Question

【题目】（题文）Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

The ridge (脊状) structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily. With special methods, identification (识别)can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Special techniques are used to “print” them. Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

【1】（小题1）Scientists and experts have proved that the pattern of a human being's finger skin____.

A. is similar to his mother's

B. is valuable to himself only

C. is like that of others with the same type of blood

D. is different from that of all others

【2】（小题2）If your fingers are wounded by knife, fire or other means, the structure of skin will _____.

A. be changed partly B. be replaced by a different one

C. be the same when the wound is recovered D. become ugly

【3】（小题3）Some criminals remove their own finger-prints by ______.

A. using printer's ink B. injuring the inner skin

C. damaging the outer skin D. damaging the colour

【4】（小题4）Finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case because it ______.

A. is complicated but reliable B. is simple and not expensive

C. is expensive but easy to do D. can bring a lot of money

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】【1】D

【2】【2】C

【3】【3】B

【4】【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，世界上每个人的指纹都是不一样的，并且指纹是很难改变的，人们利用指纹的这一特点进行身份识别。

【1】【1】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.”可知科学家和专家都已经证明了指纹的独特性，也发现了不会有类似的指纹被遗传。也就是说每个人的指纹都是不一样的。故D项正确。

【2】【2】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.”可知烧伤、割伤以及其他队外皮的伤害都会恢复，而且形成的指纹与原来的指纹是一样的。故C项正确。

【3】【3】推理判断题。根据第二段后两句“It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.”可知只有在内层皮肤受伤的时候，指纹才会被改变，有些罪犯就利用这个特点改变自己的指纹。故B项正确。

【4】【4】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第四句“Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.”可知因为指纹识别系统很简单，成本也比较低，所以才会被用在处理犯罪案件里。故B项正确。

细节理解题是高考阅读理解的常见题型，细节理解题主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等；议论文中例证细节；定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。主要利用寻读法（先读题，带着题干信息快速浏览全文）分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用because，who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。

本文小题4就属于直接理解题，直接从第三段第四句“Because of the simplicity and low cost of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.”可以得出答案。