题目内容

1.Trade has a pretty bad name in some quarters.Trade robs poor people of a proper living,and keeps them trapped in poverty.There is a widely held popular view that trade is unfair.
Though many claim that a freer trade would change the current indecent reputation of world market,the cure-all free trade is the dream of most textbook economists.In fact,"Free trade"has been used successfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds and squeeze out local household businesses and craftsmanship.
At home the story is different.Large firms have little appetite for free trade and competition in their own backyard.They prefer to enjoy the advantages and protections for which they have carefully earned.Free thus fierce competition has little appeal for those who understand that they will make more profit if they can corner the market,whether at home or abroad.
By contrast,making trade fairer is about addressing both outcomes and processes of trade.Fairness is not just moral request.It affects behaviour.Actually the concept of fairness increases steadily as societies achieve greater market uprightness:Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair,even if this is costly to themselves.
Fairer trade rather than freer trade could partly mend mal-administering of resources in certain areas.Though thought of as evil economic policies in the west world,carefully planned special preferences and protectionism could be used intelligently to help to block the economic robbery of the rich class in African countries,and to improve the lives of the bottom billion.
Fairness is also important in the control of trade.The current International trade negotiations have resulted in rules favouring the powerful.The rules are made in negotiations in which the countries in control call the shots,and do not always do so in good faith.Industrialized countries were often found to have obtained definite and far-reaching commitments from developing countries,in exchange for vague promises,such as to liberalise agriculture,which they have not kept.On the other hand,the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business,rich or poor,powerful or weak.
Making trade fairer is important to avoid a further public hate against trade.It is also important so as better to balance trade goals with other important national goals such as environmental and social protection.Finally,the so-called free trade system needs to be made fairer so that it does not block competition,and crush innovation and business spirit.It needs to offer a more level playing field to commercial newcomers and competitors in rich and poor countries alike.

74.Free trade is a concept at rich countries'service toA.
A.open up new markets abroad
B.define trade in the economic textbooks
C.dump pollutants in poor countries
D.learn the skills from local household businesses.
75.The key mechanism of fair trade isD.
A.punishing the rich countries when they cheat the poor countries
B.making sure that rich countries provide more chances for poor countries
C.promoting special preferences and protectionism in poor areas
D.guaranteeing the common interests of all the dealers
76.The underlined word"mal-administering"in the passage is closest in meaning toC.
A.macro-management
B.overall collection
C.uneven distribution
D.negative mining
77.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?B
A.Large firms earn huge profits from free trade on domestic markets.
B.Honest dealers would sacrifice their own interest to discipline the dishonest.
C.Special preferences and protectionism are occasionally adopted in western countries.
D.A fairer trade helps to ease competition between the rich and the poor.

分析 文章讲述了贸易存在许多不公平.诚实的商人宁愿牺牲自己的利益也愿意去惩罚那些不公平的商人.

解答 74-77 ADCB
74题答案是A.细节理解题.根据文章第二段中的""Free trade"has been used successfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds"可知,自由贸易让许多有实力的国家将本土的商品倾销到海外新的市场上,故选A.
75题答案是D.细节理解题.根据文章第六段中的"the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business,rich or poor,powerful or weak"可知,公平贸易实质在于保证每个国家都能够得到自己平等的利益,无论这些国家贫穷还是富裕、强大还是弱小.故选D.
76题答案是C.词义猜测题.根据第五段中的内容可知,虽然西方国家实行一些邪恶的经济政策,但是特殊优惠和保护制度也能更明智地帮助阻止非洲国家的富裕阶层的掠夺,也能改善底层人民的生活.通过这个例子,可知更公正的贸易在部分地区可以修补资源分布不均的(uneven distribution)现象.故选C.
77题答案是B.推理判断题.根据第四段中的"Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair,even if this is costly to themselves."可知诚实的商人即使牺牲自己的利益也愿意去惩罚那些不公平的商人.故选B.

点评 本文是政治经济类阅读理解.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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2.A.hurriedlyB.privatelyC.mysteriouslyD.occasionally
3.A.riverB.lakeC.hillD.beach
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Their picture of what a family ought to have includes a space to eat together away from the television,plenty of fruit and vegetables,and bicycles so children can get exercise.
The breakdown of necessities and luxuries was prepared by researchers from the Department for Work and Pensions(DWP) who were trying to establish an up-to-date picture of what parents say they really need.
Their findings show how families have scaled down their expectations in the face of economic difficulties-how parents are now concentrating their attention and money firmly on the long-term interests of their children.Many believe that while it is vital for a family to do things together,day trips or weekend breaks are enough.
Spending on furniture or decorating the house was also considered luxurious,unless the state of the home was so bad it became difficult to invite visitors in.
Instead,researchers said:A family home should have an area where the family can eat together,not on their laps in front of a television.Families should be able to go on outings,overnight trips and possibly short holiday:the fact of being able to share these experiences is more important than the precise activity and its cost.
71.It can be inferred thatD.
A.a week or more holiday is considered beyond many families'reach
B.children hardly ever need fashionable clothes and lots of toys
C.what a family should have is basic things that they must have
D.annual holidays were once considered necessary and vital
72.In the opinion of most parents,B.
A.families can watch TV together in order to keep up their relationship
B.day trips or weekend breaks are enough for families to share experiences
C.their expectations should be increased in the face of economic difficulties
D.a week's holiday is an essential minimum during the financial crisis
73.Which of the following is TRUE of the researchers from the DWP?C
A.They confirm many families still need at least a week away on holiday each year.
B.They learn it is insignificant for a family to do things with each other regularly.
C.They want to know what parents really need in the face of economic difficulties.
D.They found spending on furniture or decorating the house was thought valuable.
74.We can conclude from the last paragraphA.
A.being able to share experiences is important for families
B.a family needs at least a week away on holiday each year
C.a family home should have a comfortable area to watch TV
D.going on outings and overnight trips is wasting time for families
75.What does the author mainly discuss in the text?B
A.Cycling is very important for children's health.
B.Family holidays once a year have become a luxury.
C.It is vital for parents to eat together with children.
D.Parents are concerned with children's future.
11.The massive 8.8quake,the seventh strongest in recorded history,hit Chile and should have shortened the length of an Earth day by 1.26milliseconds,More impressive is how much the quake shifted the Earth's axis(地轴).The computer mode!Used to determine the effects of the Chile earthquake effect also found that it should have moved the Earth's figure axis by about 8cm.The Earth's figure figure axis is not the same as its north-south axis,which Earth turns around once every day at a speed of about 1,604kph.The figure axis is the axis around which the Earth's mass is balanced.It is offset(偏离) from the Earth's north-south axis by about 10meters.
Strong earthquakes can change Earth's days and its axis.The 9.1Sumatran earthquake in 2004,which set off a deadly tsunami(海啸),should have shortened Earth's days by 0.0068milliseconds and shifted its axis by about 7cm.
One Earth day is about 24hours long.Over the course of a year,the length of a day normally changes gradually by one millisecond,It increases in the winter when Earth more slowly,and decreases in the summer.
The Chile earthquake was much smaller than the Sumatran quake,but its effects on the Earth are larger because of its location.The fault(断层) responsible for the 2010Chile quake also cuts through Earth at a larger angle that the Sumatran quake's fault.This makes the Chile fault ore effective in moving the Earth's mass vertically and hence more effective in shifting the Earth's figure axis.
The findings are based on early date available on the Chile earthquake.The Chile earthquake has killed more than 700people and cause widespread damage in the South American country.

64.What's the biggest problem caused by the Chile quake?C
A.It is the seventh strongest in recorded history.
B.It should have shortened the length of an Earth day.
C.It shifted the Earth's axis.
D.It made the day longer on Earth.
65.Comparing the Sumatram earthquake with the Chile earthquake,we know thatB.
A.the Sumatram earthquake had more effect on Earth
B.the location of the Chile earthquake is responsible for its larger effects on Earth.
C.the Sumatram earthquake was less destructive
D.the Chile earthquake fault changed the Earth's mass
66.What does the word"it"in the 4th paragraph refer to?A
A.The leng of a day.  B.The axis.
C.One millisecond.    D.The change of the day.

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