题目内容

【题目】Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.

In Brazil

Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can last for hoursthere’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.

In Singapore

Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency (效率) is the goal, so meetings are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. People avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.

In the United Arab Emirates

In the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided.

In Switzerland

The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is important, so arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows(肘部) off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.

【1】The passage mainly deals with ________.

A. various types of communication

B. the atmosphere in workplace

C. living conditions and standards

D. customs and social manners

【2】Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?

A. They regard efficiency as the most important.

B. They dislike face-to-face communication.

C. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.

D. They are used to having a fast-paced and direct talk.

【3】In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?

A. In Brazil. B. In Singapore.

C. In the United Arab Emirate. D. In Switzerland.

答案

【1】D

【2】C

【3】D

【解析】

试题分析:短文主要讲的是我们在一些国家的商业活动中所应该遵守的一些礼仪。

【1】D 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.可知,这篇文章主要是关于社交礼仪的,故选D。

【2】C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句Rank is important and authority is respected. People avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.可知,新加坡人不和老板争吵的原因是他们要求尊重比自己地位高的人,故选C。

【3】D 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows(肘部) off the table. 可知,瑞士人习惯将胳膊放在桌子上,故选D。

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【题目】If you are a sleep deprived(被剥夺) teacher, you may not be aware of the term woodpeckering(啄木鸟式点头), but you’ve probably done it. It happens the day following a bad night’s sleep. You’re sitting in a long meeting and you can barely keep your eyes open, so you support your head up with your hand. Next thing you know, you are moving your sleeping head back to its upright position. Do this a few times and you are woodpeckering.

I thought I knew sleep deprivation when I did my medical internship in hospital. That year I frequently went 36 hours with no sleep. When I finished my stay in neurology(神经内科), I welcomed the promise of full nights of sleep ever after. It went pretty well for the next 10 years until I became a school teacher and experienced a whole new level of sleep deprivation.

Teachers’ working hours go far beyond the 8 am to 5 pm schedule of kids in school. There are hours spent at staff meetings, correcting homework, preparing for the next day and then there is the worrying. What I did in a hospital emergency room required no more intensive mental energy than what is need to keep 30 kids attentive enough to learn what I was teacher.

Good teachers are like magicians keeping a dozen balls in the air to come at right time, with alarm set for 6 am to finish grading papers, memories of the day that’s gone- including the students who didn’t understand something, forgot their lunch or were embarrassed by wrong angers. All these will become sleep-resistant barriers. And also with some financial stress, you’ll have a cycle of insomnia(失眠) with unwelcome consequences.

With inadequate sleep comes irritability(易怒), forgetfulness, lower tolerance of even minor annoyances, and less efficient organization and planning. These are the very mental muscles that teachers need to meet the challenges of the next day. In wanting to do a better job the next day, the brain keeps bringing up the worries that deny the rest it needs.

1After a bad night’s sleep, usually the direct effect for the next day is to ______.

A. keep one’s eyes open all the time

B. move head back and forth

C. raise one’s head in upright position

D. keep nodding like a woodpecker

2Good teachers’ sleep problems are mainly due to the _____.

A. common sleep-resistant barriers

B. embarrassment for wrong answers

C. diligence and devotion to teaching

D. misunderstanding of their students

3What does the writer really want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A. Unfavorable effects of inadequate sleep are various

B. Lay down worries and sleep well first for the next day.

C. Teachers should often practice mental muscles.

D. Better job has nothing to do with inadequate sleep.

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