题目内容

【题目】One day, Amy is digging in the ground for a potato when along comes Tom. Seeing that there is no one in sight, Tom starts to scream. Tom’s angry mother rushes over and drives Amy away. Once his mum has gone, Tom helps himself to Amy’s potato.

We’ve all experienced similar annoying tricks when we were young—the brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him. But Amy and Tom are not humans. They’re African baboons(狒狒). __【1】___

Tom’s scream and his mother’s attack on Amy could have been a matter of chance, but Tom was later seen playing the same tricks on others. __2__

Studying behavior like this is complicated but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated. _3___ An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting. When she found nothing, she “walked back, hit me over the head with her hand and ignored me for the rest of the day.”

Another way to decide whether an animal’s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal. A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy. “He slowly stole up behind the other ape, walking on tiptoe. When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, then ran indoors.” Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe. ___4___ But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying.

It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies. _5___ Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence.

A. An amusing example of this comes from a psychologist working in Tanzania.

B. And playing tricks is as much a part of monkey behavior as it is of human behavior.

C. So the psychologists asked his colleagues if they had noticed this kind of trickery.

D. Of course it’s possible that it could have learnt from humans that such behavior works, without understanding why.

E. This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks commonly

used by baboons.

F. The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use

of tools.

G. In most cases the animal probably doesn’t know it is cheating.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】E

【4】D

【5】F

【解析】

试题分析: 文章由一个小故事引起,写了动物们理解人类智力的发展之路。

【1】B由 But Amy and Tom are not humans. They’re African baboons(狒狒)可知下面写出的事狒狒和人类的不同点,所以选B。

【2】A由Studying behavior like this is complicated but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated可知当它们受骗的表现,所以A符合题意。

【3】E由 An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting. 可知前面也有一个玩笑,所以选E。

【4】D由it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying.可知与D选项对应,所以选D。

【5】F由Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence.可知前文可能提到intelligence,所以选F。

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【题目】Who hasn't found themselves reaching for the closest food available when they're tired and stressed? More and more research is proving that this isn't all in our mind. Some foods really do lead to a change in our moods (心情).

Carbohydrate (碳水化合物) for calm

This is how some people medicate(治疗) themselves with food — by reaching for cookies or pasta(意大利面食) whenever they're upset. Unfortunately, it doesn't always work. You must eat a meal consisting of 100% carbohydrate, on an empty stomach, to obtain the serotonin (血清素) increase so that you have a good mood.

To get the wishedfor effect, you must not eat anything for four hours and then eat at least 30 grams of straight carbohydrate. Dry cereal (谷类食品), a piece of bread with jam, or a potato should do_the_trick.

Protein (蛋白质) for power

Of course, sometimes we don't need to be calm and sleepy.Sometimes we need a great deal of mental concentration, so this is when it's important to mix protein and carbohydrate. The protein will prevent the tryptophan (色氨酸) from flooding your brain,and the rise in serotonin(血清素) won't occur.

Why dessert makes us happy

Fat and sugar cause the brain to let go endorphins (内啡肽), which send pleasure signals throughout the body. This would be fine, except humans are not particularly good at stopping at one cookie or cake.

You can also satisfy your sweet tooth by choosing fruit for dessert.

Timing your meals for energy

Blood sugar drops after four hours of going without food, causing a decrease(减少) in energy. Eating usually fixes this within 20 to 30 minutes, but don't suppose that eating more will cause a faster increase in energy.

When you eat has as much of an effect on your mood as what you eat. If you regularly go for a long period of time between meals, rethink your schedule and plan ahead.

【1】The underlined phrase do_the_trick in the third paragraph means ________.

A.be extremely smart

B.intend to cheat someone

C.bring about the desired result

D.do something to amuse people

【2】The function of protein is ________.

A.to help you keep calm and sleepy

B.to make you feel energetic

C.to lead you to slowness

D.to increase serotonin in your brain

【3】We can infer from the last two parts that ________.

A.fat and sugar can greatly help people feel happy

B.we humans tend to eat lots of cookies and cakes

C.the more we eat, the faster we will gain energy

D.what we eat is more important than when we eat

【4】The main idea of the passage is ________.

A.eating for a better mood

B.eating to make you calm

C.eating for more protein

D.eating to make us strong

【题目】【原创】In the " Mystery Spot" in California, you will be able to experience what it's like to live in a gravity-free world, without ever leaving the earth.

Discovered in 1939, the area where Mystery Spot is located was originally marked for a summer cabin. But when people tried to chart the plot, their instruments started going out of control. Investigators that were sent to look into the strange phenomenon reported feeling light-headed as though some invisible force was trying to knock them off balance. The decision to build the summer cabin was abandoned. Instead, the owners decided to build a structure that they called the Mystery Spot and open it to the public so that everyone could experience it.

Over the years, thousands of tourists have flooded to the 150-square-foot area to see short people appear the same height as tall ones and experience leaning at impossible angles without falling over.

So what causes these strange things to happen? Some believe that it is because the area is an electromagnetic(电磁的) hotspot, while others are convinced that there are some unknown geological forces at work to contradict the law of gravity.

Rational scientists have thrown cold water on all these theories. In 1981, Ray Hyman, a psychology professor, conducted a study on this and other similar mystery spots that have been " discovered" in various parts of the country. His conclusion? It's because of the way the structures have been constructed.

Though they appear to be normal structures, they are like funhouses, filled with floors that are not level, corners that are not squared and walls that are not vertical.

Some experts believe that mystery spots such as the one in Santa Cruz are a product of the Great Depression, when the only industry that was growing in America was entertainment.

【1What can we do in the " Mystery Spot" in California?

A. To experience what it is like to have no gravity. '

B. To make preparations to leave the earth for space.

C. To communicate with astronauts in space.

D. To look for answers to many mysteries.

【2What does the underlined word "it" refer to in Para. 2 ?

A. Charting a place with advanced instruments.

B. Being made light-hearted and happy by some force.

C. What it's like to have no gravity in a place.

D. Seeing short people grow tall.

【3What's the explanation of some rational scientists to the strange phenomenon?

A. The Mystery Spot is located in an electromagnetic hotspot.

B. There are some unknown geological forces underground.

C. The Mystery Spot is a normal structure like funhouses.

D. The Mystery Spot was built in a special way,

【4After the Mystery Spot was built, it _________.

A. has become a spot where hot movies are made

B. has become a tourist attraction

C. has been a place where short people always go

D. has become a scientific research center

【题目】In the past, the expression "children should be seen and not heard" summed up the attitude of parents to heir children. Children were expected to be disciplined, well-behaved and the parents ruled the home. But today parents seem to do everything for their children and control all aspects of their lives. Some call this overparenting. Parents take charge of everything: from what pre-school their kids attend to the pastimes they take up. Parents feel they must protect their children to increase their chances for success. As a result children do less than ever before.

There are two reasons for overparenting. First, people now have fewer children than in years past so they can give each one more attention. Secondly, parents feel the future of their family is now dependent on only one child, so they must do as much as possible to help their child succeed.

But overparenting has negative consequences. Children are less independent now and are protected from the hardships and failures that teach them determination and give them the satisfaction of accomplishment. Also the pressure kids feel to be successful means they experience more anxiety and depression than ever before.

〔写作内容〕

1.以约30个词概括这段短文的内容;

2.然后以约120个词表达你对父母过度照顾子女这一现象的观点。内容包括:

(1)以你自己或他人成长的某次经历,说明父母过度照顾对子女的影响;

(2)表达你在此方面对父母的希望或建议。

[写作要求]

1.在作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准] 概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。

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