20.Garlic is one of the most common cooking ingredients around the world.Many dishes in Europe,Africa,Asia and the Americas use this strong-flavored vegetable.
Garlic is similar to other bulb-shaped plants,including onions,chives,leeks and scallions.But garlic is special.For centuries,people have used garlic not only for cooking,but also for medicine.
Medicinal garlic throughout time.
Researchers at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University studied the medicinal use of garlic throughout history.They found references to garlic in ancient texts from Egypt,Greece,Rome,China and India.
For example,in ancient Greece and Rome,people considered garlic an aid to strength and endurance.
The original Olympic athletes in Greece ate garlic to improve their performance.The ancient Romans fed garlic to the soldiers and sailors.
Workers who built the pyramids in Egypt ate garlic.In fact,this is a theme throughout early history--workers eating garlic to increase their strength.
Some researchers in China have gone so far as to call hydrogen sulfide the key to a longer life.
_______!
In a 2007 study,researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham studied how garlic increased hydrogen sulfide and how that,in turn,affected red blood cells.
David Kraus led that study.
In 2013,scientists were finally able to see this process happen.Chemists Alexander Lippert of Southern Methodist University in Dallas and Vivian S.Lin discovered how to observe this process in living human cells.
Their discovery has opened the door to more research into the health benefits of garlic and the production of hydrogen sulfide in the body.
In a 2015experiment at Penn State University,researchers injected a solution that would create hydrogen sulfide in the arms of healthy young adults.They wanted to see what hydrogen sulfide would do to a small area of blood vessels.
The initial findings are that hydrogen sulfide widened blood vessels,which then increased the flow of blood.These researchers plan to continue their research.They published their findings in The Journal of Physiology.
Older garlic may be even healthier.
But let's leave the laboratory and go to the kitchen.Don't throw out older garlic that has sprouted.You may have thought that garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and on its way to the trash bin.
But not so fast.
Scientists have reported in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that this older garlic has even more properties that are good for our bodies than fresh garlic.When researchers tested garlic that had sprouted for five days,they found it had higher antioxidant activity than fresher bulbs of garlic.
Also,to get the full effect of garlic's health benefits,do not add it to food or cook with it immediately.Cutting,crushing or mincing garlic releases the healthy compound found in the vegetable.But heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients prevents the release of this healthy compound.So cut or crush or mince the garlic,and let it rest by itself for a couple minutes.
So,are there any downsides to garlic?Well,the same reason garlic is good for us and good in dishes--that strong sulfur odor--is the same reason it gives us bad breath.
But there might be a cure for that,too.Yet another study found that eating an apple or lettuce after eating garlic cuts down on the strong garlic smell on one's breath.

63.According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true?C
A.Garlic can be used not only for cooking,but also for medicine.
B.Workers would eat garlic to increase their strength in the past.
C.Garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and should be thrown to the trash bin.
D.Heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients would reduce the health benefit of garlic.
64.Which sentence could be filled in the blanks?A
A.So many studies on garlic 
B.Medicinal garlic throughout time
C.Garlic is such a healthy food
D.Study about garlic
65.Where can you probably find the text?D
A.In a popular magazine.
B.In a story book.
C.In a biology textbook.
D.In a health report.
17.When I first started university,I remembered hearing about bone marrow(骨髓)donation during Freshman's Week.Some students volunteers from a group called Marrow tried to convince me to attend an event so I could learn more about it.The word"bone"immediately made me think that donating would be a painful procedure,so I refused. Back then,there was no way I could have known three years later,I would be one of the many people that desperately needs a bone marrow donor to save their lives.
I am currently waiting to be matched with a donor and if I am lucky enough to find a good match,it will be this lovely stranger that saves my life.I received my cancer diagnosis in June.It is only at that time that I realized how ignorant I had been about the bone marrow donation process.
The process of donating stem cells is actually very simple.In 90% of cases,donors are asked to donate their blood stem cells,the other 10% will give their bone marrow.Lots of donors say that both these things are virtually pain free,and nothing to be scared about.Being a bone marrow donor should be something to be proud of,as every donor has an opportunity to save someone's life!
At the moment I know that the doctors are busy searching for a match,I simply live every day in the hope that there will be a donor right for me.If I have an opportunity for life,I won't waste it.
When I was a first year at university,I made the mistake of walking away from becoming a stem cell donor.Please don't make the same mistake that I did.There are so many people out there,including myself,that need your help; and by undergoing a simple,pain-free procedure,you could have the chance to proudly say that you saved someone's life.

25.Why did the author refuse to learn more about bone marrow donation before?B
A.Because she could get nothing from it.
B.Because she thought that donating would be painful.
C.Because she had known nothing about it.
D.Because she was in poor health.
26.What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph1?C
A.The author was concerned about others.
B.The author was confident about the bone marrow donation.
C.The author needs the bone marrow donation now.
D.The author donates her bone marrow to save others.
27.The author needs the bone marrow because she gotA
A.cancer        
B.headache     
C.flu     
D.high blood pressure
28.The author told us her story toD
A.show us the experience of her college life.
B.explain the cause of her cancer.
C.recall her painful past.
D.encourage people to be a bone marrow donor.
1.One morning more than thirty years ago,I entered the Track Kitchen,a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast.I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly,unshaven man,who looked somewhat disheveled.He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.I asked if I might join him.He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast.
We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things.We never introduced ourselves.I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee,I asked,
"May I get you something?"
"A coffee would be nice."
Then I bought him a cup of coffee.We talked more,and he accepted another cup of coffee.Finally,I rose to leave,wished him well,and headed for the exit.At the door I met one of my friends.He asked,
"How did you get to know Mr.Galbreath?"
"Who?"
"The man you were sitting with.He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs."
I could hardly believe it.I was buying,offering a free breakfast,and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men!
My few minutes with Mr.Galbreath changed my life.Now I try to treat everyone with respect,no matter who I think they are,and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.

21.What does the underlined word"disheveled"mean?B
A.Unfriendly.
B.Untidy.
C.Gentle.
D.Kind.
22.The author bought coffee for the old man becauseA
A.he thought the old man was poor
B.he wanted to start a conversation
C.he intended to show his politeness
D.he would like to thank the old man
23.How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend?C
A.Proud
B.Pitiful 
C.Surprised 
D.Regretful
24.What is the message mainly expressed in the story?D
A.We should learn to be generous.
B.It is honorable to help those in need.
C.People in high positions are not like what we expect.
D.We should avoid judging people by their appearances.
7.Coming from a poor family,I had to take a part-time job in my college years,One day,while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my university,I saw an old couple come in (56 )with a little girl in a wheelchair.
(57)When I looked closer at this girl,l found that she was almost set on her chair.I then realized she had no arms or legs,just a head,neck and upper body.The little girl (58)was dressed (dress) in a white skirt.When the couple (59)wheeled (wheel) her up to me,I turned my head to the girl.As I took the money from her grandparents I looked back at the girl,who was giving me the (60 )brightest (bright) and largest smile I have ever seen.
All of a sudden her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl,(61 )whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of (62 )what life is all about.When I complained about my suffering and the difficulty I met,I just ignore the fact that I had been more (63 )fortunate (fortune) than many other people.If they were able to treat life with a smile,why couldn't I?
I (64)am (be) a successful business person now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world,I think about that little girl and the remarkable (非凡的) lesson about life that she taught (65 )me.

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