Question

【题目】阅读理解。

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to【1】the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary【2】

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is【3】design. Post-Modernist designers began to【4】with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen【5】such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is【6】. For example, think of a(n)【7】desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to【8】light where it is needed.

From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into【9】the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily【10】the toothpaste onto our brush.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】

【4】

【5】C

【6】

【7】B

【8】F

【9】A

【10】

【解析】试题分析：本文属于说明文，告诉我们好的设计应包括四个黄金定律：简约、功能、舒适和情感。

【1】capture获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语＂to capture.....＂作动词try的宾语。句意：多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞清楚好的设计的本质。

【2】decorations 装饰品，该词在句中作动词avoid的宾语。本段的主题是＂Less is more＂，倡导装修设计的简单化。句意：设计应该避免不必要的装饰品。

【3】soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design。根据前半句The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly可知美国出生的建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的。

【4】experiment with试用，用……做实验。句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色。

【5】appliance电器，电器工具；由后面列举的例子＂ovens and kettles＂烤箱和水壶可推断此处指厨房电器等物品。

【6】intended预期的；本句中该词和系动词is构成系表结构。句意：对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。

【7】adjustable可调节的；本句中该词作定语修饰名词desk lamp，意为＂可调节的台灯＂，与后句中的＂regular adjustments by the user＂相呼应。

【8】direct把……对准，指导；本句中该词与名词light构成动宾短语。句意：最重要的是，它需要对准需要光线的地方。

【9】take....into account考虑……；把……考虑在内；句意：他认为设计必须要把自然的知觉考虑在内，如：视觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉。

【10】squeeze挤压；本句中该词和名词the toothpaste构成动宾关系。句意：当我们选择日常用品时，我们很喜欢一个看起来很酷的装置，能让我们很容易地把牙膏挤到我们的牙刷上。