I.阅读理解

A [2015 •河北普通高中高三教学质量监测]

Martha Graham, born in 1894s was one of the most fa?mous dancers and creators of dance, whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the mod?ern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture. She created almost two hundred dance pieces. She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance.

Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. At that time, the dancers were looked down on. So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning. In 1916, she began her stud?ies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Re?lated Arts, founded by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing.

  In 1936, Graham made her defining work, Chronicle which signalled the beginning of a new era in modern dance. The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner. Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil War, it focused on depression and isolation, re?flected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes.

Graham continued to dance when past the age of seven?ty. Once again* she met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn't give up. Her last comple?ted ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag. A Dancer's Life is an introduction to Graham and her work. It tells about her dances and her dance group and shows some of their meth?ods.

Martha Graham received many awards during her life?time, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1976. She was the first dancer to receive the country's highest civi卜ian honour. She died in 1991 at the age 

of ninety-six. In 1998, TIME magazine listed her as the "Dancer of the Centu?ry" and one of the most important people of the twentieth century.

1,   Some famous artists are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to show
Martha Graham__________ .

A.  was influenced greatly by them

B.  kept in touch with them regularly

C.  had a great effect on modern dance

D.  liked to make friends with them

 

2.  Why didn't Martha's parents approve of her desire to dance at first?

 A.  She was too old to learn American dance.

B.  American dance was seen as a lower art form.

C.  There was no academic school to teach dancing.

D.  Her family was too poor to afford her tuition.


 3.  When Martha Graham continued to dance in her 70s, she

 A.  was warmly welcomed by the youth

B.  achieved huge success once again

C.  received many awards for her age

D.  was attacked by people


 4.  The text is mainly about____________ .

 A. the background of modern dance in America

B. the development of modern dance in America

C. Martha Graham and her achievements in dance

D. the awards Martha Graham won in her life

B [2015 •山东济南高三一模]

Christmas in the United States is traditionally a time of gift-giving and family gatherings. But small towns across the country have their own traditions.

Middleburg, a small town in the state of Virginia, is known for its horses. For more than 50 years, Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade(游行).Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields. They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox. But first, these hunters ride in the yearly parade, wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.

John Hale,a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town. "We have a lot of people from an urban area that come to visit, but it incorporates a lot of the old tradi?tions. "The night-time hay ride is one such tradition. Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay. The passengers sing as farm horses pull the wagon slowly across the fields.

There are some newer traditions , too. Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort. He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day. He says Mid?dleburg can be a calming, peaceful place without tension.

"Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back, take a deep breath, and understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace, there's really an opportunity where you're allowed to step off for a little bit."

   Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in below-freezing weather. But if you ask,you will hear many different reasons why people come to watch the parade:

"I come here because I'm from a small town. I like how everybody comes together. "" I live right down that street; right there. And that's my dog."

 Middleburg looks its best at Christmas time. That may be why so many people return each year.

5. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

 

A.     Middleburg Christmas parade

B.      A small town known for horses

C.      Christmas traditions in Middleburg

D.     Newer traditions at Christmas time

6. At Christmas, people in Middleburg usually__________ .

 

A.     visit friends and family

B.     feed farm horses with hay

C.     hunt for dogs in the woods

D.     ride in the yearly parade

7.According to Trey Matheu, why do people visit Middle?burg?

 

A.     To relax themselves.

B.     To enjoy the fresh air.

C.     To escape competition.

D.     To challenge themselves.

8. What do we know about the small town Middleburg?

 

A.     It makes a large profit from tourism.

B.     It attracts many people each year.

C.     It is a good place for family gatherings.

D.     It doesn't respect Christmas traditions.

B [2015 •齐鲁19所名校高三调研】

Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment sug?gests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.

Martin Doherty , a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland,led the team of scientists. In this experi?ment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力〉of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The re?searchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.

The first group of pictures showed two orange circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 per cent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 per cent of the time.

Next,both groups were shown pictures where the orange circles,again of different sizes, were surrounded by grey cir?cles. Here's where the trick lies. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller grey circles—making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger grey circles―so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.

 When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures ?they weren't fooled―they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one,and adults got it wrong most of the time.

As children get older,Doherty said,their brains may de?velop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once : the tricky

grey circles,as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result,they're more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.

5.Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate .

 

A.     children's and adults' eyesight

B.     people's ability to see accurately

C.     children's and adults' brains

D.     the influence of people's age

6.When asked to find the larger circle, .

 

A.     children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no grey ones around

B.     only adults over 1.8 got it right 95% of the time with grey ones around

C.     children at 4 got it right about 79% of the time with grey ones around

D.     adults got it right most of the time with grey ones around

7.According to the passage, we can know that .

 

A.     a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white back?ground

B.     an orange circle appears bigger than a grey one of the same size

C.     a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size

D.     a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size

8.Why aren't younger children fooled?

 

A.     Because they are smarter than older children and adults.

B.     Because older people are influenced by their experi?ence.

C.     Because people's eyes become weaker as they grow older.

D.     Because their brains can hardly notice related things together.

[1] One of the tough things about being a high school student is that you never Seem to get enough sleep at night, which often leaves you nodding off during classes.The best amount of sleep is about seven and a half to eight hours.Spending either less than six or more than nine hours in sleeping puts your health at risk.

[2] A popular solution to a lack of sleep at night is to take a “power nap” during the day, but does this work?

[3] Generally speaking, it can be beneficial.Research shows that a nap in the middle of the day—even a brief one as Short as five or 10minutes—can clear your mind and leave you with increased energy and improved productivity.

[4] But here are some things you need to know to do it correctly.To start with, every time you doze off (打瞌睡) during the day does not count as a “power nap”.The best time to take a power nap is in the mid-afternoon, when your energy level tends to decrease.

[5] But how long should a power nap be? Ideally, it should be kept to between 10 and 30 minutes.Nodding off for five minutes does not really provide established sleep.If you, however, go into the deeper stage you will wake up feeling weak.

[6] However, refreshing as it might be, if you get adequate sleep at night, taking a power nap isn’t such a wise choice.The reason is that sleeping during the day can interfere with your body’s biorhythms.The brain gets used to going to bed and getting up at roughly the same time each day, and you don’t want to disturb this routine.

[7] One more thing to keep in mind is that a power nap should never be used as a replacement for a good night’s sleep.A power nap during the day is not like a tablet which will definitely work.An hour’s sleep before midnight is worth a couple of hours’ sleep after midnight.

1.What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 5 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

2.What if a person spends less than six or more than nine hours in sleeping?

(no more than 9 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

3.According to Paragraph 3, what benefits can we get from a nap in the middle of the day?

(no more than 4 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

4.When is the best time to take a power nap? (no more than 5 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

5.Why is it sometimes unwise to take a nap? (no more than 8 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

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