题目内容
14.No matter how much better than us computers are in fields such as calculating and analyzing,we humans still have a few skills that are exclusive to us-keeping secrets,for example.But don't feel too relieved just yet,because computers may be catching up faster than we thought.The Google Brain team has been working on computing systems called"neural networks"-systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain.
This time,they gave a mission to three of the neural networks,which they named Alice,Bob and Eve.
Each of the networks had its own job-Alice sent messages to Bob,Eve tried to"eavesdrop"(偷听)and find out the messages,and Alice and Bob had to figure out a way to hide the messages from Eve.
All the help that Alice and Bob got from the researchers before the mission began was made up of a set of numbers,which Eve didn't have access to.
At first,Alice was not very good at sending secret messages.But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt (加密)them-putting information into a special code so that others could not understand it even if they got the information 一 using the numbers given by researchers.And
after practice,Bob also came to be able to decrypt (解密)Alice's messages.
Without the numbers or keys,Eve failed to understand Alice's"speech"most of the time.This test is considered a big step in the development of computers,learning skills.
"Computing with neural networks on this scale has only become possible in the last few years,so we really are at the beginning of what's possible,"Joe Sturonas of US encryption company PKWARE told New Scientist magazine.
Unfortunately,the test happened only one week after UK physicist Stephen Hawking,while speaking at Cambridge University,warned how artificial intelligence could develop a will of its own.This could be"either the best or the worst thing ever to happen to humanity",he said.
But just as Sturonas pointed out,no matter what the possibilities of computers are in tlie future,they are just starting out.We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity.
46.The underlined word"exclusive"in Paragraph 1probably means"B".
A.common
B.limited
C.convenient
D.important
47.The Google Brain team did the test to find outD.
A.how neural networks encrypt and decrypt
B.how neural networks communicate with each other
C.if neural networks could develop a will of their own
D.if neural networks could keep their communication private
48.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the test?C
A.Alice was responsible for sending messages because she was good at encryption.
B.Alice and Bob learned to encrypt and decode with the help of researchers.
C.Eve often found it hard to make sense of the messages Alice sent to Bob.
D.The three neural networks worked together on the numbers given by researchers.
49.What can we conclude from the article?A
A.Artificial intelligence is not great at blind decryption,at least for now.
B.Artificial intelligence is now able to decode encrypted text without any guidance.
C.The more advanced artificial intelligence is,the more we can benefit from it.
D.Stephen Hawking is strongly against the development of artificial intelligence.
50.What is the author's attitude toward the development of artificial intelligence?A
A.Optimistic.B.Worried.C.Doubtful.D.Neutral.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了人工智能一直在积极发展,尽管有人提出它的危害,但我们还有时间解决.
解答 46.B.词义猜测题.根据第一段we humans still have a few skills that are exclusive to us-keeping secrets,for example可知不管我们的计算机在计算和分析等领域有多好,我们人类仍然有一些技能,但这对我们来说是保密的;意为限制的;故选B.
47.D.推理判断题.根据第二段The Google Brain team has been working on computing systems called"neural networks"-systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain可知谷歌智囊团做了测试为了找出是否神经网络可知私密通信;故选D.
48.C.推理判断题.根据第五段But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt (加密)them-putting information into a special code so that others could not understand it even if they got the information 一 using the numbers given by researchers可知伊芙经常发现很难理解爱丽丝寄给鲍伯的信息;故选C.
49.A.推理判断题.根据文章Computing with neural networks on this scale has only become possible in the last few years,so we really are at the beginning of what's possible可知人工智能不能强大的盲目解密,至少现在不能;故选A.
50.A.推理判断题.根据最后一段no matter what the possibilities of computers are in tlie future,they are just starting out.We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity可知作者对人工智能发展的态度是乐观的;故选A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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一The project didn't _____ as we had expected.It was such a waste of time!( )
A. | settle down | B. | work out | C. | come about | D. | turn up |
However,it wasn't all sweetness and light.There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes,while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.For example,when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression,while a dog doing the same signals submission.
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully,researchers observed a surprising behaviour.They are learning how to talk each other's language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk'dog',and dogs can learn how to talk'Cat'.
What's interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence.They can learn to read each other's body signals,suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.Once familiar with each other's presence and body language,cats and dogs can play together,greet each other nose to nose,and enjoy sleeping together in the sofa.They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom(梳理)each other.
The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets--to people who don't get along,including neighbors,colleagues at work,and even world superpowers.If cats and dogs can learn to get along,surely people have a good chance.
46.The underlined word swimmingly in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning toD.
A.early | B.sweetly | C.quickly | D.smoothly |
A.they are cold to each other
B.they look away from each other
C.they misunderstand each other's signals
D.they are introduced at an early age
48.What is found surprising about cats and dogs?C
A.They eat and sleep together
B.They observe each others behaviors
C.They learn to speak each other's language
D.They know something from each other's voice
49.It is suggested in paragraph 4 that cats and dogsB.
A.have common interests
B.are less different than was thought
C.have a common body language
D.are less intelligent than was expected
50.What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?A
A.We should learn to live in harmony
B.We should knows more about animals
C.We should live in peace with animals
D.We should learn more body languages.
一Her ability,determination and above all honesty.( )
A. | pick out | B. | stand out | C. | give out | D. | run out |
A. | unchallenged | B. | relevant | C. | contradictory | D. | controversial |