题目内容

Sleep is just as important as diet and exercise, and not getting enough sleep can lead to obesity, heart trouble and other health problems. Now scientists are adding more wake-up call to that list: lack of sleep damages the brain.

People who regularly have trouble falling asleep and staying asleep (one study drew the line at 6.8 hours ) show changes in brain-----actual shrinking(缩小)，in some cases--- in area important for memory and problem solving.

“We’ve always believed that we can take the weekend to catch up and be fine,” says Sigrid Veasey, a researcher in University of Pennsylvania, but that may not be the case. When she stopped mice from sleeping for 3 days, they lost 25% to 30% of the neurons (神经元) important for focused attention---- and these remaining were damaged. What’s more, these brain cells never grew again.

Clearly, something important is happening while we sleep, but exactly what sleep does for the brain has been a mystery. That’s why scientists got excited when researchers at the university of Rochester Medical Center recently offered a new theory. While observing the brains of sleeping mice, they discovered a kind of brain-cleaning system that clears away neural waste, the buildup of which is connected with Alzheimer’s.

In another study, young healthy people whose sleep was limited to 7 hours per night for one week showed damaged brain function. Scarier is that with long-lasting short sleep, you may feel fully rested. When study subjects were limited to 4 hours of sleep for 5 days, they reported feeling very tired following the first night but they didn’t get any sleepier after that.

What’s more, a 15,000 –person study found that getting an average of less than 5 hours of sleep per night for several years resulted in a decrease in memory performance equal to the brain aging 2 years.

Have we persuaded you to turn in early tonight ? Excellent.

1.The text is mainly about _________.

A. how lack of sleep damages our brain.

B. why we feel rested without enough sleep.

C. how much sleep we should get every day.

D. Why we have trouble falling asleep sometimes.

2.Sigrid Veasey’s research shows that ________

A. lack of sleep doesn’t affect our attention.

B. damaged brain cells can not recover.

C. sleeping on weekends can make up for lost sleep.

D. most neurons will die if we sleep poorly for 3 days.

3.According to paragraph 5, after several days of short sleep people may feel _________.

A. tired B. sleepy

C. energetic D. angry

4.According to the 15,000-person study, lack of sleep may cause ___________.

A. heart trouble B. obesity

C. death D. memory loss

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相关题目

The disease is so terrible that it made Jack’s life difficult, one problem leading to .

A. the other B. others C. another D. the others

I don’t think she is a nice woman; I am _____ her empty talk.

A. grateful for B. tired of

C. crazy about D. concerned about

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mary, a pretty girl, was giving an English lesson to a class of adults __1.__ had recently come to live in the United States. After __2.__ (place) quite a number of everyday objects on a table, she asked various members of the class to give her the ruler, the book, the pen and so on. Everything went __3._ well and the students seemed to understand the meaning of __4.__ English words for the objects. __5._ when Mary turned to __6._ Italian student and asked him to give her the keys, the man stood still, looking very __7._ (surprise). _8.___(see) this, Mary thought she hadn’t made the students 9.__ (understand) her clearly. So she repeated, “Would you please give me the keys?” The Italian shrugged his shoulders. Then he threw his arms _10._ Mary’s neck and kissed her on both cheeks.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ________ and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be ________ but a failure.”

After five years of ________ jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl. It was the best ________ that could have happened to me. I ________0 I wanted to do something positive (积极地) with my life because I wanted to prove to ________ that what people said about me was ________. Especially her mother, who had said to me, “Let’s ________ it, you’ve failed at everything you’ve ever done.” So I tried hard with my ________ and went to college. My first novel _ ________ while I was at college.

After college I taught during the________in high schools and attended evening classes at London University, where I got a ________in history. I became a lecturer at a college and was thinking of ________that job to write full time________ I was offered a part-time job at Leeds University. I began to feel proud of myself —________ was a working-class boy who’d ________ school early, now teaching at the university.

My writing career (职业) took off when I discovered my own style. Now I’m rich and ________ , have been on TV, and met lots of film stars. ________ what does it mean? I ________ wish all the people that have put me down had ________ : “I believe in you. You’ll succeed.”

1.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful

2.A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing

3.A. low B. poor C. good D. useful

4.A. support B. happiness C. surprise D. thing

5.A. agreed B. decided C. planned D. told

6.A. me B. them C. her D. it

7.A. wrong B. right C. stupid D. faulty

8.A. see B. know C. understand D. face

9.A. experiment B. practice C. writing D. composition

10.A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back

11.A. day B. night C. month D. year

12.A. graduation B. pass C. degree D. success

13.A. giving in B. giving back C. giving out D. giving up

14.A. while B. if C. when D. or

15.A. there B. here C. it D. that

In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment

In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数).

Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.

Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.

Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.

What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class，I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn’t function.

When Mrs. Totten reached my desk，she asked what answer I’d got for problem No. 14. “I…I didn’t get anything,” I answered，and my face felt warm.

“Correct,” she said.It turned out that the correct answer was zero.

What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third，I would never make it as a mathematician.

If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.

1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?

A．It is wise to value one’s time.

B. It is important to make an effort

C．It is right to stick to one’s belief.

D. It is enough to do the necessary.

2.Usually, Mrs. Totten asked her students to _______.

A． recite their homework together

B． grade their homework themselves

C． answer their homework questions orally

D． check the answers to their homework questions

3.The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _______.

A． asked questions in a regular way

B． walked up and down when asking questions

C． chose two or three questions for the students

D． requested her students to finish their usual questions

4. The author failed to get the questions he had expected because _______.

A. the class didn’t begin as usual

B. several students didn’t come to school

C. he didn’t try hard to make his estimate

D. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” 1. I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.

First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. 2. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if you choose a positive attitude. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.

3. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using them to get your message across. But to talk to someone in English, as quickly and well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter. 4.

The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All the hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.

Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. 5.

A. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes.

B. They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time.

C. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary.

D. However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”!

E. The second reason lies in the reluctance (不愿) of using what has just been learned.

F. The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.

G. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Easy Ways to Improve Your Writing Skills

For better or for worse, school is filled with writing homework. Good writing is important for getting a good grade. 1. Luckily, anyone can improve his or her writing with the right guidance and a little practice. Here are four easy tips to help you improve your writing skills:

1. Organize your thoughts first.

Good writers outline their thoughts before starting putting their pens to paper or hands to a keyboard. Firstly, write out each main topic. Next, list subtopics(小标题) beneath much main topic. Lastly, put the topics and subtopics into a logical(符合逻辑的) order. 2.

2. Take a standpoint.

Most writing homework asks you to take a position on what you're writing about. 3. Your thesis(论点) should determine the content of your writing homework. The stronger your thesis is, and the better you back up your thesis with related information, the stronger your writing will be overall.

3. Don't copy others' homework.

4. Most teachers use detective software to catch copycats in the act. Students found copying are usually punished and what's worse, even dismissed(开除).

5.

Some students finish writing a passage and then give it to their teachers without checking it. This is a huge mistake. It's likely that there are mistakes that need to be corrected. Additionally, one's work can always be bettered and improved.

Happy writing!

A. Look over and correct.

B. Keep a dictionary handy.

C. This main idea is called a “thesis”.

D. However, it’s still a skill many students struggle with.

E. Use this outline to give shape to your writing homework.

F. And all good writing is organized with a beginning, a middle, and an end.

G. Trying to use others’ ideas as your own can get you into serious trouble.

阅读下面短文．从短文后各题所给的四个选项( A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Falling off a box car and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old . Now I am thirty two. I can remember the brightness of sunshine. It would be wonderful to see again, a tragedy can do strange things to people.

It to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadn't been blind. My parents and my teacher saw something me,and they made me want to against blindness.

The hardest I had to learn was to believe in myself. If I hadn't been able to do that, I would have down and become a chair rocker for the rest of my life. When I say in myself I am not talking about the kind of self-confidence that me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. But I mean something bigger than that: an assurance that I am real positive person imperfections.

It took me years to obtain this . It had to start with the . Once a man gave me an indoor . “I can’t use this.” I said. “Take it with you,” he me, “and roll it around.” The stuck in my head. “Roll it around!” By rolling the ball I could hear where it went. This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought . At the School for the Blind I a new kind of baseball called ground ball.

All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time. I had to learn my . I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made .

1.A. randomly B. abruptly C. roughly D. completely

2.A. so B.but C. thus D. and

3.A. occurred B . refereed C. brought D. turned

4.A. of B. for C. to D. in

5.A.get B．fight C. find D. drop

6.A. method B. experience C. lesson D. manner

7.A. broken B. put C. settled D. lay

8.A．courage B. ambition C. belief D. power

9.A．Only B. simply C. fairly D. slightly

10.A. stop. B. helps C. finds D. given

11.A. despite B．except C. unless D. unlike

12.A. description B. existence C. intelligence D. recognition

13.A. accident B. incident C. trouble D. event

14.A. chair B. baseball C.game D. design

15.A. urged B. blamed C. greeted D. teased

16.A. goals B. words C. baseballs D. ideas

17.A. valuable B. reasonable C. impossible D. unbearable.

18.A．discovered B. equipped C. formed D. invented

19.A．limitations B. advantages. C. puzzles D. personalities

20.A. sense B. progress C. mistakes D. friends

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