题目内容

9．It was really tiring for me to stand in the queue for two hours to get the G-train ticket．
You    ．You could have got one online．（　　）
A．needn't haveB．needn't
C．didn't need toD．didn't need to have

分析 -为了买动车票，我排了两个小时的队，真累．
-真没必要，你本可以在网上买一张的．

解答 答案：A 题干中You could have got one online表示对过去事实的相反假设；对过去事实的相反假设，要用情态动词加完成时态；答语是简略回答，have是助动词，标志着完成时态，不可省略．故选A．

点评 虚拟语气是表示与事实相反的假设，构成方式有：对现在或将来，条件句中用一般过去时态，主语用情态动词加动词原形；对过去，条件句中用过去完成时态，主语用情态动词加完成时态．学习时，要牢记构成方式．

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4．"Over the years the unthinkable has become thinkable and today we sense we are close to being able to alter human heredity（遗传）．"These were the words of David Baltimore of the California Institute of Technology，on December 1st，when he opened a three-day meeting in Washington to discuss the morality and use of human gene editing．Dr Baltimore is an old hand at these sorts of discussions，for he was also a participant in the Asilomar conference，in 1975，which brought scientists together to discuss a safe way of using the then-new tcchnology of recombinant DNA，and whose recommendations influenced a generation of biotechnology researchers．
Four decades on，the need for a similar sort of chin-wag has arisen．The International Summit on Human Gene Editing has been held by the national scientific academies of three countries-America，Britain and China．They are particularly concerned about whether gene editing should be used to make heritable changes to the human germ line，something Dr Baltimore described as a deep and troubling question．Like those of Asilomar，the conclusions of this meeting will not be binding．But the hope is that，again like Asilomar，a mixture of common sense and peer pressure will create a world in which scientists are trusted to regulate themselves，rather than having politicians and civil servants do it for them．The meeting is being held against a backdrop of rapid scientific advance，Since 2012 research into a new，easy-to-use editing tool called CRISPR-Cas9 has blossomed．This technique involves a piece of RNA （a chemical messenger，which can be used to recognise a target section of DNA） and an enzyme （酶） called a nuclease that can snip unwanted genes out and paste new ones in．
Public interest was aroused in April，when Chinese scientists announced they had edited genes in non-viable （ 无活力的） human embryos，and again in November when British researchers said they had successfully treated a one-year-old girl who had leukaemia （ 白血病），using gene-edited T-cells．T-cells are part of the immune system that attack，among other things，tumour cells．The researchers altered T-cells from a healthy donor to encourage them to recognise and kill the patient's cancer，to make them immune to her leukaemia drug，and to ensure they did not attack her healthy cells．
In another recent development，a firm called Edit as Medicine，which is based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，has said it hopes，in 2017，to start human clinical trials of CRISPR-Cas9 as a treatment for a rare genetic form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis （伯氏先天性黑蒙）．Though other companies are already testing gene-editing therapies，these employ older，clunkier forms of the technology that seem likely to have less commercial potential．Moreover，researchers at the Broad Institute，also in Cambridge，said this week that they had made changes to CRISPR-Cas9 which greatly reduce the rate of editing errors-one of the main obstacles to the technique's medical use．
On the subject of germ-line editing，Eric Lander，the Broad's head，told the meeting it would be useful only in rare cases and said it might be a good idea to"exercise caution？before making permanent changes to the gene pool．The need for caution is advice that might also be heeded by those pursuing work in animals other than people，and in plants-subjects not being covered by the summit．
61．Which ofthe following is TRUE about CRISPR-Cas9？B
A．It has fewer side effects．
B．It can modify human gene．
B．It can protect immune system．
D．It has less commercial potential．
62．The underlined word"chin-wag"in Paragraph 2 can be replaced byA
A．discussion    B．negotiation  C．argument D．comparison
63．What can be inferred from the passage？D
A．Dr．Baltimore started his research on modiffing gene in 1975．
B．Scientists'opinions about the use of gene editing are consistent．
C．CRISPR-Cas9 has been applied to cure Leber congenital amaurosis．
D．More research should be made before the technology comes into wide use．
64．This passage is most probably aB．
A．science fiction  
B．scientific report
C．conference summary 
D．commercial advertisement．
20．I have to spend much time on my notes     sure I can pass tomorrow's test．（　　）
A．makingB．to makeC．to be makingD．made
17．The car stopped in front of a cottage and he remembered that was        he lived with his grandpa 10years ago．（　　）
A．whenB．whereC．whichD．what
4．When reading a novel，it is important to look at the political and cultural context _______ the novel is written．（　　）
A．whyB．thatC．whichD．where
14．Jogging has become the most popular individual sport in America．Many theories，even some mystical （神秘的） ones，have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging．The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap，quick and efficient way to maintain （or achieve ）physical fitness．
The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart，lungs，and circulatory（循环的）systems．If these systems are fit，the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies．One can train more specifically，as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power
as in football，but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body．It is worth doing that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease，the number one cause of death in America．
Only one sort of equipment is needed-a good pair of shoes．Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe．Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable（不可缺少的）if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible，with as little chance of injury as possible．A good running shoe will have soft pads for absorbing shock，as well as  slightly built-up heels and full heel cups（后跟垫）that will give the knee and ankle more stability．A wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters （水泡）and the foot，ankle and knee injuries  and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces．No other special equipment is needed； you can jog in any clothing you desire，even your street clothes．
Many joggers wear expensive，flashy （华丽的） warm-up suits，but just as many wear a simple pair of gym shoes and T-shirt； in fact，many people just jog in last year's clothes．In cold weather，several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat．If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing，they can add or subtract layers as conditions change．
It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run．The American Jogging Association has a twelve-week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk （which almost anyone can manage who is in reasonable health） to a thirty-minute run．A measure of common sense，a physical examination，and a planned schedule are all it takes．

74．They main purpose of this passage is toA．
A．discuss jogging as a physical fitness program
B．describe the type of clothing needed for jogging
C．provide scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging
D．launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign
75．The most effective kind of exercise should be the one thatD．
A．trains the body for weight lifting
B．enables a person to run straight ahead
C．is both beneficial and inexpensive
D．develops the heart，lungs，and circulatory systems
76．We can conclude from this passage thatB．
A．jogging makes heart disease no longer an American problem
B．jogging can be harmful if the runner is not properly prepared
C．warm-up suits are preferable to gym shoes and T-shirts
D．jogging is bad for the ankles and knees
77．What can we learn from the third paragraph？B
A．For beginning joggers，tennis or gym shoes are better choices．
B．A pair of good running shoes is necessary for a runner to develop quickly．
C．A pair of good running shoes with a full heel-cup is designed to prevent shock．
D．Comfortable pads will give the knees and ankles more stability．
4．假定你是李华．请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历．
写作要点：（1）做家务的理由；（2）做家务的过程；（3）你的感受．
注意：
（1）短文词数不少于100；
（2）开头部分已写好，不计入总词数；
（3）不能使用真实姓名和学校名称．
I am an 18-year-old middle school student，I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework．Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what to do to help．
Last Sunday，when my parents went out shopping，I suddenly got an idea：why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning？Firstly I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place．Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture．After that，I swept and mopped the floors．
At this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shinning．My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes．Tired as I was，I never felt so happy．．
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People is America's No．1 magazine about fascinating people．It's a guide to who and what's  hot in the arts，science，business，politics，television，movies，books，music and sports．It is
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Lucky
Lucky is the shopping magazine with the best buys，and the fashion tips you'll need before you hit the stores．What makes Lucky really special is that it gets you the information you need before anyone else has it．
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66．Which of the following targets common readers？B
    A．Lucky．          B．Entertainment．      C．Parents．        D．People．
67．According to the passage，what makes Lucky so special？A
    A．Its exclusive information related to shopping．
    B．Its pictures of fashion stores．
    C．The access it provides to bargains．
    D．Its competitive price．
68．Celebrity-focused magazines are probably ones focusing onC．
    A．political events                                        
    B．festivals and celebrations
    C．hot events and famous stars         
    D．television programs 
69．You're most likely to find the above informationB．
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    C．in a guide to magazines              D．in a magazine sales report
70．Dcosts the subscriber least．
    A．Lucky            B．Parents          C．People           D．Entertainment．
7．---I guess you left the office hurriedly．You      the working uniform．
---Oh，I forgot to change it．（　　）
A．wearB．woreC．are wearingD．were wearing

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