题目内容
A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers. “last week,” said he, “my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn't get it back. ”
“How did you write your advertisement?” asked one of the listeners, a merchant.
“Here it is, said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The other man took it and read, “Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street. ”
“Now, “Said the merchant, “I often advertise, and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try for your umbrella again, and if it fails, I'll buy you a new one. ”
The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn't wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known. ”
This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours that had been thrown, and his own was among them. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.
1.The result of the first advertisement was that ______________.
A. the umbrella was found somewhere near the church
B. the man got his umbrella back
C. nobody found the missing umbrella
D. the man wasted some money advertising
2.The merchant suggested that the man should _______________.
A. buy a new umbrella
B. report the police
C. go on looking for his umbrella
D. write another and better advertisement
3.“If it fails, I’ll buy you a new one,” suggested that the merchant ______________.
A. wanted to buy him a new umbrella
B. didn’t know what to do
C. was rich enough to buy one
D. was quite sure of success
4.The story is mainly about _________________.
A. a useless advertisement
B. how to make an effective advertisement
C. what the merchant did for the umbrella owner
D. how the man lost and found his umbrella
Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds.At parties,he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place.He prefers the latter.Yet,with some 22 million video views under his belt,the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most watched TED Talks presenter of all time.
Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck.It’s the result of fears faced and erased,trial and error and tireless practice,on and off stage.Here are his secrets for delivering speeches that inspire,inform and entertain.
Don’t talk right away.
Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage.“A lot of people start talking right away,and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says.“That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear.”
Instead,quietly walk out on stage.Then take a deep breath,find your place,wait a few seconds and begin.“I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says,“but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation.”
Show up to give,not to take.
Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas,to get people to follow them on social media,buy their books or even just to like them.Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away.And,when they do,they disengage.
“We are highly social animals,” says Sinek.“Even at a distance on stage,we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker,and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value,that teaches them something new,that inspires them — than a taker.”
Speak unusually slowly.
When you get nervous,it’s not just your heart beat that quickens.Your words also tend to speed up.Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than we know.
“They want you to succeed up there,but the more you rush,the more you turn them off,” he says.“If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long,deep breath,they’ll wait for you.It’s kind of amazing.”
Turn nervousness into excitement.
Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics.A few years ago he noticed that reporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were all asking the same question.“Were you nervous?” And all of the athletes gave the same answer: “No,I was exciteD. ” These competitors were taking the body’s signs of nervousness—clammy hands,pounding heart and tense nerves—and reinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration.
When you’re up on stage you will likely go through the same thing.That’s when Sinek says you should say to yourself out loud,“I’m not nervous,I’m excited!”
Say thank you when you’re done.
Applause is a gift,and when you receive a gift,it’s only right to express how grateful you are for it.This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with these two simple yet powerful words: thank you.
“They gave you their time,and they’re giving you their applause.” Says Sinek.“That’s a gift,and you have to be grateful.”
Passage outline | Supporting details |
1.to Simon Sinek | He is by 2.shy and dislikes making speeches in public. Through his 3.effort, he enjoys great success in giving speeches |
Tips on delivering speeches | Avoid talking 4.for it indicates you’re nervous. Keep calm and wait a few seconds before talking, which will create an 5.that you are confident. |
Try to be a giver rather than a taker because in 6.with a taker, a giver can get more popular and accepted. Teach audience something new that they can 7.from. | |
Speak a bit slowly just to help you stay calm Never speed up while speaking in case you 8.the audience. | |
Switch nervousness to excitement by 9.the example of Olympic athletes. | |
Express your 10.to the audience for their time and applause to conclude your speech. |