题目内容
13.As shocking as the idea of baby birds growing up in a cigarette-filled home sounds,a new study suggests that some birds may benefit from putting the stuff from cigarette butts (烟蒂) into their nests.The nicotine remaining in smoked filters (滤嘴) may serve as a natural insecticide (杀虫剂),driving harmful insects away from the nests and the baby birds living within.Tobacco plants produce nicotine because it defends against insects that would otherwise eat the plants.The butts are undoubtedly smelly.But birds are actually quite fond of smelly chemicals,such as those found in aromatic (芳香的) plants.Some nest-building species regularly fill their nests with fresh aromatics,possibly because the chemicals are good for the immune system or the development of the chicks.Alternatively,the plant chemicals might act as insecticides.
In the study,researchers at the Autonomous University of Tlaxcala in Mexico set up heat traps,which attract harmful insects,in 55nests around Mexico City.Some traps were lined with the stuff in smoked cigarette filters.The others were lined with the stuff from unsmoked cigarette filters,which did not contain nicotine and other smoking by-products.Whether the nest held eggs,chicks or nothing,the unsmoked cigarette traps collected more harmful insects,suggesting that it is the chemicals that drove harmful insects away.
In a second experiment,the researchers collected 28house sparrow nests and 29house finch (朱雀) nests from Mexico City immediately after the chicks flew out for food.They found that the more smoked filter stuff filled a nest,the fewer harmful insects it had.
The missing piece of the puzzle is whether the reduced number of harmful insects in the nests actually provided any benefit to the chicks.It is also unclear if nicotine or another chemical found in cigarettes may have turned the harmful insects out of the nests.
If the results hold,then this study is an example of wildlife adaptation to urbanization-or at least evidence that birds are smart and can still follow their noses in urban environments.
67.What may be the function of nicotine in cigarette butts for birds?B
A.To provide building materials for bird nests.
B.To drive harmful insects away from bird nests.
C.To protect the plants from being eaten by insects.
D.To attract baby birds to stay in the nests.
68.What is the first experiment aimed at?D
A.Proving that heat traps attract harmful insects in Mexico City.
B.Comparing smoked cigarette filters with unsmoked ones.
C.Analyzing what is produced from smoked cigarette filters.
D.Studying what it is that drives harmful insects away.
69.What can you infer from the passage?C
A.Birds tend to use insecticide to protect the baby birds.
B.Nicotine is the only chemical that drives harmful insects away.
C.Some insects are afraid of smelly chemicals in aromatic plants.
D.Unsmoked cigarette traps attract more harmful insects.
70.Where could you possibly see the passage?A
A.In a science report
B.In an urbanization essay
C.In a tobacco advertisement
D.In an anti-smoking brochure.
分析 本文为科教文,文章通过两个实验告诉我们,散发芳香气味的植物中含有的臭味化学物质可以驱赶有害昆虫.
解答 67---70 BDCA
67.答案B.考查细节理解.由第一段第二句The nicotine remaining in smoked filters (滤嘴) may serve as a natural insecticide (杀虫剂),driving harmful insects away from the nests and the baby birds living within.可知,遗留在已抽过的滤嘴中的尼古丁可以充当杀虫剂,使有害的昆虫远离鸟儿们的巢穴.故选B.
68.答案D.考查推理判断.由第二段possibly because the chemicals are good for the immune system or the development of the chicks.Alternatively,the plant chemicals might act as insecticides可知,第一个实验最终表明化学物质可以驱逐有害昆虫.由此可知第一个实验的目的应该是研究什么将有害昆虫驱赶走了.故选D.
69.答案C.考查推理判断.由第一二段可知,鸟儿们喜欢的有臭味的化学物质可以将有害昆虫赶走,可知一些昆虫是害怕这些化学物质的.
70.答案A.考查文章出处.本文通过两个实验告诉我们,散发出芳香气味的植物中的有臭味的化学物质可以驱赶有害昆虫,这显然是属于科学报道范畴的文章.
点评 说明文主要包括事物说明文和事理说明文,说明文一般呈现出条理清晰、逻辑严谨的特点,说明文的语言要求准确、科学.了解了这些特点,我们还要知道阅读理解的题型一般包括:细节题、语义猜测题、主旨大意题、判断推理题等.关于细节题,用到的英语说明文阅读技巧就是仔细查找.这种题型的答案一般都可以在文中找到,当然,答案不可能与原文一模一样,但是它们表达的意思是一样的.只要在文中仔细查找,就能找到答案.
A. | get off | B. | set aside | C. | took over | D. | turned down |
freedom observing circulating worthwhile behave childhood disturbing output equip entertainment expanding shade outspoken struggled export |
67.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much theybehave like humans.
68.At that time,hunger was adisturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.
69.He therefore gives millions of yuan toequip others for their research in agriculture.
70.Since herchildhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.
71.He is nowcirculating his knowledge in many less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.
72.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used forentertainment or advertisements.
73.Everybody sits and waits in theshadeof the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.
74.He searched for a way to increase rice harvest withoutexpanding the area of the fields.
75.Yuan Longping has another dream:toexport his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.
76.In 1973,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a highoutput.
77.For forty years Jane has beenoutspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.
78.Yuan Longping hasstruggled for millions of Chinese farmers for the past five decades.
79.He feels it gives him lessfreedom to do his research.
80.However,the evening makes it allworthwhile.