题目内容
1."Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,but changes in temperature,humidity (湿度) and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide,"said researchers from the National University of Singapore45percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past.The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats,caused by climate change,are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures.
"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms (机制) involved,or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected,"the researchers said."Until we understand more,we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify."
The change was big in cold-blooded animals.Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make creatures smaller.An increase of only 1℃caused nearly a 10percent increase in metabolism(新陈代谢).Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.Fish are smaller now too.Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers,experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growing.
Warm-blooded animals weren't immune (兔疫) from the size change caused by climate change.Many birds are now smaller.Red deer are weaker.And polar bears are smaller,compared with historical records.
This isn't the first time that has happened in Earth's history.55million years ago,a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees,spiders and ants to shrink by 50t0 75percent over several thousand years.That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change.
The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough,especially those with long generation times.So,it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future.
67.What does the text mainly talk about?D
A.Why some species become smaller.
B.How climate changes in Earth's history.
C.Climate change has many negative effects.
D.Species are becoming smaller as climate gets warmer.
68.What does the underlined word"trumped"in paragraph l mean?A
A.beaten B.gained C.destroyed D.lost
69.Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe thatB.
A.they have found the exact causes for creatures getting smaller
B.increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting smaller
C.climate change has more negative effects on warm-blooded animals
D.all the animals on the earth have become smaller
70.What does the auther feel about the climate change?A
A.Worried B.Optimistic C.Disappointed D.Shameful.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象,气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影响,人类需要尽快采取措施.
解答 67.D.主旨大意题.全文主要说明了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象,因此随着天气变暖物种变少最适合作本文标题;故选D.
68.A.词义猜测题.根据句中的but可知,画线词所在部分与画线词前面的内容"大气中二氧化碳的增加将使生物个体变大"是转折关系,从而可以推测气温、湿度、营养等的变化对生物的影响战胜了二氧化碳增加的好处,即实际上生物个体变小了;故选A.
69.B.细节理解题.第三段研究人员提到"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved",其中"the exact mechanisms"指的是气候变暖影响生物个体大小的确切原理,故选B.
70.A.细节理解题.根据第四段最后一句"There is a recent report on warmer temperatures'negative effects on plankton(浮游生物),the base of the marine ecosystem."可知,气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影响,因此大家对此事担忧的;故选A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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41.A.spring | B.summer | C.autumn | D.winter |
42.A.proud | B.excited | C.nervous | D.shy |
43.A.chance | B.choice | C.promise | D.suggestion |
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45.A.pet | B.strong | C.guide | D.good |
46.A.job | B.trip | C.house | D.prize |
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48.A.thought | B.feel | C.fear | D.Use |
49.A.advising | B.allowing | C.teaching | D.helping |
50.A.never | B.just | C.even | D.also |
51.A.for | B.so | C.or | D.once |
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A.Help with fishing.
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