题目内容

13.As shocking as the idea of baby birds growing up in a cigarette-filled home sounds,a new study suggests that some birds may benefit from putting the stuff from cigarette butts (烟蒂) into their nests.The nicotine remaining in smoked filters (滤嘴) may serve as a natural insecticide (杀虫剂),driving harmful insects away from the nests and the baby birds living within.Tobacco plants produce nicotine because it defends against insects that would otherwise eat the plants.
The butts are undoubtedly smelly.But birds are actually quite fond of smelly chemicals,such as those found in aromatic (芳香的) plants.Some nest-building species regularly fill their nests with fresh aromatics,possibly because the chemicals are good for the immune system or the development of the chicks.Alternatively,the plant chemicals might act as insecticides.
In the study,researchers at the Autonomous University of Tlaxcala in Mexico set up heat traps,which attract harmful insects,in 55nests around Mexico City.Some traps were lined with the stuff in smoked cigarette filters.The others were lined with the stuff from unsmoked cigarette filters,which did not contain nicotine and other smoking by-products.Whether the nest held eggs,chicks or nothing,the unsmoked cigarette traps collected more harmful insects,suggesting that it is the chemicals that drove harmful insects away.
In a second experiment,the researchers collected 28house sparrow nests and 29house finch (朱雀) nests from Mexico City immediately after the chicks flew out for food.They found that the more smoked filter stuff filled a nest,the fewer harmful insects it had.
The missing piece of the puzzle is whether the reduced number of harmful insects in the nests actually provided any benefit to the chicks.It is also unclear if nicotine or another chemical found in cigarettes may have turned the harmful insects out of the nests.
If the results hold,then this study is an example of wildlife adaptation to urbanization-or at least evidence that birds are smart and can still follow their noses in urban environments.
67.What may be the function of nicotine in cigarette butts for birds?B
A.To provide building materials for bird nests.
B.To drive harmful insects away from bird nests.
C.To protect the plants from being eaten by insects.
D.To attract baby birds to stay in the nests.
68.What is the first experiment aimed at?D
A.Proving that heat traps attract harmful insects in Mexico City.
B.Comparing smoked cigarette filters with unsmoked ones.
C.Analyzing what is produced from smoked cigarette filters.
D.Studying what it is that drives harmful insects away.
69.What can you infer from the passage?C
A.Birds tend to use insecticide to protect the baby birds.
B.Nicotine is the only chemical that drives harmful insects away.
C.Some insects are afraid of smelly chemicals in aromatic plants.
D.Unsmoked cigarette traps attract more harmful insects.
70.Where could you possibly see the passage?A
A.In a science report      
B.In an urbanization essay
C.In a tobacco advertisement   
D.In an anti-smoking brochure.

分析 本文为科教文,文章通过两个实验告诉我们,散发芳香气味的植物中含有的臭味化学物质可以驱赶有害昆虫.

解答 67---70 BDCA
67.答案B.考查细节理解.由第一段第二句The nicotine remaining in smoked filters (滤嘴) may serve as a natural insecticide (杀虫剂),driving harmful insects away from the nests and the baby birds living within.可知,遗留在已抽过的滤嘴中的尼古丁可以充当杀虫剂,使有害的昆虫远离鸟儿们的巢穴.故选B.
68.答案D.考查推理判断.由第二段possibly because the chemicals are good for the immune system or the development of the chicks.Alternatively,the plant chemicals might act as insecticides可知,第一个实验最终表明化学物质可以驱逐有害昆虫.由此可知第一个实验的目的应该是研究什么将有害昆虫驱赶走了.故选D.
69.答案C.考查推理判断.由第一二段可知,鸟儿们喜欢的有臭味的化学物质可以将有害昆虫赶走,可知一些昆虫是害怕这些化学物质的.
70.答案A.考查文章出处.本文通过两个实验告诉我们,散发出芳香气味的植物中的有臭味的化学物质可以驱赶有害昆虫,这显然是属于科学报道范畴的文章.

点评 说明文主要包括事物说明文和事理说明文,说明文一般呈现出条理清晰、逻辑严谨的特点,说明文的语言要求准确、科学.了解了这些特点,我们还要知道阅读理解的题型一般包括:细节题、语义猜测题、主旨大意题、判断推理题等.关于细节题,用到的英语说明文阅读技巧就是仔细查找.这种题型的答案一般都可以在文中找到,当然,答案不可能与原文一模一样,但是它们表达的意思是一样的.只要在文中仔细查找,就能找到答案.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
4.Travel around the world is the dream of many adventurous people.But very few people can afford a global tour because hotels,food and airplane tickets are too expensive.Some people,however,have thought of some ways to realize their dreams.
    Laura Cody and Tanbay Theune,a couple from Britain,decided to travel around the world.They have found a good way to pay for their trips.They look after pets for rich house owners.In exchange,they can stay in the houses for free.They have looked after horses,cows,cats,dogs and fish.In two years,the couple has been to Australia,Germany,Spain and Italy.They have stayed in big cities and small villages.The home owners are usually very generous and have given them food,wine and day trips.
    Another person who tries to realize her travel dream is photographer Rhiannon Taylor.She travels around the world to visit,review and take photos of the best hotels.She shares the places she stays in and the food she eats on the Internet with tens of thousands of followers.
    With these ways o f making money,traveling around the world is no longer a dream.More and more young people are thinking creatively to make their dream come true.
1.Why do most people feel hard to make their travel dream come true?C
A.Because they can hardly find hotels.
B.Because the food is not healthy.
C.Because the cost of travel is high.
D.Because they are afraid of adventure.
2.The best word to describe the way of realizing the travel dream isB.
A.special    B.creative     C.rich   D.adventurous
3.It is known from the passage that Laura and Tanbay paid for their trips byD.
A.staying in the house for free
B.being given food and day drinks
C.going to Australia and other countries
D.looking after pets for rich house owners
4.According to the passage,Taylor is a photographer who shares her photosA.
A.on the Internet
B.during her travel
C.with hundreds of followers
D.during staying in hotels.
1.Coffee is one of the most popular drinks around the world.There are different types of coffee.Experts claim that there are more flavors of coffee than there are of wine.Coffee contains caffeine,an element(成分)that raise our awareness,keeps us from falling asleep or simply gives us  kick in the morning or after lunch.
But experts are still undecided on how healthy coffee is.For a long time doctors have told people not to drink too much coffee,because it may lead to heart problems,high blood pressure,insomnia and headaches.
Scientists have now found out that it is the quality of coffee and the way it is brewed(冲泡) that holds the key to our health.Elderly people in Greece live longer than normal.Among other things,this is linked to the consumption of a strong brew of coffee.Experts also point out that different roasts and types of coffee beans have different effects on our health.
A new study by a Harvard research group says that there is no link between coffee and health problems.Drinking several cups of coffee a day is not connected with heart diseases.Doctors,however,warn against drinking too much coffee,as it can lead to stomach problems.
Coffee has many advantages,as the new study suggests.While alcohol makes people sleepy and slow-moving,coffee makes them feel dynamic.Getting together for a cup of coffee a day is not connected with heart diseases.
Although a lot still needs to be uncovered about coffee,it seems to reduce the risk of cancer and diabetes.Reporters show that people who drink coffee may develop Parkinson's disease later in life,or maybe not at all.

81.What does the underlined word"kick"in paragraph 1probably mean?(No more than 5words)
excitment/refreshment.
82.According to scientists,what mainly affects our health in regard to coffee?(No more than 15words)The quality of coffee and the way it is brewed.
83.What does the Harvard research group find?(No more than 10words)There is no link between coffee and health problems.
84.What benefit can people get from coffee?(No more than 5words)They can be dynamic.
85.Do you like drinking coffee?Why?(No more than 15words)No,I don't.I can't bear the bitter taste of coffee..
8.Dolphins are not fish,but warm-blooded animals.They live in groups,and speak to each other in their own language.In this way they are like other animals,such as bees and birds.But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals.Their brain is nearly the same size as our own,and they live a long time---at least twenty or thirty years.
Like some animals,dolphins use sound to help them find their way around.They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food.We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds,but the lower part of the mouth,called the jaw.
Strangely,dolphins seem to like man,and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.
There is a story about sailors in the 19th century.In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack.From 1871to 1903Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way.Then in 1903a passenger on a boat called The Penguin shot and wounded Jack.He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area-except for The Penguin.
Today,some people continue to kill dolphins,but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.

21.By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show thatC.
A.Jack is different from other dolphins  
B.dolphins should be protected by law
C.dolphins are friendly and clever  
D.people are cruel to animals
22.Dolphins are different from many other animals because theyA.
A.have large brains               
B.have their own language
C.are warm-blooded             
D.live in groups
23.Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?D
A.Its ears.  B.Its nose.
C.Its eyes.   D.Its mouth.
24.Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack?B
A.They enjoyed playing with him.
B.They wanted his help.
C.He was seriously wounded.
D.He was lonely and liked to be with people.
18.Over the holidays,I took my three young children into a fancy chocolate shop to buy gifts.Halfway home,I noticed my 7-year-old son playing with a plastic noisemaker.Long story short:He had stolen the toy.I kept my cool--even when he said,"but it was only﹩1.50,Mom!"--and explained why it was unacceptable to take things we didn't buy.
A few hours later,I marched my son back to the store with two dollars from his piggy bank.He walked embarrassedly to the counter and told the clerk that he had taken something without paying for it,that he was sorry to break it and that he would pay for it now.
I know exactly how terrible he was feeling.Returning to the scene of the crime is the same shame-causing punishment I received when I was five and stole something from a store.1remember my dad sending me back to return the item.It remains one of my clearest child-hood memories.After that day,I never stole again.My dad taught me such an important lesson 30years ago and I saw an opportunity to do the same for my son.But now I wonder if it was the fight thing to do.
"Returning to the store is absolutely the right thing to do,"Laura Markham,Ph.D.,a child psychologist and author of Peaceful Parent,Happy Kids,says."Many children steal--they're not born knowing the rules so it's our job to teach them."
And stay calm when you set them."If you overreact or yell,you might create a fascination with the behavior and a willful child will be more likely to fight against you,"she  says.Having a child physically return the stolen item helps him or her grasp the situation--and the consequence.
But don't talk about it for too long."lf you continuously bring up the incident,the child will believe they're a thief and that they're bad,"she says.
Only time will tell if this experience will have the same powerful effect on my son as it had on me,but at the same time I can rest if I haven't dealt with the situation badly.

45.When the author's son was caught playing with a stolen toy,heC.
A.responded calmly
B.felt very ashamed
C.didn't think it was a big deal
D.didn't admit stealing the toy
46.The author punished her son like that becauseD.
A.her father asked her to do so
B.it had been popular for 30years
C.she knew it was the right thing to do
D.the same punishment had worked on her
47.According to Laura Markham,if parents shout at their kids'stealing behavior,the kids mayB.
A.feel frightened
B.steal again
C.think they are bad
D.remember what happened clearly
48.What does the author think of Laura Markham's words?C
A.They are doubtful.
B.They are unacceptable.
C.They help her to stop feeling worried.
D.They have taught her a good lesson.
2.
freedom  observing  circulating  worthwhile  behave  childhood   disturbing   output   equip  entertainment  expanding  shade   outspoken  struggled  export
66.She spent yearsobserving and recording their daily activities.
67.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much theybehave like humans.
68.At that time,hunger was adisturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.
69.He therefore gives millions of yuan toequip others for their research in agriculture.
70.Since herchildhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.
71.He is nowcirculating his knowledge in many less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.
72.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used forentertainment or advertisements.
73.Everybody sits and waits in theshadeof the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.
74.He searched for a way to increase rice harvest withoutexpanding the area of the fields.
75.Yuan Longping has another dream:toexport his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.
76.In 1973,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a highoutput.
77.For forty years Jane has beenoutspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.
78.Yuan Longping hasstruggled for millions of Chinese farmers for the past five decades.
79.He feels it gives him lessfreedom to do his research.
80.However,the evening makes it allworthwhile.
6.【1】A sleepover(通宵晚会) is a party for young people when a group of them spend the night at one house.It is very common in American.
【2】Usually,the activities start in the late afternoon.Girls turn upcarrying overnight bags,containing a sleeping bag and a pillow(枕头).After all the girls arrive,it's usually time to have dinner.The most common food for sleepover is pizza.
【3】After eating,my friends and I usually go back to my room.Sometimes we have a dance party,sometimes we play games on the Internet,and other times we play role-playing games,which are my favorite.My friends and I are all fond of movies,so we often pretend(假装) to be characters from _________.
【4】When it gets to around 22 o'clock,things will start to calm down a bit.After getting changed into our pajamas(睡衣),we might sit down to enjoy a movie.Sometimes,each of us will do something by ourselves on our own laptop (便携式电脑) while talking to everyone else.
【5】When it gets to be past 1 o'clock in the morning,most of the girls are sleepy already.However nobody sleeps at a sleepover.We sleep until noon most of the time.
【6】After waking up,we are still feeling half asleep.After lunch,the girls will pack up their things and wait until their parents come to pick them up.
 
76.What will girls do after all the girls arrive?( no more than 3 words)
have/eat dinner
77.What does the author like to do best at the sleepover?(no more than 5 words)       
play role-playing games.
78.Explain the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 in English,especially the words in italics.(斜体字)  
Girls come carrying overnight bags,with a sleeping bag and a pillow inside.
79.Fill in the blank in paragraph 3 with proper words?(no more than 5 words)
a (favorite/popular/famous) movie/movies
80.What does this passage mainly talk about?(no more than 8 words)
Things/what girls do at a sleepover..

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网