题目内容

Taking a shower is relaxing．You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you．But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?

A research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University in the US interviewed over 3,000 people around the world．It turned out that nearly two-thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work．

So why does a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it．

Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone (荷尔蒙) closely related to our creativity．“People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamine”, explained Alice Flaherty, a famous American neuroscientist．“Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring 'Aha!' moment to us．”

Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with．Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories．In this way, according to American psychologist Shelley H．Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation (孵化) period’ for your ideas．”

Compared with sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is something we do less frequently in our daily life．When showering, we get a fresh experience with the change of location, temperature and humidity．“New and unexpected experiences can lead to positive changes in thinking,” explained Kaufman．“Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view．”

Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, but it needn't just be the bathroom where you get your inspiration．For instance, Gertrude Stein, a female American writer and poet, got new ideas by driving around a farm and stopping at different cows until she found the one that most inspired her．So try to create your own way to free your mind, whether it's a walk near the ocean, a country drive or reading a book at home．

1.According to the article, what changes can showering cause?

A．Bringing the terrible moment to us．

B．Increasing the level of dopamine．

C．Leading to boredom or tiredness．

D．Setting the creative part of the brain free．

2.If one has focused on something all day, showering can help _______．

A．turn one’s attention inwards

B．draw one’s attention to the outside world

C．one make an important breakthrough

D．many chemical changes to take place

3.It can be inferred from the article that _______．

A．changes in the frequency of an action can create a new perspective

B．it is a good idea to talk with others about their sources of inspiration

C．our lives might feel longer and fuller if we frequently try new things

D．it is helpful to try something different rather than stay focused on a difficult task

4.The example of Gertrude Stein in the last paragraph is used to _______．

A．encourage readers to find their own ways of getting inspiration

B．point out to readers that it's hard to find inspiration

C．explain how to link inspiration with readers’ daily lives

D．show that creativity often comes from strange places

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Jane opened the window to ________ a little air and sunshine.

A. admitB. admireC. adaptD. adopt

Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused (激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”

1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?

A. Private e-mails.

B. Research papers.

C. News reports.

D. Daily conversations．

2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?

A. They’re socially inactive.

B. They’re good at telling stories.

C. They’re careful with their words.

D. They’re inconsiderate of others.

3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?

A. Science articles.

B. Sports news.

C. Personal accounts.

D. Financial reviews.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide

B. Online News Attracts More People

C. Reading Habits Change with the Times

D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Summer camps are the place 1. teenagers are going to be helped under professional guidance. Troubled teens 2. (suffer) from behavior problems are treated through different methods. A number of summer camps are offering 3. wide range of services.

Right now large 4. (quantity) of youths have serious behavior problems. Among the reasons behind the rude nature of a kid 5. (be) the modern life style, bad company, and perhaps improper care by their parents. Military summer camps are helpful in solving the behavior problems. A strict training program is offered to youths. Outdoor projects 6. (give) to teenagers for improving their creative skills. These projects also bring confidence inside a troubled teen. 7. addition, weekly reports are sent to them based upon analysis of performance and activity of teens.

Teenagers are the main sufferers of eating disorder. It increases unwanted fat on various parts of the body and 8. (negative) affects a person’s physical or mental health. The children who don’t care about their health and are unable to pay attention to physical fitness are admitted into 9. (weigh) loss summer camps. There the staff members and trainers are expertise in helping troubled teens. They put full effort on teens 10. (bring) back their normal life.

假如你是李华，最近你在澳大利亚布里斯班的home stay打算来中国旅游并来看望你，来之前有问题要咨询你，请根据下面home stay的电子邮件用英语回一封电子邮件。

Hi，Li Hua,

Hope you and your family are well．We have booked a tour to see the sights of China in March．In the travel we plan to fly to Guangzhou to see you．How does that sound? We are going to stay in your city for two days, so can you keep us informed of your arrangements about our stay and how can we get to your city from the airport? By the way, which hotel we’d better reserve in your city?

Waiting for your reply!

Steven and Karen

注意：1．词数100字左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．写作内容不要透露你所在城市的任何信息，推荐酒店为Hilton Hotel。

Dear Steven and Karen，

I am more than thrilled to know that you are going to be with us for two days and ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________Looking forward to your coming !

Yours faithfully

LiHua

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处， 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Here is the Time Machine, which I used to travelling into the future last week. I was very nervous and certain at first. Besides, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was understanding and gave me some green medicine helped a lot. His parents' company, called "Future Tours", transport me safely into the future . A few minute later, the journey was completed and we arrived. I was still on the earth and one thousand years in the future. At first my new surroundings turned into complete dark. Hitting by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. At that time Wang Ping came to me and she handed a mask to me and then I felt better in a flash.

Fort Scott High School English teacher Emily Rountree has been working this semester to raise money for Charity Water, a nonprofit organization that uses 100 percent public donations to help fund water projects in places without access to clean drinking water. Her goal was to motivate her students to use their writing in class to make a real-world difference. Twelve students got top grades for the project, and their articles will be published both in The Tribune and online. Here is one example:

Did you know that there are many countries around the world that don’t have access to safe drinking water? Just think: that could be you, or someone in your family. My name is Tanner Johnson, and I attend Fort Scott High School. In my English classes, we are trying to raise money for Charity Water. Charity Water is an organization that helps people get water in countries where there is no safe drinking water.

In developing countries, 780 million people don’t have access to clean drinking water. In Africa alone, people spend 40 billion hours every year just walking to get water. Women and children are the ones that mainly do the walking. They could be attacked or get hurt while they travel to get water. When they do get home, the water that they have brought is unsafe water from swamps, ponds, or rivers. If they had safe drinking water, they wouldn’t have to worry about these problems, and they wouldn’t be wasting hours of their day. Unsafe drinking water causes many different kinds of diseases that could lead to death.

You could help save someone’s life, by donating $20 so we can help get them some safe drinking water. You can easily donate online at mycharitywater.org/fshsenglish, or you can send a check to Emily Rountree, payable to Fort Scott High School. If we don’t help these people, then who will?

1. How can the students make a difference to the world?

A. By donating all their pocket money.

B. By collecting money in their spare time.

C. By giving away their money from what they earn by writing.

D. By behaving well in class.

2. From what Tanner Johnson said, we know that ____________.

A. the students know a lot about the world

B. the students have a positive attitude

C. the students work hard at their lessons

D. the students work at Charity Water

3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____________.

A. only a few people have donated money

B. it is easy to lend a hand to those in need

C. staff at the website will collect all the money

D. it is easiest to pay by check

Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper - a little bird called a honey guide.

The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax（蜂蜡）, which is deep inside the bees' nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.

Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but nothing can prevent the birds from making efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.

1.What can we know from paragraph 1?

A. The wild bees’ nests can be easily found.

B. The wild bees’ honey isn’t a natural sugar.

C. A honey guide can help people find the honey.

D. A honey guide is a local villager living in the forest.

2.The underlined word “the follower” in paragraph 2 refers to________.

A. A member of a nest’s bees.

B. A bird which feeds on bees.

C. A person who raises bees.

D. A person who hunts for honey.

3.Which words can best describe a honey guide ?

A. Determined and smart.

B. Selfish and self-centered.

C. Helpful and Humorous.

D. Stubborn and mean.

Part of the fun of watching sports events is following an exciting rivalry (竞争关系).

But where do all these rivalries come from?

Some rivalries start because athletes spend a lot of time close to opponents (对手).

Other rivalries get personal. Things that one rival says that are thought to be not respectful to the other can cause a rivalry, even if the words are misunderstood. And sometimes, rivalries grow just because the athletes don’t like each other’s personalities.

Some sports may also be more likely than others to cause rivalries. “Some sports only meet a few times, so there is less chance for rivalries to build,” For example, in sports where athletes perform on their own, such as diving, rivalries might also take longer to appear than in sports in which athletes compete at the same time. But in tennis, players often face each other, and rivalries are more likely to happen.

So do the rivalries do good or harm to the athletes?

Some believe that rivalries can be a good thing because they encourage athletes to try harder to win. But rivalries can also become too personal, taking athletes’ attention away from their sports.

Keegan agreed that rivalries often do athletes more harm than good. “They can be a huge distraction (分散注意力的事) and lead to focusing on the opponent more than the game,” he said.

“Top athletes often have physical and mental training that they follow in order to worry less and prepare to compete”, Gould further explained. An important part of that preparation is preventing from distractions, including rivalries.

“The better athletes don’t care too much about a rivalry – they try to treat every competition the same,” Gould told LiveScience.

1.According to the article, which of the following sports is least likely to cause a rivalry?

A. Tennis. B. Swimming. C. Diving. D. Soccer.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A. Rivalries between athletes may result from misunderstandings.

B. The more often you meet your opponent, the more you dislike him or her.

C. Rivalries mainly come from a dislike for each other’s personalities.

D. Audiences easily get bored if there are few rivalries in a competition.

3.Why does Keegan think rivalries could do more harm than good to athletes?

A. Rivalries could result in physical and mental suffering.

B. Rivalries could cause athletes to worry needlessly.

C. Rivalries could drive athletes to train too hard.

D. Rivalries could distract athletes from their sports.

4.In Gould’s eyes, top athletes ______.

A. care little about their competition

B. focus more on the game than on their opponents

C. treat every competition as daily training

D. take every possible opportunity to become stronger

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