题目内容

18.As they migrate(迁移),butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with,and they change their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction.This new finding suggests that insects may employ some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances.Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.
    Fascinating as their skills of flight are,migrating behavior has been difficult to study in.insects because  many long distant trips  happen thousands thousands of feet above ground. Only recently i have scientists developed technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights.
To their surpri se,though,the insects weren't passive travelers on the winds.In autumn,for example,most light winds blew from the east,but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried  them south and they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wIntenng homes.
 Even in the spring,when most winds flowed northward,the insects didn't always go with the flow.If breezes weren't blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go,the insects changed their body positions to compensate.Many migrating birds do the same thing.
The study also found,butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along.By adding flight speeds to wind speeds,the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast as 100 kilometers an hour.The findings may have real-world applications.
With climate warming,migrating insects are growing in number.Knowing how and when these pests move could help when farmers decide when to spray their crops.
71.Whatl S the main idea of the text?C
  A.Insects migrate with the seasons.
  B.Wind helps insects greatly in migrating.
  C.Windsurfing insects have real direction.
  D.Scientists have trouble in observing insects.
72.Scientists originally thought thatC.
  A.insects always waited for their favourable winds
  B.insects chose the winds they wanted to ride
  C.insects were j ust blown about by the wind
  D.insects posi tioned themselves in the winds  
73.It is not easy to stuay the migrating behavior of the insects becauseD
  A.the little creatures can fly very fast
  B.they have no regular migrating courses
  C.the wind's direction is hard to f.oresee  
  D.their flight is long and high above ground
74.We can learn from the text thatA
   A.insects fly in the way birds do
   B•insects travel more easily in autumn
   C.insects never position themselves when flying low   
   D.insects rest a lot when the wind pushes them along
75.According to the passage,the findings canB.
  A.increase insects in number    B.instruct farmers when to spray
  C.prevent climate warming    D.help protect insects.

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,主要讲述了帆板类昆虫也有真正的方向.

解答 71-75.CCDAB
71题答案:C考查主旨大意,本文主要讲了实际上帆板类昆虫其实也是有方向的,而不是像人们以为的任由风摆布;故本题答案为C选项.
72题答案:C考查细节推理,根据原文第二段的最后一句Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.科学家长期以来一直以为昆虫只是任由风摆布.可知本题答案为C选项.
73题答案:D考查细节推理,根据原文的 because  many long distant trips  happen thousands thousands of feet above ground.因为很多长距离的旅行发生在距离地面数以千计英尺的高空.可知本题答案为D选项.
74题答案:A考查细节推理,根据文章首段的This new finding suggests that insects may employ some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances.该项新的发现表明昆虫可能运用了鸟类远距离飞行的某些方法.可知本题答案为A选项.
75题答案:B考查细节推理,根据文章最后一段的Knowing how and when these pests move could help when farmers decide when to spray their crops.知道这些昆虫是如何及何时移动(迁徙)能够帮助农民决定何时浇灌庄稼.故本题答案为B选项.

点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.

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8.My father was,by nature,a cheerful,kindly man.Until he was thirty-four years old he worked as a farm-hand for Thomas Butterworth near the town of Bidwell,Ohio.On Saturday evenings he drove his horse into town to spend a few hours in social intercourse with other farm-hands.He was quite happy in his position in life.
It was in his thirty-fifth year that father married my mother,a school teacher.Something happened to the two people.The American passion for getting up in the world took possession of them.Mother induced father to give up his place as a farm-hand,sell his horse and start an independent enterprise of his own.They rented ten acres of poor stony land and launched into chicken raising.
One inexperienced in such matters can have no idea of the many and tragic things that can happen to a chicken.It is born out of an egg,lives for a few weeks as a tiny fluffy thing,then becomes naked,gets diseases,and dies.A few hens,and now and then a rooster,intended to serve God's mysterious ends,struggle through to maturity.The hens lay eggs out of which come other chickens and the awful cycle is thus made complete.It is all unbelievably complex.Most philosophers must have been raised on chicken farms.One hopes for so much from a chicken and is so awfully disappointed.Small chickens,look so bright and in fact so awfully stupid.They are so much like people they mix one up in one's judgments of life.If disease does not kill them they wait until your expectations are thoroughly aroused and then walk under the wheels of a carriage.
In later life I have seen how a literature has been built up on the subject of fortunes to be made out of the raising of chickens.It is intended to be read by the gods who have just eaten of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.It is a hopeful literature and declares that much may be done by simple ambitious people who own a few hens.Do not be misguided by it.It was not written for you.Go hunt for gold on the frozen hills of Alaska,put your faith in the honesty of a politician,believe if you will that good will defeat evil,but do not read and believe the literature that is written concerning the hen.
For ten years my father and mother struggled to make our chicken farm pay and then they gave up that struggle and began another.They moved into the town of Bidwell,Ohio and began the restaurant business,with the tiny hope of looking for a new place from which to start on our upward journey through life.
61.Which of the following is the right order of what happened?A
a.Father got married to Mother,a school teacher.
b.Father quitted working at Butterworth's.
c.My parents launched a business in Bidwell.
d.Father socialized in town on Saturday evenings
e.My parents started their job of chicken farming.
A.d-a-b-e-c
B.d-a-c-b-e
C.d-b-a-e-c
D.d-b-a-c-e
62.By saying"Most philosophers must have been raised on chicken farms",the author means that chicken farmingB.
A.is so complex that only philosophers can comprehend it
B.gives you a philosophical insight into life
C.exposes you to a complete circle of life
D.allows you the time to judge the life
63.In the author's opinion,the literature about chicken raisingD.
A.is full of hope and positive energy
B.proves the victory of good over evil 
C.persuades you to believe in politicians
D.tends to be blindly optimistic about its rewards
64.What's the author's attitude towards parents'dream of rise to success?C
A.approving      
B.optimistic      
C.skeptical        
D.indifferent.
9.Ears are for hearing-everyone knows that.But for a creature called the Cuvier's beaked whale,hearing starts in the throat,a new study found.
The observation might help explain how all whales hear.The work might also help scientists understand how animals are affected by underwater sonar (一种探测系统).This sonar,used by some ships,sends out sound waves to locate underwater objects.
The Cuvier's beaked whale is a so-called toothed whale.Toothed whales dive deep into the ocean in search of food.As the whales hunt,they produce sounds that reach objects and then return to the whales.This allows the animals to"see"the shape,size,and location of objects,even when they're 1,000meters under the sea,where it is totally dark.
To better understand how the whale hears,researchers from San Diego State University in California took X-rays of two Cuvier's beaked whales.The whales had died and washed up on the beach.
Ted Cranford and his colleagues used the images to make a computer model of a Cuvier's beaked whale's head.Then,they modeled the process of sound traveling through the head.
The researchers knew that some sounds get to the ears of a toothed whale through a structure  called"the window for sound".Found on the lower jaw,this structure is very thin on the outside and has a large pad (垫) of fat on the inside.
When the researchers used their computer model to work out how sound waves travel in the whale's head,they were surprised to find that sounds coming from right in front of the whale actually travel under the animal's jaw.From there,sound waves move through the throat,into a hole in the back of the jaw,and finally to the pad of fat near the animal's ears.
Cranford guesses that other types of whales may hear through their throats.Further testing is needed to be sure.Eventually,the insight into how whales hear might explain whether sonar testing by military ships is causing the animals to wind up on beaches.

72.Toothed whales look for food under the sea byC.
A.watching the shape and size of their objects  
B.diving deep into the sea
C.sending and receiving sounds     
D.making lots of noises
73.Researchers took X-rays of two Cuvier's beaked whales in order toD.
A.find out why they had died and washed up on the beach
B.make a computer model of a Cuvier's beaked whale's head
C.make sure that sound travels through the head
D.know more about the way the whale hears
74.Which of the following describes the way taken by sound waves through a Cuvier's beaked whale?B
A.A hole in the back of the jaw→the ears→the jaw→the throat.
B.The jaw→the throat→a hole in the back of the jaw→the ears.
C.The throat→the jaw→the ears→a hole in the back of the jaw.
D.The ears→the throat→a hole in the back of the jaw→the jaw.
75.What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage?D
A.Ears are useless to the Cuvier's beaked whale.
B.Military ships send out sounds like a Cuvier's beaked whale.
C.The whale's unusual acts have nothing to do with human activities.
D.Further research might show human activities can influence whale's activities.
6.There are two basic ways to see growth:one as a product,the other as a process.People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured.The worker who gets a rise,the student whose grades improve,the foreigner who learns a new language-all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast (对照),the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine,since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way.The process is not the road itself,but the attitudes,feelings people have,and their caution or courage,as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties.In this process,the journey never really ends;there are always new ways to experience the world,new ideas to try,new challenges to accept.
In order to grow,to travel new roads,people need to have a willingness to take risks,to face the unknown,and to accept the possibility that they may"fail"at first.How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow.Do we see ourselves as quick and curious?If so,we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences.Do we think we're shy and indecisive?Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate,to move slowly,and we think we are slow to adapt change or that we're not smart enough to deal with a new challenge.Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow.If we protect ourselves too much,then we stop growing.We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.

26.In the author's eye,one who views personal growth as a process wouldC.
A.succeed in climbing up the social ladder
B.grow up from his own achievements
C.face difficulties and take up challenges
D.aim high and reach his goal each time
27.Which of the following can be viewed as the process of personal growing?A
A.Our manager was always willing to accept new challenges.
B.Jane won the first prize in the speech competition.
C.Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris.
D.Father's salary rose from 5,000to 7,000.
28.For personal growth,the author is in favor of all the following exceptD.
A.being curious about more changes  
B.being quick in self-adaptation
C.having an open mind to new experiences
D.staying away from failures and challenges
29.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?C
A.It is not so easy to measure personal growth.
B.To try and fail on the new road facing the unknown is unavoidable.
C.There are only two ways to see a person's growth.
D.If you are too shy to take any risks in life,you cannot grow up.
30.The best title for this passage should beB.
A.Facing New Challenges                  B.Growth-Product or Process
C.Two Basic Ways of Growth               D.Overcoming Internal Fears.
13.A new power plant in Nakoso,Japan,might someday change everything for coal plants.Since the new power plant fired up in September,the designer,Mistubishi,is expecting to prove it's possible to burn coal without polluting.This technology is known as integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC).Proving IGCC works should give Mitsubishi's US partner,NRG Energy,the jump other hurdles to building new clean plants.
The project promised to solve the problem of the ages for power plants:how to produce cheap,clean,reliable electricity.No existing technology can do all three perfectly.
The problem is IGCC isn't there yet.It costs about 20 percent more than traditional plants.And even though it's easier to collect the resulting carbon dioxide from an IGCC plant than a traditional plant,there's no proven way to get rid of the greenhouse gas.One plan is to drill a shaft(通道) to pump the carbon dioxide underground,into saltwater formations.But there's no guarantee it will remain underground forever.
NRG administrators think solving the IGCC riddles is worth the trouble because they expect the U.S.will soon limit the amount of carbon dioxide that power generators may give out.
"With the additional cost of IGCC,to just voluntarily build something that's 20 percent more expensive,that's commercial suicide,"NRG chief administrator,David Crane said.
NRG administrators expect the cost to decline after six or seven plants are built.But other industry experts think it will take about a dozen plants for the price to be competitive with traditional coal plants.
Takaya Watanabe,a vice general manager of Mitsubishi,admits that the cost challenges are difficult."It's good for a company to say we want to be green,but unless someone is willing to pay,it's a dream.It won't keep our family eating rice,"he said.
64.What is expected of the new technology?A
A.To make electricity without polluting the air.
B.To produce energy without burning coal.
C.To keep the use of electricity cheaper.
D.To pump carbon dioxide more easily.
65.What's the biggest problem the companies are faced with?B
A.How to pump greenhouse gases.
B.How to deal with the high cost.
C.How to get along with other partners.
D.How to improve the new technology.
66.What can be inferred from the passage?D
A.New technologies are unacceptable to people.
B.It's unlikely to build more new power plants.
C.The companies are run on a tight budget.
D.Going green is easier said than done.
3.No one wants to be tested.We would all like to get a driver's license without answering questions about rights of way or showing that we can parallel park a car.Many future lawyers and doctors probably wish they could join their profession without taking an exam.
But tests and standards are a necessary fact of life.They protect us from unskilled drivers,harmful products and dishonest professionals.In schools too exams play a.constructive role.They tell public officials whether new school programs are making a difference and where new investments are likely to pay off. They tell teachers what their students have learned--and have not.They tell parents how their children are doing compared with others their age.They encourage students to make more effort.
It is important to recall that for most of century,educators used intelligence tests to decide which children should get a high-quality education.The point of IQ testing was to find out how much children were capable of learning rather than to test what they had actually learned.Based on IQ scores,millions of children were assigned to dumbed-down programs instead of solid courses in science,math,history,literature and foreign language.
This history reminds us that tests should be used to improve education.Every child should have access to a high-quality education.Students should have full opportunity to learn what will be tested; otherwise their scores will merely reflect whether they come from an educated family.
In the past few years,we have seen the enormous benefits that flow to disadvantaged students because of the information provided by state tests.Those who fall behind are now getting extra instruction in after-school classes and summer programs.In their efforts to improve student performance,states are increasing teachers  salaries,testing new teachers and insisting on better teacher education.
Performance in education means the mastery of both knowledge and skills.This is why it is reasonable to test teachers to make sure they know their subject matter,as well as how to teach it to young children.And this is why it is reasonable to assess whether students are ready to advance to the next grade or graduate from high school.

63.According to the passage,school exams enableA.
A.governments to make right policies
B.students to meet their teachers'requirements
C.teachers to understand if their students have made efforts
D.parents to compare their kids'achievements across schools
64."Dumbed-down programs"in Paragraph 3refer to the programs whichB.
A.lead to high-quality education
B.are less academically challenging
C.are intended for intelligent students
D.enable children to make steady progress
65.Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A
A.Disadvantaged students can benefit from state tests.
B.Tests should focus on what students have actually learned.
C.Intelligent tests decide if children should get a high-quality education.
D.Intelligent tests are helpful in seperating excellent students from poor ones.
66.What is the purpose of the passage?B
A.To re-assess the value of IQ testing.
B.To defend the role of testing in education.
C.To explain what high-quality education means.
D.To call for thorough and complete reform in education.
10.If you are afraid of the dark,it's not a big deal.It's perfectly normal to feel afraid After all,animals do too."Fear matters,"says Karen Warkentin,an ecologist."It's a good thing,"she adds,"because fear makes you do things that keep you alive."
Like kids,many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways.A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell.A small fish will swim away when a big,hungry fish approaches.
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs.Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red-eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species,female frogs attach jellylike clumps(果冻一样的块状物)of their eggs to the undersides of leaves.The leaves hang on branches that dangle(悬挂)over ponds.After they hatch from the eggs,the tadpoles(蝌蚪)then fall into the water,where they eventually grow into
adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching.If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack,however,they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule.As the snakes are unable to swim,by falling into the water early,the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red-eyed tree frogs from snakes,you might wonder why their eggs don't always hatch sooner.It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger.Once tadpoles land in the water,hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too.Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days,then,allows frog embryos(胚胎)to grow big and strong.This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water.
 
68.It can be inferred from the passage that fears.D
A.help animals grow bigger and stronger
B.are less common among young animals
C.help animals move a lot to fit the environment
D.are more or less important in order for animals to survive
69.We are told in the passage that tree frogsA.
A.face danger both inside their eggs and in the water
B.will grow fast if they fall into the water later
C.are surprisingly clever when inside their eggs
D.stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened
70.What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?C
A.Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule.
B.How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them.
C.Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way.
D.How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the.
7.You can help your firm innovate(创新) by creating a culture in which all employees are actively encouraged to put forward ideas.But how do you get the best from people and encourage them to be at their most creative.
Stress the importance of creativity.(36)D If they don't understand innovation can keep your firm competitive,your efforts at encouraging creative thinking risk falling flat.
Make time for brainstorming.Find some time for new ideas to come out.For example,set aside time for brainstorming,hold regular group works hops(研讨会) and arrange team days out.A team involved in a brainstorming session is likely to be more effective.(37)EYou should also give individuals the space to reflect privately on their work if you think they need it.
Challenge the way staff work.(38)F Ask people whether they have considered alternative ways of working and what might be achieved by doing things differently.
(39)AMotivate individuals or teams who come up with winning ideas by actively recognizing creativity,for example through an award scheme.You can reward those who just have a rich flow of suggestions,regardless of whether they are put into action at work.
Act on ideas.Creative thinking is only worthwhile if it results in action.Provide the time and resources to develop and carry out those ideas worth acting on.(40)G In addition,the flow of ideas may well dry up if staff feel the process is pointless.

A.Reward creativity.
B.The problem is that our minds are lazy.
C.Be willing to make mistakes.
D.Make sure all your employees know that you want to hear their ideas.
E.Individuals within the team can test and improve the ideas together.
F.Encourage employees to keep looking at the way they approach their work.
G.Failure to do so means that your firm may fail to benefit from innovation.
3.The vast majority of fitness trackers count your steps and are worn around the wrist,but now there's a device that's designed to be worn like a necklace and monitors tiny movements to improve your posture.
The Fineck device aims to address neck pain by tracking tiny movement,spotting bad habits and suggesting exercises via an accompanying app.Made from silicone(硅)and titanium(钛),Fineck monitors a wearer's movement,balance,posture and movement thanks to sensors inside.The Mountain View California-based firm says that a high percentage of people suffer from neck pain and associated problems,probably caused by more individuals doing office jobs,which generally involve leaning over computer keyboard.
The device contains sensors,several different types of instruments to monitor movement,plus a monitor to shake.It connects to an iOS app via Bluetooth so that wearers can see their bad habits and play"neck training"games.The app warns of health risks and records a user's activity to build up a customer personal health description.The necklace shakes to give smart advice,such as reminding wearers to sit up straight.The app also allows users to set goals,like many other wearables do."Fineck is the first wearable device for your neck that tracks your neck activity and warn you when you are in a bad posture for too long.You can also exercise your neck with Fineck's interactive games."The company writes on Kickstarter."No matter where you are and what you are doing at office,on the go,or simply just feeling bored,Fineck will bring you enriched exercise experience through motion sensing games and therapies."
It also claims that it is"the world's first titanium wearable device".The metal is widely used in fashion stuff that you can wear or carry to match your clothes because it is lightweight,durable and does not tend to cause allergic(过敏的)reactions.It also offers additional features such as shaking to indicate alerts on a user's smartphone,but it is not currently clear whether it can also be used like bands,to count steps,and so on.
The Fineck has a battery life of around seven days and takes one hour to charge.It is available to pre-order via Kickstarter from$69(£44)and is due to ship in March next year.

74.What helps the Fineck device to deal with neck painA?
A.An accompanying app.
B.A necklace
C.Computer keyboard.
D.A remote control
75.Besides allowiong people to set goals,the iOS app alsoC.
A.improves your posture and suggests exercises
B.exercise your neck and does office jobs
C.alerts you to health risk and records your activity
D.counts your steps and addresses neck pain
76.Which of the following statements is trueD?
A.The Fineck takes an hour to charge and is available at any time.
B.Movie stars like to wear necklace made of silicone to match their clothes.
C.The device count the steps to help wearers to see their bad habits.
D.Neck-ache is something caused by using computers too much.
77.We can infer from the passage that the Fineck device willD.
A.actually not cause allergic reactions.
B.enrich your life by providing"neck training"games
C.monitor a wearer's movement due to the material it is made of
D.help to correct your improper postures.

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