How to Make Friends Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends．Good friendship has many benefits．It offers companionship.improves self-worth and promotes good 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

7．（36）B Most start with small talk on a random day．Asking about the homework in class or complaining about your tired legs after playing in a soccer game，you found your best pal by accident．The following is a four-step guide to making small talk．
1．Getting started
Begin by talking about the surroundings，such as the weather outside or the room you are in．（37）F．
2．Looking for topics
At this point，you and your conversation partner need to find common ground．This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier．（38）AThe other person is probably just thinking of something to say．
3．Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going．At every stage，you should be careful not to talk too much．But don't let the other person dominate （支配） the conversation either．（39）G
4．Ending politely
When ending a conversation，let the person know you'll be leaving soon，express appreciation for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation．For example，you could say，"I really must be going soon，but I had a great time chatting with you．（40）E Here's my phone number．Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy．"

A．Don't worry if it gets quiet．
B．How did your friendships begin？
C．Small talk is where all your relationships begin．
D．It's important to mention something about yourself．
E．I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie．
F．The purpose is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation．
G．If that starts to happen，mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath．

8．In your life，you will make so many friends．（61）D They're honest，and interesting even after they've told the same story to you a thousand times．Some things should be understood only between best friends．And I've listed some of them below．
The terrible expression may appear on your face when you see someone you hate．（62）F So it's nice when your best friend is there to nod his head and say，"Don't worry，man，I know exactly how you feel．"It's even better if he continues joining you in glaring at the said hated person．（63）G
Your forever friend holds your hand and tells you that everything is going to be okay．Your forever friend encourages you in spirits and makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and full．Your forever friend gets you through the hard times，the sad times and the confusing times．（64）A
Feeling like you've just talked yesterday，when in reality you haven't seen each other for months or years，is the mark of a true best friend!（65）BThe relationships between my friends and me are almost exactly how they used to be，despite the fact that we've been separated for many years since graduation．

A．As an old saying says：A friend in need is a friend indeed．
B．The friendship can't be changed over time and distance．
C．Making friends can make people feel relaxed and happy．
D．And best friends often make our life more fun than it should be．
E．Everybody needs family members and friends in daily life．
F．Everybody hates somebody!
G．Encouragement is very important when friends are in trouble．

5．A．Focus on your relationships．
B．Think about what to do next．
C．Take good care of your body．
D．Try to avoid over-thinking．
E．Set up a proper goal for yourself．
F．Practise acts of kindness．

Five Happiness Secrets For Tough Times
Sonja Lyubomirsky，an author，has researched the science of happiness for years．Here are her tips to help you cope with a bad economy，and increase your bursts of happiness throughout the day．
（61）D
"You could spend a lot of time thinking deeply，"says Lyubomirsky．"But that just makes you feel even more pessimistic，more out of control，and affects your self esteem．Your relationships will suffer and your job performance will suffer．"
Get rid of pessimism．One of the most effective ways to cope when things are difficult is to adopt a positive thinking strategy．"What can I learn from this？Times are tough，I've been furloughed at work，but I can spend more time with the kids，adopt a new hobby，or learn a new set of skills．"
（62）F
Now more than ever we need each other to survive．Lyubomirsky found that doing good things for friends，family，or strangers can make you happier．Think of practical，everyday gestures that can make someone's life a little bit easier．For example，Lyubomirsky says，"Maybe now many of us can't afford to take a cab to the airport，so offer to give a friend a ride．"
（63）A
You don't need an expert to tell you that relationships are critical to happiness．Not being the bread-winner anymore or not being able to fulfill your kid's needs can weigh down hard on your family life．But the trick is to stop feeling guilty and focus on caring for your loved ones．
"I was at a psychology conference where an expert was talking about the effects of this economy on families and how parents can't afford to buy their kids luxuries like toys anymore，"says Lyubomirsky．"But what they don't realize is that kids don't care about toys-what they care about is parents being grumpy and taking it out on them．"
（64）E
"If you find a happy person you will find a project，"says Lyubomirsky．"Happy people all have goals they care about．"
Commit yourself to a project-whether it is a business you want to start or a dance you want to learn．But it's also important to remember to be flexible in these times．Don't get frustrated if circumstances are stopping you from meeting your goals．Adopt and change!
"If your spouse has lost their job you might have to change your goal，"says Lyubomirsky．"Or you might have to learn a whole new skill for a new job．"
（65）C
When times are tough，it's easy to skip your regular workouts in favor of mopping in front of the TV and eating a bag of chips．Your thinking is"I have more important things to worry about right now than looking good．"
But carve out a small part of your day to give your body some TLC （Tender Loving Care）．It will go a long way in boosting your happiness．"Even if you can't afford to go to the gym，"Lyubomirsky says，"take time out to exercise at home．"

12．A．Lack of stone images also reflects religious belief．
B．Art is a good means to know about people's faith．
C．Artists express their feelings and opinions in their works．
D．People know more about our culture through learning art history．
E．Art is by all means closely connected with history．
F．Art history provides information of different places and people．
（71）D
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes．Most typical history courses concentrate on politics，economics，and war．But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people，but also religious beliefs，emotions，and psychology．
（72）F
In addition，information about the daily activities of our ancestors-or of people very different from our own-can be provided by art．In short，art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place，and a study of it clearly offer us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books．
（73）C
In history books，objective information about the political life of a country is presented； that is，facts about politics are given，but opinions are not expressed．Art，on the other hand，is subjective：it reflects emotions and opinions．The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly"political"artist．In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808，he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people．Over a hundred years later，symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso's Guernica to express the horror of war．Meanwhile，on another continent，the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera，Jose Clemente Orozco，and David Alfaro Siqueiros-as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martines-depicted （show or represent them in a work of art） these Mexican artists'deep anger and sadness about social problems．
（74）B
In the same way，art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs．For hundreds of years in Europe，religious art was almost the only type of art that existed．Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible．Although most people couldn't read，they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls．
（75）A
By contrast，one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was （and still is） its absence of human and animal images．This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy．Something else can be more religiously symbolic in history．

2．My childhood was less than ideal--in fact，I was the only girl in my family who did not run away from home during adolescence．（76）G
．Coming from a blue-collar family and an easy rural high school to a white-collar university that gave a"C"for work that would be a"B"at another school，I felt like a misfit financially，culturally，and educationally．
Somehow I made it through my freshman year，and headed back for the second year．（77）F．
    Barb seemed the exact opposite of me（78）E．．One day I watched Barb draw while waiting for class to start．I sighed，thinking how Barb could do anything she wanted to：draw，paint，sing，and play the guitar．
（79）B．"I wish I was artistic，"I replied．
"Mary，"she said in amazement．"You ARE artistic!"
    I figured she was just being nice，but if Barb thought I was artistic，there must be something to it，even if I thought my only artistic abilities were with words．Thanks to her，I learned to recognize my artistic abilities．
This summer I wrote to Barb and reminded her of that conversation．（80）C．I had removed a closet in my bedroom for more space，and needed to choose colors and wall hangings．I felt quite upset．Just as I was about to give up，I heard Barb's voice in my memory，"Mary，you ARE artistic!"With her words ringing in my head，I found the perfect color for the walls and the perfect pictures for the walls．
    Thanks，Barb，for believing in me all those years ago．

A．It was 1990 when Barb said those words for me．
B．Barb heard me sigh，and asked what was wrong．
C．I let her know her words are still working their magic．
D．I'd been writing poems and short stories since I was 12．
E．She was popular，out-going，confident，talented，and artistic．
F．I'm so glad I went back，because that was the year I met Barb．
G．After high school I moved 300 miles away for college，but quickly had second thoughts about whether I belonged there．

9．Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good，most would admit that their spoken English is poor．Whenever I speak to Chinese students，they always say，"My spoken English is poor．"（36）EI would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English．
First，they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary．（37）C However，you can speak with a limited vocabulary if your attitude is positive．Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know．
（38）F Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous．Yet students should remember that their goal in speaking should be fluency not accuracy．You want to get your message across，to talk to someone in English，as quickly and well as you can，even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense，but it doesn't matter．（39）A
The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening．You have one mouth but two ears!All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking．
Fourth，most Chinese students are reactive（被动反应的） rather than proactive（积极行动的） language learners．Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor．（40）D
A．The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for mistakes he hears．
B．They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time．
C．Obviously the better way is to expand their vocabulary．
D．If you have proactive outlook（观点），then you will see English opportunities
wherever you go．
E．However，their spoken English does not have to remain poor
F．Second，they are afraid of making mistakes．
G．The second reason lies in the unwillingness of using what has just been learned．

6．Annoying Mobile Phone Users
What really annoys me most about modern life is the way some people use their mobile phones．（36）GHowever，there are some people out there who just don't care about other people's feeling when they use a phone．These mobile phone users make life painful for the rest of us．Let's divide these users into groups．
The first group are those people who shout on the phone，especially in enclosed places like trains or lifts．（37）CIt isn't necessary．
（38）B Some ringtones are truly unpleasant---a loud，electronic version of Beethoven with a hip hop beat，for example．This is especially annoying in the cinema．
The third group of people who annoy me are those who have to walk around while they speak．（39）F．
Finally，the worst group are people who take a phone call while you are in a conversation with them．This is extremely rude in my opinion．
I would like to end with a message to all the above mobile phone users：You think you look cool and important talking on your mobile all the time．（40）A

A．But believe me----you don't!
B．Next are those with annoying ringtones．
C．I don't know why they have to talk so loudly．
D．This group of people keep talking on the phone．
E．I have no idea where they get the noisy ringtones
F．They stand in the way just when you want to get past．
G．The mobile phone is an important part of life for most of us．

7．Do you have a hobby？Something you look forward to spending your time with？Something you love to do？（36）D Or making model airplanes．Or making useful things out of waste materials．It could be a musical instrument that you love playing．Or singing and dancing．
There are many things that a hobby can give you，apart from an enjoyable time．Sashay was a shy boy but through his interest in model airplanes he learned the value of sticking to a task until it was finished．（37）G His model airplane club brought him to get into touch with similar persons．
Having a hobby helps you relax and get away from the routines of school．（38）C It gives you focus，self-dependence，confidence and builds your personality and this is an opportunity to lose yourself in an enjoyable activity，away from the pressure of school，so at the end of it，you feel relaxed and yet，mentally charged．
Your hobby defines（确定；解释） you．（39）FAnd it also shows you what you are good at，and how far you can go，when you apply yourself．
（40）AA hobby is：Happiness：something which you look forward to doing．Opportunity：to develop your special and unique skills and celebrate them．Belief in yourself：makes you understand your strong advantages and improves your confidence．Best in you：brings out your best-for in each one of us there is a best that is only ours．YOU!gives you a unique character，and makes you YOU!

A．So go ahead and develop a hobby．
B．It proves your ability．
C．It gives you a break．
D．It could be collecting something．
E．Hobbies show your character．
F．It shows your special skills．
G．He learned to make friends for the first time．

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