题目内容
2.
Peltzman said that people drove more dangerously when they wore seat belts (安全带).Driving a large four-wheel drive vehicle has a similar effect on drivers'behavior.Because drivers of large vehicles sit up higher and can see better,they feel they can make better judgments when they drive.They are better protected in accidents,so they act more dangerously.This makes driving more hazardous to other drivers.
The Peltzman Effect isn't just limited ( 限于) to driving.In 1972,the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) passed a law requiring child safety caps on most medicine bottles.The safety caps were designed to prevent children from accidentally taking the medicine,especially painkillers such as aspirin.Requiring safety caps sounded like a great idea,but there was an unexpected side effect.Because the safety caps are so hard to take off,some people leave them off altogether.Worse,some parents leave the bottles where kids can reach them because they feel that it is safe because of the cap.A study on the Peltzman Effect showed that more than 3,500children have been harmed by aspirin because of the safety caps.
The Peltzman Effect describes how we're likely to take more risks and act more dangerously when we feel safest.What's more,the effects of these behaviors can be quite different from what
we expect.
21.What is the Peltzman Effect?B
A.People feel safest when they are under protection.
B.People behave less safely when they feel safe.
C.People who act dangerously are likely to be together.
D.Something that seems dangerous turns out to be safe.
22.What does the underlined word"hazardous"in Paragraph 2mean?D
A.Expensive.
B.Interesting.
C.Important.
D.Dangerous.
23.Why do some people leave the safety caps of medicine bottles open?A
A.The caps can't be opened easily.
B.The caps don't work at all.
C.The bottles without caps are less attractive to kids.
D.The bottles are out of the reach of children.
24.What would be the best title for the text?B
A.Types of Decision Making
B.Unsafe Safety Measures
C.Different Behaviors of People in Danger
D.People's Fear of Taking Risks.
分析 文章主要讲述了佩兹曼效应,通过举例子的方式描述了当我们感到安全时可能会冒更大的风险和更危险的时刻.
解答 21.B 细节理解题. 根据第一段 Peltzman believes that those moments when people think they are the safest are the times when they act most dangerously.Peltzman认为,当人们认为感到安全时,他们的行为就不那么安全了.可知答案.故选B.
22.D 细节理解题.根据上一句 they act more dangerously 可知,由于这些四驱车的司机危险驾驶,这必然会对其他司机的生命构成威胁甚至带来伤害.故划线词是"危险的".故选D.
23.A 细节理解题.根据第三段 Because the safety caps are so hard to take off,some people leave them off altogether 因为安全帽很难起飞,有些人干脆把它们关了;可知答案.故选A.
24.B 推理判断题.根据第一段 Have you ever done something that was really dangerous just because you thought it was safe?你做过什么真正危险的事情吗?只是因为你认为它是安全的;和段尾 The Peltzman Effect describes how we're likely to take more risks and act more dangerously when we feel safest.Peltzman效应描述了当我们感到安全时更有可能冒更大的风险和有更危险的行为,可知答案.故选B.
点评 本文是一个社会文化类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据

People watching TV advertisements would notice that there has always been an advertisement war between the marketers of different consumer goods.A few such cases are given below.
1.Parachute Coconut Oil vs.V.V.D.Gold
Some time back,the producer of V.V.D Gold Coconut Oil claimed in their TV advertisement that only their products was superior and the one sold in blue colour bottles (the reference was to Parachute coconut oil) was suitable only for un-natural hair.
2.Tata Salt vs.Captain Cook
Tata salt was first iodised (碘处理) salt marketed by an Indian Company.It has been enjoying a good and steady market.Captain Cook,another producer of iodised salt,who entered the market later,had to adopt some strategy to get control of the market.The TV advertisement of Captain Cook stressed on‘Free flow'of their salt when transferred to a container.The producer of Tata Salt retaliated (报复) by saying that the claim of Captain Cook was a trick and those who were quality conscious should deal with it carefully.
3.Pepsi vs.Coco Cola
Coca Cola was selected as the official soft drink for the Wills World Cricket 1996.When the cricket series was on,the marketers of Pepsi constantly advertised on TV.Their advertisement gave the idea that the cricketers liked Pepsi the best and as a matter of fact there was nothing official about it.
4.Horlicks vs.Complan
Sometime back,the TV advertisement of Complan,a health drink directly attacked Horlicks,which has been in the market for several decades.The claim of Complan was that their brand (which according to them was Brand C) has a higher percentage of ingredients (材料) compared to Brand H (reference was nothing but to Horlicks).
The above examples clearly show how the technique of advertisement is misused by some marketers to ruin the image of their competitors.This,certainly,is not a healthy trend.
Any marketer should only speak about his products and not about his competitors'products.The awareness of consumers has certainly increased over the years and they are no longer easily taken in.There are many consumer products like salt,oil shaving blades etc.But one thing for sure is that offering the same product in a different container will not make the product different.
Mass media like Radio,Television and newspaper should not allow advertisements that tell lies.Legal regulations,in this regard,should also be made stricter.
Comparison of the past and the present | ||
In the past | At present | |
A technique mainly used for offering information about the products'(46)availability | A trick used as a means of unfair (47)competition | |
(48)Cases/Examplesgiven | Products | Wrong (49)practice(s) |
V.V.D.Gold | l No product of the kind could (50)matchit. | |
Captain Cook | l Captain Cook stressed on their"free flow"when their product was put into a container. | |
Tata Salt | l Tata salt warned consumers to be (51)careful. | |
Pepsi | l Too much advertisement on TV seemed to say that Pepsi was the cricketers'(52)favorite. | |
Complan | l Complan claimed that their product has more ingredients (53)compared to Brand H. | |
(54)Solutions | The competitors'products are not (55)allowedto be mentioned in the advertisement. Stricter laws should be made to protect every producers'and consumers'benefits. |
-I'd love to,but I _____ my driving test then.( )
A. | will be taking | B. | take | C. | have taken | D. | took |