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书面表达

假定你是李华,你所在的“中国剪纸文化的传承(inheritance)和发展”课题研究小组刚刚获得今年的“中国大智汇创新研究挑战赛(China Thinks Big 2016)”二等奖。请你写信给你的外籍教师史密斯先生,感谢他一直以来对你们的支持与帮助。要点如下:

1. 比赛时间:4 月 18-20 日;

2. 比赛地点:哈佛(Harvard)上海中心;

3. 课题与收获;

4. 感谢与祝愿。

注意:1. 词数 100 左右;

2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3. 信的开头与结尾已为你写好。

Dear Mr. Smith,

I am Li Hua, a student of yours.

Yours,

Li Hua

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On a hot August morning, in a classroom overlooking New York’s Hudson River, a teacher guides a group of 3-year-olds completely in Chinese. This is just a language summer camp run by the primary school Bilingual Buds, which offers a year-round course in Chinese as well as Spanish for kids as young as 2.

A lot of research now shows the regular, high-level use of more than one language may actually improve early brain development. Knowing two or more languages can improve the ability to focus, decide and deal with information better. These important skills are grouped together, known in brain terms as “executive function”. The research suggests they develop ahead of time in bilingual children, and are already evident in kids as young as 3 or 4. Bilingual education, common in many countries, is a growing trend across the United States, with 440 elementary schools offering the study in Spanish, Chinese and French.

But Tamar Gollan, a professor at the University of California, has found a vocabulary gap between children who speak only one language and those who grow up with more. On average, the more language spoken, the smaller the vocabulary in each one. Gollan’s research suggests that while that gap narrows as children grow, it does not disappear completely. Gollan says, “Vocabulary tests help us find that bilinguals have the disadvantage, where you know the word but you just can’t get it out.”

In fact some of the values of bilingualism can’t be measured at all, of course. To speak more than one language is to open the mind to more than one culture or way of life.

Bilinguals also appear to be better at learning other new languages. Clarisse spent her early childhood in Switzerland speaking French. At 6, she learned English. Later she learned Spanish, German, and, during three years living in Tokyo, Japanese. Now she has easily mastered several languages.

1.Why should children learn more than one language according to Paragraph 2?

A. Because it can do good to children’s brain development.

B. Because it’s part of a language summer camp.

C. Because it is common in many countries.

D. Because it is popular with children.

2.The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 probably refers to _________.

A. many countries

B. bilingual children

C. these important skills

D. two or more languages

3.According to Tamar Gollan, __________.

A. knowing two or more languages can improve children’s skills

B. the more languages children know, the better they will be

C. children had better not take vocabulary tests

D. bilingual education is not always good to children

4. From the passage we can learn_________.

A. Clarisse likes French best instead of Japanese

B. bilingual education is mainly loved by children

C. bilinguals can have a disadvantage in learning other new languages

D. knowing more languages can help children learn more about foreign cultures

Imagine the following scenario (情形): A woman buys her lunch every day from a fast food outlet near her job. After some years, she finds herself 30 pounds overweight, and feeling unhealthy. So what does she do? She chooses to bring a lawsuit against the fast food outlet, aiming that the food served there was the cause of her being overweight and in poor health. Sounds ridiculous, doesn't it? The only thing more absurd than the story itself is the fact: that is not fiction. There are people who have sued fast food chains for causing their weight problems.

This is an example of one of the ways in which many of us spend enormous amounts of energy trying to deny the undeniable and universal fact that we are all ultimately responsible for our own choices and our own lives.

How much easier would we make it for ourselves if we could accept this fact rather than resist it? But how can you embrace the truth, that we are living the lives we choose to live, that we are enjoying or suffering the consequences (结果;后果) of our own choices, and that blaming others for our problems and shortcomings is nothing more than a comfortable fantasy?

We must acknowledge the truth of our lives, however unpleasant this may be.If we are overweight, in a bad relationship, in a dead end job, we need to accept that this is where we are, at this moment in time.

Imagine that woman decided that she was unhappy with the extra pounds she'd gained after many years of eating fast food on a regular basis. Imagine that this woman took the time to really understand and accept that no one else was responsible for her eating choices. Having acknowledged this fact, she then decides to make the changes in her lifestyle to become the healthier, slimmer person she wants to be.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Be Responsible for Our Own Choices

B. Overcome the Challenges in Our Life

C. Acknowledge the Truth Rather than Deny It

D. More than a Comfortable Fantasy

2.Why is the woman mentioned twice in the passage?

A. To show the right way of dealing with weight problems.

B. To describe a familiar scenery in life.

C. To give support to the author's viewpoint.

D. To compare the consequences of different choices.

3.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. Fast food chains contribute little to people's overweight problems actually.

B. Fast food outlets are responsible for many people to become overweight.

C. Many people tend to blame others for their own problems.

D. The author himself is a supporter of fast food chains.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

We all go through times when we feel we are not good enough. We might feel that way at work or in school or even as a parent. Here are some things to remember when you feel like that.

1..When I started my Ph.D. program, I felt like the dumbest person in every class. I couldn’t believe how many smart people were there. I didn’t know if I could measure up to their intelligence or compete in the same league with them. Years later, I found out that almost everyone felt this way, too.

You are unique and have special talents. If you can barely make Hamburger Helper , don’t compare yourself to your sister who is a chef(厨师). I’m sure you can do many things that she can’t. 2. You are you. You are not your sister.

You need to stop chasing perfection. It doesn’t exist. What’s perfect to me is not perfect to you. So if you think that there is some objective measurement of perfection and that the rest of the world is judging you against, then you are wrong. 3..

4..Our sense of self-worth is based in our thoughts. We have been programmed for many years with thoughts about ourselves. Messages come from our parents, our peers, teachers, the media and our own labels. But guess what? They are only thoughts. Just because you think these thoughts, it doesn’t make them true. 5..

A. You have the power to change your future.

B. So focus on your own passions and talents.

C. You are not the only one who feels this way.

D. If you love yourself for who you are, other people will notice.

E. You need to change your thought patterns.

F. One of my favorite sayings is, “Don’t believe a negative thought you think!”

G. Most people are too worried about their own lack of perfection to judge you.

Humans and many other mammals have unusually efficient internal temperature regulating systems that automatically maintain stable core body temperatures(核心体温)in cold winters and warm summers. In addition, people have developed cultural patterns and technologies that help them adjust to extremes of temperature and humidity(湿度).

In very cold climates, there is a constant danger of developing hypothermia(低体温), which is a life threatening drop in core body temperature to below normal levels. The normal temperature for humans is about 37.0°C. However, differences in persons and even the time of day can cause it to be as much as 6°C higher or lower in healthy individuals. It is also normal for core body temperature to be lower in elderly people. Hypothermia begins to occur when the core body temperature drops to 34.4°C. Below 29.4°C, the body cools more rapidly because its natural temperature regulating system usually fails. The rapid decline in core body temperature is likely to result in death. However, there have been rare cases in which people have been saved after their temperatures had dropped to 13.9-15.6°C. This happened in 1999 to a Swedish woman who was trapped under an ice sheet in freezing water for 80 minutes. She was found unconscious, not breathing, and her heart had stopped beating, yet she was eventually saved despite the fact that her temperature had dropped to 13.7°C.

In extremely hot climates or as a result of uncontrollable infections, core body temperatures can rise to equally dangerous levels. This is hyperthermia. Life threatening hyperthermia typically starts in humans when their temperatures rise to 40.6-41.7°C. Only a few days at this extraordinarily high temperature level is likely to result in the worsening of internal organs and death.

1.Why can humans keep stable body temperatures in different seasons?

A.Because their bodies are unusually efficient.

B.Because they experience different climates.

C.Because they can adjust to cultural patterns and technologies.

D.Because they have internal temperature regulating systems.

2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly discuss?

A.The dangerous effects of hypothermia.

B.The change of body temperature.

C.The survival of the Swedish woman.

D.The regulating systems of natural temperature.

3.People are unlikely to survive under the body temperature .

A.higher than 34.4°C B.lower than 29.4°C

C.between 40.6-41.7°C D.between 34.4-37°C

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Surviving in an ice trap

B.Getting to know hypothermia

C.Adapting to climate extremes

D.Changing core body temperature

英语知识运用

Last Christmas, I didn't get a single Christmas present. This wasn't a ______ I had asked for it. A week before Christmas. I decided that instead of ___presents. I wanted to buy presents for the 43 in the local orphanage (孤儿院).

When I told my family my plans, there was a lot of _____ . On Christmas Day, however. the _____ shocked me.

As I knocked on the door of the orphanage that morning. I fell _____ and unprepared for what was coming. I almost _ _____ , but then a woman opened the door and ______ as she led me in.

I'd heard a lot about how orphanages were _______ built but the reality was still a shock. I instantly ______ it. There were no smiles. It felt a bit like being in a huge house filled with forgotten. ______ kids.

I was taken to a room full of children, and was suddenly _______ at how empty it felt. I wanted to make these children smile. I felt ___ ,and I was.

But then, as my presents were _____ , the atmosphere in the room changed. I could see the ________ in the eyes of the children. My feeling of powerlessness _______. A little girl ran up to me and _____ my legs. I carried a little boy in my arms and he kissed me on the nose before lying___ ______ against my shoulder, which moved me to tears.

For many of us, Christmas is the best time of the year. The time I spent in the orphanage taught me that the _______ I felt at Christmases should not be taken for granted. It taught me to ______ everything that was mine.

1.A. joke B. holiday C. surprise D. story

2.A. distributing B. receiving C. donating D. exchanging

3.A. doctors B. patients C. workers D. children

4.A. support B. doubt C. disagreement D. humor

5.A. trend B. disaster C. reality D. emotion

6.A. energetic B. ashamed C. excited D. uncomfortable

7.A. turned up B. turned away C. broke down D. broke in

8.A. hesitated B. smiled C. whimpered D. cried

9.A. secretly B. frequently C. poorly D. randomly

10.A. hated B. left C. forgot D. abandoned

11.A. unwanted B. unwilling C. unbearable D. unconscious

12.A. regretful B. angry C. confused D. amused

13.A. proud B. encouraged C. disappointed D. powerless

14.A. picked out B. put aside C. turned down D. handed out

15.A. envy B. kindness C. excitement D. tension

16.A. arose B. grew C. disappeared D. returned

17.A. hugged B. bit C. scratched D. hit

18.A. heavily B. gently C. quickly D. guiltily

19.A. happiness B. gratitude C. respect D. loneliness

20.A. receive B. keep C contribute D. value

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