As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters．But if they use the computer too much, they may end up for 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters．But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes（笔画）of each Chinese character when writing on paper．Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more．

Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school．And computer dependence is more wide-spread among university students．Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer．

All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer．

It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer．And that's why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education．But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear．

“When I'm writing with a pen, I find I often can't remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it．”

“I'm not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper．”

Many students don't feel this is something to worry about．Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?

Many educators think differently．Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said, “Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic （审美的） value．But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value．All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost．And handwriting contains the writer's emotion．Through one's handwriting, people can get to know one's thinking and personality．Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them．”

To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory （必修的） and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand．

1．Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

A．The Importance of Handwriting and Typing．

B．To Type or To Hand Write

C．Writing By Computer Will Replace Writing By Hand

D．Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters．

2．The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because _______．

A．they are usually asked to e-mail their Homework and Essays

B．they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently

C．they find it not easy to remember how to write a character

D．computers have become a trend and fashion in China．

3．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of the advantages of handwriting?

A．Handwriting contains the writer's emotion．

B．The writer’s thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting,

C．Handwriting can impress people well and build one’s self-confidence

D．Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value．

4．The underlined expression “taking stock in” （Paragraph 4） probably means ______．

A．getting bored with B．getting dependent on

C．becoming crazy about D．getting curious about

5．We can draw the conclusion from the passage that _______．

A．more and more students will give up writing on a computer

B．writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day

C．more and more students will pay attention to handwriting

D．the typing article better expresses one’s emotion and quality

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Have you ever walked outside thinking it was one temperature but quickly discovered it felt colder? That is because of the “wind chill” effect.
Wind chill is how cold people and animals feel when they are outside, not the actual temperature on the thermometer(温度计). It is based on how quickly your body loses heat when it is exposed to wind and cold. When the wind is strong, your body quickly loses heat, making the temperature of your skin drop.
When scientists first started calculating wind chill, they used research conducted in 1945 by explorers to Antarctica who measured how quickly water froze outside.
But water freezes faster than exposed skin, so the wind chill index based on that data wasn’t accurate.
In 2001, the US government began to measure wind chill more precisely by testing how quickly people’s skin froze.
Twelve volunteers were placed in a chilled wind tunnel. Equipment was stuck to their faces to measure the heat flow from their cheeks, forehead, nose and chin while they walked three miles per hour on a treadmill(跑步机).
The experiment revealed how quickly exposed skin can be damaged, particularly unprotected areas like your fingers, toes, the tip of your nose and your ear lobes. In fact, 40 percent of your body heat can be lost through your head! Signs you might have frostbite(冻疮) are when the skin turns white or pale and you lose feeling in that area.
The information collected from the volunteers helped scientists work out the math to compute wind chill. It involves wind speed and air temperature.
If, for example, the temperature outside is zero degrees Fahrenheit and the wind is blowing at 15 miles per hour, the wind chill is calculated at 19 degrees below zero. At that wind chill temperature, exposed skin can freeze in 30 minutes.
You can find a calculation table at www.nws.noaa.gov/om/windchill/index.shtml.
Experts advise in cold weather that you wear loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing, worn on top of each other. Air caught between the clothes will keep you warm. The best cold-weather coats have head coverings made of woven material that keep out water. So next time the temperature drops and you want to play outside, listen to your parents when they tell you to wrap up warm!
【小题1】 According to the text, wind chill _______.

A．means how fast exposed skin freezes

B．doesn’t affect your head as much as other body parts

C．changes according to the temperature on the thermometer

D．changes from person to person depending on their health

【小题2】 When might a person have frostbite according to the passage?

A．When his skin turns red and he loses feeling in that area.

B．When he is running faster and he is losing strength quickly.

C．When his face is exposed and quickly loses heat even indoors.

D．When his skin turns pale and he has no feeling in that area.

【小题3】 What factors influence wind chill?

A．A person’s body temperature and will speed.

B．Wind speed and a person’s strength.

C．Air temperature and wind speed.

D．The location and air temperature.

【小题4】 What can we conclude from the passage?

A．It was in 1945 that scientists first began to calculate wind chill.

B．Compared with water, people’s exposed skin freezes more slowly.

C．The wind chill index based on Antarctica data is considered a standard.

D．With the development of technology, many previous researches have been proven wrong.

We all know something about Thomas Edison. He was a great American   21  .He was in school for only a short time. 22 , he had to leave the school and   23 himself at home and learned a lot. When Edison grew up, he had his own lab. He worked hard and hardly   24  to have a rest.
One day a friend of his brought a young man into his lab. He   25 the young man to Edison. He said the young man had studied in a famous university in Germany and had a lot of   26  of physics and maths. Edison was glad to work with a man like him and   27  him as a helper. A few weeks later, the young   28  about Edison’s past. He began to look down on him. Edison   29  about it, but he said   30  .
Once the young man came into the lab while Edison   31  an important experiment. He stood near the table   32  he didn’t help him. Edison stopped   33  out a bottle and said, “Go to calculate (计算)its volume(容积)and tell me the   34  in two hours.”
At first the young man thought it easy to do it. Soon he   35  it difficult. Two hours later Edison went into his office and saw a lot of paper and books on his desk. Of course he couldn’t compute the volume in the time   36  .
“Why not pour some   37  into the bottle?” said Edison. “Then you’ll   38  calculate its volume!” Having heard this, the young man’s   39  turned red, and he knew Edison was really   40 than him!

The home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years . Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use . But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficult for human beings to work out. Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories(库存货物) and to send bills to their customers(顾客) . Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with other offices. People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.

One important new use for computers is for entertainment(娱乐). Many new games have been designed to be played on the computers. People of all ages have been playing these games, People also have been buying home computers to play computer games, watch movies and listen to concerts at home. They have become very popular indeed.

1. Computers used to _____.

A. work rapidly B. be large and expensive

C. be easy to use D. be used for fun

2. In recent years , computers are being made ______.

A. larger and more expensive B. smaller and cheaper

C. more difficult to use D. to work more slowly

3. Home computers can be used for ______.

A. writing letters B. playing games

C. doing business D. all of the above

4. Salesmen use computers mainly to ______.

A. check the list of goods and materials that are kept in the store house

B. play games for pleasure

C. talk with their friends

D. write letters

The home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States in the last ten years. Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use. But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses.

Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficult for human beings to work out. Some have voices that speak to their operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories and to send bills to their customers. Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with other offices. People also use computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.

One important new use of computers is for entertainment. Many new games have been designed to be played on computers. People of all ages play these games. People also buy home computers to watch movies and listen to concerts at home. They have become very popular indeed.

1.Compared with those of today, computers used to ______.

A. work rapidly B. be used for fun

C. be large and expensive D. be easy to use

2.In recent years, computers have become ______.

A. more and more difficult to use B. slower and slower

C. more and more expensive D. smaller and smaller

3.Home computers can be used for ______.

A. doing business B. writing letters

C. playing games D. all of the above

4.Salesmen use computers mainly to ______.

A. talk with their friends

B. write letters

C. check the list of goods and send bills

D. play games for pleasure

A mysterious machine found in a 2,000-year-old Greek shipwreck may have been used to calculate the positions of planets, predict when eclipses (日、月蚀) were to occur, and study other parts of astronomy (天文学). When it was found underwater about 100 years ago, the machine was in poor shape. Its metal pieces had become one mass (堆), and then broke into pieces.

When the researchers began to study what was left of the machine, they thought it might have something to do with astronomy. To find out more, they recently used advanced imaging methods, including X-ray computer tomography (断层摄影术), to look inside the metal parts and to check for ancient writing on the machine.

According to their research, the researchers believed that this machine could have been used to compute eclipses of the sun and moon and was also able to show the movements of planets. A user could pick a day in the future and, work out a planet’s position on that date by moving some sort of crank (曲柄) on the machine.

Besides, the researchers discovered that the machine had at least 30 bronze gears (齿轮) with as many as 225 teeth, likely all cut by hand.

With all the collected information, the researchers came up with a new model for how the machine operated. The model has 29 of the 30 known gears and five more that were probably there but never found. Also，the new picture adds a previously undiscovered spiral dial (螺旋刻度盘) to the back of the machine near the bottom. A hand moving around the dial could have pointed to eclipses over a period of 18 years.

71. The passage is most probably taken from _____.

A. a short-story collection

B. a popular science magazine

C. a political report

D. an old personal diary

72. What is the passage mainly about?

A. New research on calculating the positions of planets.

B. A popular way of computing eclipses of the sun and moon.

C. Scientists’ interest in the secrets of a 2,000-year-old Greek shipwreck.

D. A mysterious machine which could be used for astronomical research.

73. What do we learn from the third paragraph of the passage?

A. The machine might have been used to calculate the positions of the planets.

B. Scientists made great progress in predicting eclipses of the sun and moon.

C. The researchers discovered some secrets in the Greek shipwreck.

D. The machine can be of great help for people working out the sizes of planets.

74. The researchers made a new model because they____.

A. wished to repair the broken machine

B. wanted to study the shipwreck more conveniently

C. hoped to know how the machine worked

D. expected it to be used in modern scientific research

75. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the old machine?

A. It has 35 gears on it.

B. It has a spiral dial.

C. It was invented about 100 years ago.

D. Its gears have many teeth.

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