题目内容

Humans and many other mammals have unusually efficient internal temperature regulating systems that automatically maintain stable core body temperatures（核心体温）in cold winters and warm summers. In addition, people have developed cultural patterns and technologies that help them adjust to extremes of temperature and humidity（湿度）.

In very cold climates, there is a constant danger of developing hypothermia（低体温）, which is a life threatening drop in core body temperature to below normal levels. The normal temperature for humans is about 37.0°C. However, differences in persons and even the time of day can cause it to be as much as 6°C higher or lower in healthy individuals. It is also normal for core body temperature to be lower in elderly people. Hypothermia begins to occur when the core body temperature drops to 34.4°C. Below 29.4°C, the body cools more rapidly because its natural temperature regulating system usually fails. The rapid decline in core body temperature is likely to result in death. However, there have been rare cases in which people have been saved after their temperatures had dropped to 13.9-15.6°C. This happened in 1999 to a Swedish woman who was trapped under an ice sheet in freezing water for 80 minutes. She was found unconscious, not breathing, and her heart had stopped beating, yet she was eventually saved despite the fact that her temperature had dropped to 13.7°C.

In extremely hot climates or as a result of uncontrollable infections, core body temperatures can rise to equally dangerous levels. This is hyperthermia. Life threatening hyperthermia typically starts in humans when their temperatures rise to 40.6-41.7°C. Only a few days at this extraordinarily high temperature level is likely to result in the worsening of internal organs and death.

1.Why can humans keep stable body temperatures in different seasons?

A．Because their bodies are unusually efficient.

B．Because they experience different climates.

C．Because they can adjust to cultural patterns and technologies.

D．Because they have internal temperature regulating systems.

2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly discuss?

A．The dangerous effects of hypothermia.

B．The change of body temperature.

C．The survival of the Swedish woman.

D．The regulating systems of natural temperature.

3.People are unlikely to survive under the body temperature .

A．higher than 34.4°C B．lower than 29.4°C

C．between 40.6-41.7°C D．between 34.4-37°C

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A．Surviving in an ice trap

B．Getting to know hypothermia

C．Adapting to climate extremes

D．Changing core body temperature

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

“If we can set it up so you can’t unlock your phone unless you’ve got the right fingerprint(指纹),” Barack Obama asked last Tuesday, “why can’t we do the same thing for our guns?” For this reasonable-sounding question, the president was praised throughout the media.

As it happens, though, there is a good answer to this question: there is no market for guns that work just some of the time. Guns are simple things designed to operate as easily and reliably as possible. The introduction of electronics eats away this simplicity, and to a degree that is absolutely unacceptable to the consumer. As President Obama well knows, the fingerprint software on his phone works rather erratically: Often it takes a user two or three tries to log in; occasionally, it falls asleep deeply and obeys the password. When this happens on an phone, the user is mildly inconvenienced. If this were to happen on a gun, the user would be dead. There is a reason that modern smartphones put the camera function outside of the authentication(认证) process.

How could we possibly think that guns are the same as other commercial products? It is true that, say, cars have become considerably safer over the last few decades; true, too, that “research” has contributed to this improvement. But it matters enormously that a car is not intended to hurt people, and that in a perfect world nobody would ever be injured by one. Can we say the same of guns? Of course not. Guns are killing machines, designed to do damage to living things. In fact, they have no other purpose. As such, the salient(突出的) question before any free people is not “are guns dangerous?” they are, but “who gets them, and why?”

This is not to say that nothing at all can be done to improve public safety. On an individual level, gun owners should do everything to ensure that their guns are kept away from children, and, where possible, they should train themselves in case they are ever called upon to shoot in anger. At the national level, the combination of better policing and economic growth can help to reduce crime—and, indeed, it has. In 1993, gun crime was more than twice as common as it is now, and there were fewer guns in circulation. Unpleasant as it is in its own right, that we have reached the point at which two-thirds of all guns-related deaths are deliberately self-inflicted (自虐) is a small victory.

How to deal with those deaths that remain? That is a tricky one. I do not know the answer, and nor, frankly, does anybody else. But selling fantasies to the ignorant is not going to cut it.

1.What does the writer mainly argue in this passage?

A. Gun crime has been greatly reduced.

B. The idea of smart guns is not realistic.

C. Gun control will not succeed in America.

D. Guns-related deaths deserve public attention.

2.The underlined word “erratically” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.

A. with effectiveness

B. with passion and energy

C. in an unpredictable manner

D. in a reasonable and fair way

3. The writer supports his ideas in Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly by ________.

A. analyzing statistics(数据)

B. presenting problems and solutions

C. quoting the authorities(引用权威)

D. making comparisons and contrasts

4.Which of the following might the writer NOT agree with?

A. Few know how to deal with guns-related deaths.

B. Efforts to improve public safety have partly paid off.

C. The nature of guns makes them different from other products.

D. Guns using fingerprint software can risk the lives of the users.

完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control , like the weather? Is time the same all over the world? That's an easy question, you say. you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. Well, maybe. But in America, time is that. Americans see time as a valuable . Maybe that's why they are of the expression, "Time is money."

To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing for other people's time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually an apology, and maybe an explanation. People are running late often call ahead to let others know of the . Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly . At informal get-togethers, , people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the time. But they usually don't try that at work.

American lifestyles show people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often the time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost a(n) to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friends will just unannounced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they be in bed. The time may vary, but most folks think about calling after 10:00 p.m.

1.A. bought B. ignored C. spent D. killed

2.A. over B. in C. with D. for

3.A. However B. Whenever C. Whatever D. Wherever

4.A. less than B. no more than C. not more than D. more than

5.A. resource B. material C. source D. factor

6.A. short B. fond C. crazy D. enthusiastic

7.A. preference B. mercy C. respect D. hatred

8.A. calls for B. arises from C. makes for D. results from

9.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

10.A. time B. result C. explanation D. delay

11.A. in time B. on time C. ahead of time D. over time

12.A. such as B. in a word C. for example D. as usual

13.A. assigned B. appointed C. approved D. assessed

14.A. how many B. how far C. how much D. how soon

15.A. set B. prepare C. use D. quit

16.A. emergency B. pleasure C. period D. emotion

17.A. write B. claim C. inform D. call

18.A. drop out B. drop by C. drop off D. drop behind

19.A. must B. might C. need D. shall

20.A. first B. last C. once D. twice

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is sad but true that people die in earthquakes 1. falling furniture and bricks. Earthquake 2. (safe) is very important and there is more to it 3. just keeping buildings from falling down. So if your home is in an earthquake area, you should prepare carefully before the earthquake 4. (come).

First, make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe. All pipes should be fixed to the walls and all walls should be 5. (especial) thick and strong. Make sure the building has no 6. (break) windows and is well repaired.

Second, look at the objects in your house. Objects 7. computers, televisions and lamps can be tied to tables or 8. (stick) to them so they won’t easily move around. The cupboards, 9. many small things are stored, should have strong doors. Always remember, 10. (good) safe than sorry.

书面表达

假定你是李华，你所在的“中国剪纸文化的传承（inheritance）和发展”课题研究小组刚刚获得今年的“中国大智汇创新研究挑战赛（China Thinks Big 2016）”二等奖。请你写信给你的外籍教师史密斯先生，感谢他一直以来对你们的支持与帮助。要点如下：

1. 比赛时间：4 月 18-20 日；

2. 比赛地点：哈佛（Harvard）上海中心；

3. 课题与收获；

4. 感谢与祝愿。

注意：1. 词数 100 左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头与结尾已为你写好。

Dear Mr. Smith,

I am Li Hua, a student of yours.

Yours,

Li Hua

改错

Our school was founded in 1989. It’s in the foot of a mountain. It’s a real beautiful school in our city, that many flowers and trees have been planted. There is no dormitory for student in the school so no one else lives in it. School starts at seven o’clock but we have to get up very early in∧morning to go to school from home. There are many activities in our school. That we like most is the sports meeting, and they all take an active part in it. The school basketball team won the national match in 2015, earn a great honor for our school.

Leeds Castle is in Kent, England. 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Maidstone. It is built on islands in a lake formed by the River Len to the cast of the village of Leeds. It has been open to the public since 1976.

Opening time: April to September. 10:00—18:00 October to March: 10:00~17:00 Tickets：Tickets are valid for one year from date of purchase giving free repeat visits to the Castle, grounds and attractions. Excludes special ticketed events and Christmas Day.

Adult tickets: ￡24 single

Child tickets: ￡16 single (4~15 years old)

Kid ticket: free (under 4)

Transportation:

Coach or express: National Express from London to Leeds Castle directly

Train: Any train from southern cities to Bearsted. transfer by Spot Travel to Leeds Castle. 15 minutes' ride, goes by each hour.

The Upstairs Tour: Thursday 21st April, 11:30am

See the State bedrooms, not normally on show to the public. Hear about the guests of the roaring 1920s. see the bedroom where Edward and Simpson stayed and where Pavarotti was accommodated during his visit.

Price: ￡5 per person. A valid entrance ticket is required per person

Embroidery (刺绣）Taster Workshop: Sunday 5th June, 10:30am

Learn the basics with expert supervision from members of the Embroiderers Association and sew your own small piece of embroidery to lake home and frame to turn into a cushion or handmade greeting card.

Price: ￡20 per person.

A valid entrance ticket is required per person. Includes refreshments and all materials.

1.How much should an adult with a child pay to enter Leeds Castle?

A. ￡10. B. ￡24. C.￡16. D. ￡40.

2.What can visitors see during the Upstairs Tour?

A. Pavarotti. B. The State bedrooms.

C. A show. D. Artworks.

3.To visit the Embroidery Taster Workshop, you have to_ .

A. get an entrance ticket

B. show your greeting card

C. know about embroidery

D. join an association

I fell in love with England because it was quaint（古雅）---all those little houses, looking terribly old-fashioned but nice, like dolls’ houses. I loved the countryside and the pubs, and I loved London. I’ve slightly changed my mind after seventeen years because I think it’s an ugly town now.

Things have changed. For everybody, England meant gentlemen, fair play, and good manners. The fair play is going, unfortunately, and so are the gentlemanly attitudes and good manners---people shut doors heavily to your face and politeness is disappearing.

I regret that there are so few comfortable meeting places. You’re forced to live indoors. In Paris I go out much more, to restaurants and nightclubs. To meet friends here it usually has to be in a pub, and it can be difficult to go there alone as a woman. The cafes are not terribly nice.

As a woman, I feel unsafe here. I spend a bomb（大量的钱）on taxis because I will not take public transport after 10 p. m. I used to use it, but now I’m afraid.

The idea of family seems to be more or less non-existent in England. My family is well united and that’s typically French. In Middlesex I had a neighbor who is 82 now. His family only lived two miles away, but I took him to France for Christmas once because he was always alone.

1.The writer doesn’t like London because she______.

A. has to be polite to everyone she meets there

B. has lived there for seventeen years

C. prefers to live in an old-fashioned house

D. is not used to the life there now

2.Where do people usually meet their friends in England? ______.

A. In a cafe. B. In a restaurant

C. In a night club D. In a pub.

3.The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to______.

A. a taxi B. the money

C. public transport D. a bomb

Paula waited until all the luggage was cleared，__________ hers never appeared．

A．orB．soC．asD．but

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