题目内容
3.Drinking more than two alcoholic drinks daily in middle-age may raise your stroke(中风) risk more than traditional factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes(糖尿病),according to new research in the American Heart Association journal Stroke.In a study of 11,644middle-aged Swedish twins who were followed for 43years,researchers compared the effects of an average of more than two drinks daily ("heavy drinking") to less than half a drink daily ("light drinking").
The study showed that:
•Heavy drinkers had about a 34percent higher risk of stroke compared to light drinkers.
•Mid-life heavy drinkers (in their 50s and 60s) were likely to have a stroke five years earlier in life irrespective of genetic and early-life factors.
•Heavy drinkers had increased stroke risk in their mid-life compared to well-known risk factors like high blood pressure and diabetes.
•At around age 75,blood pressure and diabetes appeared to take over as one of the main influences on having a stroke.
Past studies have shown that alcohol affects stroke risk,but this is the first study to pinpoint differences with age."We now have a clearer picture about these risk factors----how they change with age and how the influence of drinking alcohol shifts as we get older,"said Pavla Kadlecová,M.Sc.,a statistician at St.Anne's University Hospital's International Clinical Research Center in the Czech Republic.
Researchers analyzed results from the Swedish Twin Registry of same-sex twins who answered questionnaires in 1967-1970.All twins were under age 60at the start.By 2010,the Registry had provided 43years of follow-up,including hospital discharge(出院) and cause of death data.
Researchers then sorted(整理) the data based on strokes,high blood pressure,diabetes and other cardiovascular (心血管)incidents.Almost 30percent of participants had a stroke.They were categorized(将…分类) as light,moderate,heavy or non-drinkers based on the questionnaires.Researchers compared the risk from drinking and health risks like high blood pressure,diabetes and smoking.Among identical twin pairs,siblings(兄弟姐妹) who had a stroke drank more than their siblings who hadn't had a stroke,suggesting that mid-life drinking raises stroke risks regardless of genetics and early lifestyle.
The study is consistent (一致)with the American Heart Association's recommended limit of two drinks a day for men and one for women.That's about 8ounces of wine for a man and 4ounces for a woman.
Regular heavy drinking of any kind of alcohol can raise blood pressure and cause heart failure or irregular heartbeats over time,in addition to stroke and other risks."For mid-aged adults,avoiding more than two drinks a day could be a way to prevent stroke in later productive age,"Kadlecová said.
8.Who might be the target readers of the passage?B.
A.People who have suffered a stroke
B.People who like drinking
C.People who have high blood pressure
D.People who have twin siblings
9.What do we know about the study in the passage?C.
A.It revealed five related results
B.It lasted for a period of over 50years
C.It involved the age factor in the causes of strokes
D.It included 11,644Australian twins as participants
10.The underlined part"irrespective of"in the passage can best be replaced by"D".
A.in favor of
B.in terms of
C.instead of
D.regardless of
11.What does the passage mainly tell us?B.
A.People without a stroke can drink more alcohol than those having a stroke in middle age
B.There is a higher possibility that heavy drinkers will have a stroke in middle age
C.Drinking alcohol has been regarded as the most dangerous factor in strokes
D.The amount of alcohol taken by men should be twice than that taken by women.
分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,属于说明文,主要围绕一项研究发现展开,根据美国心脏协会杂志"中风"的新研究,每天饮用两种以上的酒精饮料可能会增加您的中风(中风)风险,超过传统因素,如高血压和糖尿病.
解答 8.B.推理判断题.本文主要讲述的是根据美国心脏协会杂志"中风"的新研究,中度每天饮用两种以上的酒精饮料可能会增加您的中风(中风)风险,超过传统因素,如高血压和糖尿病.故这篇文章的目标读者是喜欢饮酒的人.故选B.
9.C.推理判断题.根据Past studies have shown that alcohol affects stroke risk,but this is the first study to pinpoint differences with age.可知,这项研究涉及中风原因的年龄因素.
10.D.词义猜测题.根据上下文可知,Mid-life heavy drinkers (in their 50s and 60s) were likely to have a stroke five years earlier in life irrespective of genetic and early-life factors.句意为中年以上的重度饮酒者(五十和六十年代)不管遗传和早期因素的基础上,可能在五年前就有中风.故irrespective意为不管.故选D.
11.B.主旨大意题.阅读全文,根据文章内容可知,本文主要讲述的是重度饮酒者在中年时会有中风的可能性更大.故选B.
点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道主旨大意题,推理判断题,词义猜测题.做题时学生应仔细阅读原文,把握文章主要内容,联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义,从中选出正确答案,一定要做到有理有据,切忌胡乱猜测.
Condition | Treatment:Lifestyle Changes | Practical Suggestions |
Abdominal obesity (measured by waist circumference) Men:greater than 40inches Women:greater than 35inches | Weight loss Increased physical activity | Cut 250calories a day*; lose 1/2pound a week; aim for losing 20pounds in a year 30minutes of moderate activity 5days a week |
High blood pressure 130/85mm Hg or greater | Weight loss Reduced salt intake More fruits and vegetables Low-fat dairy products | Aim for 20-pound loss/year Salt shaker off the table; no salt when cooking Get at least 5servings/day Get 3glasses of skim milk,low-fat yogurt,cheese/day |
Low HDL (good) cholesterol Men:less than 40mg/dL Women:less than 50mg/dL | Stop smoking Weight loss Increased physical activity Cut carbohydrates,eat more monounsaturated fats | Aim for 20-pound loss/year 30minutes of moderate activity 5days a week Replace cookies,candy,cakes with unsalted almonds,walnuts,peanuts |
High triglycerides level 150mg/dL or greater | Weight loss Reduce simple carbohydrates Limit alcohol | Raise omega-3fatty acids/Aim for 20-pound loss/year Replace soda,juices with seltzer,water,diet soda Limit:2drinks/day for men; 1drink/day for women Eat fish twice/week |
High blood sugar after fasting 110mg/dL or greater | Weight loss Increase soluble fiber | Aim for 20-pound loss/year* Replace white bread with brown bread,whole grains,cereals |
A.controlling body weight
B.balancing daily diet
C.reducing salt intake
D.drinking skim milk
71.Suppose you have high blood pressure,what thing you needn't do?C
A.Reducing salt in your diet
B.Losing weight moderately
C.Raising omega-3fatty acids intake
D.Getting 3glasses of skim milk daily
72.If you are suggested that you have to replace white bread with brown bread,You probably have the health problem ofB
A.high triglycerides level
B.high blood sugar after fasting
C.abdominal obesity
D.low HDL (good) cholesterol
73.We can infer from the graph thatD.
A.keeping slim is a fashionable trend nowadays.
B.stopping smoking can make us healthy mentally and physically.
C.taking less meat and salt can help maintain normal blood pressure.
D.a little lifestyle changing can make a big difference in our body condition.