Question

【题目】 Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions- serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.

“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk,” said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr, MD, in a statement.

The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor 's written approval. The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (外伤性脑损伤) caused by a bump, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull (颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.

The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the U.S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA' S new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.

【1】What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?

A.Avoid using the head.B.Leave the field forever.

C.Get treatment in time.D.Switch to another sport.

【2】What does the underlined word “jolt” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.A sudden impact.B.A strict limit.

C.A concrete barrier.D.A permanent damage.

【3】What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A.How the EDC works.B.What causes damage to brain cells.

C.What a concussion is.D.How a concussion can be prevented.

【4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A.Sports Injuries in the USB.Rules for Safer Play

C.Advice to AthletesD.New Policies for Doctors

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。在全国范围内，运动伤害是年轻运动员的安全隐患。现在，美国医学协会(AMA)有了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害。文章介绍“安全游戏规则”。

【1】推理判断题。文章第三段第一句和第二句The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor 's written approval.“该政策建议可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员尽快离开赛场。然后，他们只有在得到医生的书面批准后才能恢复比赛。”由此可知，可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该及时治疗。故选C。

【2】词义猜测题。根据第四段中a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (外伤性脑损伤) caused by a bump, “脑震荡是一种由撞击造成的脑损伤”和 the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.“头部或身体的撞击导致头部和大脑快速地来回移动。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“突然的撞击”。故选A。

【3】段落大意题。根据句第四段中a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (外伤性脑损伤) caused by a bump, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.“脑震荡是一种由撞击或头部震动或身体撞击造成的脑部创伤，导致头部和大脑快速地来回移动。”由此可知，第三段讲述的是“什么是脑震荡”。故选C。

【4】主旨大意题。文章首段Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions- serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.“现在，美国医学协会(AMA)有了一套新的指导方针，旨在保护运动员免受脑震荡的危险——头部受到重击造成的严重伤害。”和最后一段尾句The AMA' S new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.“美国医学协会的新指南应该有助于降低这些数字。”由此可知，B项 Rules for Safer Play是文章最佳主题。故选B。

做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是抓住所需推断词汇前后的内容做出判断。本题第2小题，根据第四段中a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (外伤性脑损伤) caused by a bump, “脑震荡是一种由撞击造成的脑损伤”和 the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.“头部或身体的撞击导致头部和大脑快速地来回移动。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“突然的撞击”。故选A。