which meant that the amount of sugar in my blood was very high. That can be dangerous, so I had to learn how to control my blood-sugar level.
My eating habits had to change in a big way. With diabetes, I can’t eat a lot of sugar or carbohydrates (碳水化合物). I have to figure out exactly how much sugar I plan to eat, and then I get an injection of insulin (注射胰岛素) before the meal to help my body process the food. Also, I test my blood-sugar level often. I’m always trying to keep my blood sugar at a healthy level. The level can drop when I exercise, but that doesn’t keep me out of gym class or off the basketball court — I just keep some juice boxes around to boost my blood sugar if I need to.
It’s a lot of work — and not a lot of fun — to keep track of everything, but I’ve gotten used to my new habits. I was a little scared at first because I wasn’t sure how my life would change. Once I knew what I needed to do, though, it wasn’t a big deal. My life is different now from what it was before, but it has become completely regular to me

  1. 1.

    The first paragraph is mainly about _____

    1. A.
      who found the author had diabetes
    2. B.
      the author’s life before having diabetes
    3. C.
      how the author was found to have diabetes
    4. D.
      the author’s eating habits before having diabetes
  2. 2.

    What did the author do after knowing she had diabetes?

    1. A.
      She stopped playing basketball in the gym
    2. B.
      She controlled her blood-sugar level strictly
    3. C.
      She stopped eating food with natural sugar
    4. D.
      She tested her blood-sugar level before every meal
  3. 3.

    What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 mean?

    1. A.
      Increase
    2. B.
      Control
    3. C.
      Absorb
    4. D.
      Test
  4. 4.

    What’s the author’s attitude toward her having diabetes now?

    1. A.
      Worried
    2. B.
      Frightened
    3. C.
      Pessimistic
    4. D.
      Positive

How the Iron of Tomorrow Can Change Your Lifestyle Today.
(the first Self Cleaning Iron)
General Electric introduces the iron of tomorrow. The iron can clean itself inside where an iron gets dirty. Because it cleans itself each time you empty it. How? With a push of a magic blue button.
◆The magic blue button
The first thing you’ll notice that’s different about this iron is the blue button on the side. It’s marked "Self Clean". Push this blue button, and you can wash out loose mineral deposits(沉淀物) that remain and block up inside. Push this button, and you’ve made life a lot easier.
◆Less chance of brown spots
Sure, Self Cleaning Iron is going to cut down on brown spots. (Those ugly spots that happen on nice, cleanly pressed clothes.) Because a Self Cleaning Iron becomes clean each time you press that magic blue button.
◆Steams better longer
Common sense tells you that if you’ve an iron that blocks less often it has to stay younger for a long period of time. In other words, it steams better longer. That’s another joy of ow­ning General Electric’s Self Cleaning Iron.
◆What does it mean to you
Today you are doing so much more than just running a house and running after the kids. You’re working. You’re going to school. It’s all part of your lifestyle. The iron can change that lifestyle by giving you less trouble before you iron. If we can make it easier for you to be a better wife, a better mother, a better housekeeper, we want to. The new Self Cleaning Iron is another one of Home-Makers from Gener­al Electric.
Lifestyle .We are with yours. Gener­al Electric

  1. 1.

    This passage is ________

    1. A.
      an introduction to General Electric
    2. B.
      an operating instruction of Self Cleaning Iron
    3. C.
      an advertisement of Self Cleaning Iron
    4. D.
      a description of the change of lifestyle
  2. 2.

    This iron can clean itself by ________

    1. A.
      emptying itself
    2. B.
      washing out mineral deposits
    3. C.
      blocking up mineral deposits
    4. D.
      giving off more steam
  3. 3.

    According to the passage, what is most likely to attract the customers?

    1. A.
      It is made by General Electric
    2. B.
      The iron will not produce mineral deposits
    3. C.
      There will be fewer brown spots on pressed clothes
    4. D.
      Their clothes will be cleaned at the same time
  4. 4.

    Self Cleaning Iron can help change your lifestyle because________

    1. A.
      you can run your house better
    2. B.
      you don’t have to run after the kids
    3. C.
      you can use it while you are working
    4. D.
      we want you to be a better housekeeper

At 20 year of age F.W. Woolworth found work in exchange for room and board at a local dry goods store , and after his employers held a successful clearance sale he saw the possibilities of a discount store. His key improvements were having the goods on open display instead of behind the counter , and having prices plainly marked instead of bargaining.
With borrowed funds he opened his first F.W. Woolworth store in the suburb of Utica, New York in 1879, but the store closed the following year . Deciding that his problem had been a poor location. He opened a new store in downtown Lancaster, Pennsylyania in 1881. Within months he was opening multiple stores in business partnerships with local retailers,and within a few years Woolworth was a millionaire. In 1909 he opened his first store in England, and in 1913 the company opened its new headquarters in New York’s Woolworth Building—then the tallest building in the world.
Woolworth had a deep fear of dentists , allowing his teeth to rot ,and died of a dental(牙齿)lunch counters in many stores , Woolworth was America’s largest restaurant chain through the 1940s. The company peaked as the world’s largest department store chain in the late 1970s, with more than 4 . 000 stores. By the late 1990s business was sputtering (喷溅), and the company closed all of its American department stores,renamed itself Venator, and sold the Woolworth Building . In 2003 Venator renamed itself after the company’s most successful division, Foot Locker, Inc . Under separate ownership , Woolworth stores are still operated in Austria , Germany , Mexico, South Africa , and the United Kingdom

  1. 1.

    The first F. W. Woolworth store failed mainly because     

    1. A.
      it was located too far away from the city center
    2. B.
      it was a new brand for customers
    3. C.
      its goods are much too expensive
    4. D.
      it was inconvenient for customers to choose goods
  2. 2.

    A clearance sale offers customers a good chance    

    1. A.
      to make a purchase on cash
    2. B.
      to buy something in a very low price
    3. C.
      to bargain with the sellers
    4. D.
      to pick up what you like for free
  3. 3.

    Which is the right order of events that happened in this passage?
    a.Woolworth became a millionaire
    b.first F. W. Woolworth store opened
    c.F.W. Woolworth found work at a local dry goods store
    d.The company peaked as the world’s largest department store chain
    e.Woolworth died of a dental infection

    1. A.
      d-b-c-e-a
    2. B.
      a-c-b-d-e
    3. C.
      c-b-a-e-d
    4. D.
      a-d-e-c-b
  4. 4.

    We know from this passage that      

    1. A.
      Woolworth built the tallest building in the world in 1913
    2. B.
      the number of Woolworth reached its peak before the death of F.W. Woolworth
    3. C.
      offering free lunch is one of the characters of Woolworth store store chain
    4. D.
      Woolworth had no chain stores in America for about 20 years
  5. 5.

    F.W.Woolworth’s success mainly owes to      

    1. A.
      his hard working and diligent efforts
    2. B.
      his gifted talent in selling
    3. C.
      his new market concept and sales model
    4. D.
      his rich experience in the dry goods store
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