As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations -----UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now, through the two organizations that he has founded -----the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project -----Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

1.Many scholars are making efforts to ______.

A. rescue disappearing languages

B. promote global languages

C. search for language communities

D. set up language research organizations.

2. What does “that tradition’ in Paragraph 3 refer to ?

A. Telling stories about language users

B. Writing books on language teaching.

C. Having full records of the languages

D. Living with the native speaker.

3.What is Turin’s book based on?

A. The cultual studies

B. His personal experience in Nepal.

C. His language research in Bhutan.

D. The documents available at Yale.

4.Which of the following best describe Turin’s work?

A. Write, sell and donate.

B. Collect, protect and reconnect.

C. Record, repair and reward.

D. Design, experiment and report.

阅读填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分释)

Food makes us feel good, but some people eat when they aren’t really hungry and eat to simply feel good. This kind of eating habit is called emotional eating, which does not affect adults but also young children. It isn’t a good thing.

A child’s eating habits can develop right from childhood. As we know, a baby cries out if he doesn’t get milk at the usual time of the day. However, sometimes parents immediately stick a bottle in a child’s mouth without trying to find out if the child is really hungry. In fact, children may cry for other reasons. Even as children grow up and start going to school, parents sometimes give them a chocolate bar if they become really unhappy. As the children further grow up, they may become used to having a snack whenever they’re upset or low.

Therefore, they’d like to eat an emotional snack when they have the feeling of unhappiness and boredom. Even when they don’t get high grades, aren’t popular at school or made fun of by others, they will want something to eat. After having the snack, they feel a lot better.

Emotional eating in young children is a thing that needs to be taken seriously. To protect your children from emotional eating, you should satisfy your child’s emotional needs in the best possible way. This includes spending time with your child every day, taking an interest in his school work, helping your child study, providing a health environment without tension at home, etc. Don’t make the child lose face by scolding him. Develop confidence in your child. Make your child eat enough once in a while. Reward him for his achievements.

All this will help your little one develop a healthy eating habit. And always remember love and care is the key to help you child out of trouble and grow up happily.

Title: 1. in Young Children

Definition

Eating for feeling good instead of for 2..

Causes

forming the habit when they are 3.

feeling4.

feeling getting low grades and feeling 5.

being made fun of by others

6.

staying with your child for some time every day

being 7. in your child’s studies and help him study

providing a healthy environment without tension at home

avoiding 8. to make him ashamed

making your child 9. in himself

giving your child enough to eat once in a while

giving your child reward for what he has achieved

10.

Love and care helps children out of trouble.

Sports are the base of my life, next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us.I have been into sports since I was six years old.I have known many coaches and heard hundreds of their tips, but they usually focused on drills to develop my skills and reach the next level of play.

When I was in Senior Two, I met the new school basketball coach, Brian Pawloski.I thought I was certain to be selected for the school team since I had been in it the year before.I showed up to the tryouts and put out about 90% effort since I thought I’d make it with no problem.That was a big mistake.

Brian Pawloski is the hardest working coach I have ever met.He didn’t expect 100% effort, he expected 200% effort.One example: he once made us do 40 suicide drills for the 40 lay ups (投篮) we missed in a game.Some think this is crazy, but it isn’t.After this conditioning practice, as we were getting a cup of cold water to drink, I said, “coach, that was the best practice I ever had.” I was completely sincere.This man was and is the person who influenced me most at my high school.He expects us to be excellent not just on the court but in the classroom.If I am not working on basketball, I am reading a book that he thinks will help us better understand life’s challenges, including Wooden, Coach, and The Screwtape Letters.

In the first two years I slacked off, not putting forth my full potential.Now, unlike the coaches of my youth, this man was interested in how he did off the court.He always made sure I kept up with my studies and was able to be trusted.I can honestly say that no other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in life.My school is lucky to have such a great person to teach, coach and influence their students.I will always remember my high school basketball days as one of the hardest times I have ever worked in my life not only in basketball but in my growth as an individual.

1.Different from other coaches, Coach Brian ________.

A.concentrated on skill training

B.trained the team to the edge of death

C.expected the team to do well in their studies

D.asked the team to do more reading than training

2.The underlined phrase “slacked off” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A.paid no attention

B.showed no interest

C.had less passion

D.made less effort

3.In the author’s eye, Coach Brian is ________.

A.strict and helpful

B.hardworking and honest

C.skilled and cruel

D.professional and serious

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