You may have experienced the frustration of receiving a parking fine or finding your car towed away (拖走)after leaving it parked for a couple of minutes.

But now a hightech car sticker could help motorists avoid such a situation by allowing a traffic warden(管理员)to get in touch with them. Car owners can buy the sticker and place it inside their car’ s windscreen, having set it up with vital information, such as their phone number. The slim design will include a sensor that will send a text message warning a driver about a coming fine when touched by a traffic warden. The message will ask them to move their car immediately. The driver could then type a reply for the warden using their smartphone, which will appear on the sticker’ s screen.They may choose to write something along the lines of“back in two minutes”in a bid to avoid a fine. Frankfurt-based IT consultant, Daniel Kalliontzis, came up with the idea and is raising funds on Indiegogo to put his 54 sticker into production.

The smart sticker system will rely on the good will of traffic wardens and critically, a German law. The law states:“An officer has to choose the most efficient and inexpensive way for the car owner to remove the vehicle.”It could be cheaper for the authorities to contact the driver than to tow his car.

At the time of writing, Mr Kalliontzis has raised just over 3,000 of his 50,000 goal on Indiegogo. If he manages to raise the money, the stickers will be shipped in June 2015. But it appears that car owners using the smart system could get some unnecessary warning messages, because anyone could touch the smart sticker.

1.The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. highlight an awkward situation

B. complain about a parking fine

C. introduce the topic of the passage

D. remind motorists of the parking risk

2.What may probably contribute to the application of the TowStop sticker in Germany?

A. The sticker’ s low cost.

B. The mass production.

C. The goodwill of motorists.

D. The law of the country.

3.What can be concluded from the last paragraph about the TowStop Sticker?

A. It takes time and efforts to put it to use.

B. Only traffic wardens can touch the sticker.

C. All car owners will use the sticker in 2015.

D. Kalliontzis is experienced in raising money.

4.What’ s the right order of the following statements according to the passage?

①A message is sent by the sensor.

②The sticker is put inside a car’ s windscreen.

③A traffic warden touches the smart sticker.

④The sticker is set up with vital information.

⑤The motorist sends a message.

A.②④⑤③① B.④②③①⑤

C. ④②③⑤① D.②④①③⑤

About five to seven million people who lived in England spoke English at the end of the 16th century. Later in the next century, people from England overcame other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

Look at this example:

British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?

American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment.

So why has English changed over time? All languages change and develop when cultures meet. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers improved the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.

Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.

English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.

1.When did English begin to be spoken in many other countries?

A. In 16th century.

B. In 17th century.

C. In 18th century.

D. In 19th century.

2.Shakespeare could use a wider vocabulary than ever before because English_______.

A. developed when new settlers came to Britain

B. was based on Germany during the 5th century

C. became the language for government and education

D. was spoken wide all over the world

3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. British settlers moved to America in the 18th.

B. It’s easy for Chinese people speak fluent English.

C. English once became the official language in India.

D. English was influenced by Danish invaders in AD 450 .

4.What showed the differences of American English spelling?

A. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary B. Shakespeare’s books

C. French ruler’s language D. Noah Webster’s dictionary

5.For what purpose does the author write the passage?

A. To settle English in many countries.

B. To understand English-speaking people.

C. To describe the development of English.

D. To tell people changes of American English.

A gust of wind blew a canvas chair across the yard. My eyes followed the circling dirt out to the road and down toward the school bus stop. I was going to miss walking down the road to catch the big school bus that took us into town to school. I enjoyed being with the teachers and the other students. Now that I was finished with school I seemed to have lost some of the excitement from my life.

As I was folding the canvas chair, Chatita Chávez drove into our yard in her father’s old truck. It made short loud sounds and sent out a trail of black smoke out of its tailpipe. She got out smiling as usual and excitedly pointed toward the storm that seemed to be moving toward us.

“I can’t stay long, Nilda. There’s a storm coming and I need to beat it home.” I was glad to see her. “Yes, I think we’re in for some bad weather. Come on in and have a cup of coffee at least,” I said as I took her into our kitchen.

“I’m so excited, Nilda! You’ll never guess what I just did!” I stopped pouring the coffee and turned and looked at her.

“I just went over to Edinburg and registered for junior college,” she said and looked at me and smiled. “Don’t you want to go take classes with me?”

I was astonished. I didn’t know what to say. How could I go to college? I didn’t have any money. I gave Chatita a cup of coffee. “I don’t know. I don’t think I can. Isn’t college expensive?”

Chatita sat down at the table and began adding sugar to her coffee. “Not really, and I’m working part-time at the packing shed(棚)on Canal Road. You could work there, too.”

The wind began to gust causing the house to occasionally make sounds and shake. The lightbulb hanging over the table flashed off and on and I heard a low roll of thunder in the distance.

I hesitantly asked, “Do you think I could get a job at the packing shed?”

“Sure. My cousin is the boss. He’ll give you a job.” Mamá came into the kitchen and exchanged greetings with Chatita. She must have heard our conversation.

“I think it’s nice that you’re going to go to college, Chatita. What will you study?” my

mother asked as she joined us at the table.

“I want to be a teacher.”

“A teacher! How nice!” Mamá said as she patted Chatita’s arm.

“A teacher?” I asked. “Don’t you need a degree?”

“You can start teaching before you get your degree. Clarence Duncan has been teaching in Brownsville since last year and I think Zulema will start this year.”

The lightbulb blinked again and went out. Mamá quickly arose from the table. “I’m going to have to bring in the lanterns. I knew I shouldn’t have packed them away.”

“Well, Nilda, do you want to go? Because, if you do, you can go over to Edinburg with me tomorrow.”

I hesitated, then said, “Yes. I want to go.” My heart was beating fast. I couldn’t believe how happy I was feeling.

“But I have to talk to Mamá and Papá. What if they won’t let me?”

“You can at least go with me tomorrow and find out what it’s all about. I’ll come by for you around eight.”

Chatita left me sitting at the table staring at my cup of coffee. It seemed so unreal, this idea of me going to college. My parents had never had the opportunity for much education. Juana had quit school to get married and Roberto and Zeke had graduated from high school as I had. But college? I would be the first one in my family to go to college. Yes, college was exactly what I wanted.

The day had turned dark and the rain had started. My mother came back into the kitchen with two lanterns.

“Mamá, I need to ask you something.”

She picked up a cloth and began to clean the dust from the lanterns. She looked at me and smiled.

“Mamá, if I could find a way to pay, could I take classes at the junior college?” I asked, trying to control my excitement.

She stopped cleaning and raised her eyebrows. “What would you study, my daughter?”

“I think I want to be a teacher,” I quietly replied.

Mamá sat down at the table across from me. “Then, I would like for you to go to college,” she said in a serious tone.

“What about Papá? Do you think he will allow me to go?”

“Your father wants you to be happy. If going to college and being a teacher makes you happy, then he will probably allow it,” she answered.

I didn’t say anything. I was enjoying the feeling of happiness and sense of wonder that had come over me. The two of us sat in the darkened room without speaking until I saw my mamá rubbing her eyes with the edge of her apron.

“What’s wrong, Mamá.”

“Nothing,” she replied. “I probably got some dust in my eyes. That’s all.”

1.This story is told from the point of view of___________.

A. Chatita B. Mamá C. Nilda D. Papá

2.Chatita responds to Nilda’s hesitancy about going to college with___________.

A. acceptance B. disappointment

C. encouragement D. indifference

3.According to the underlined sentence from the story, what feeling does this realization create for Nilda?

A. Sympathy. B. Frustration.

C. Annoyance. D. Satisfaction.

4.The real reason for Mamá’s tears is most likely because she is___________.

A. proud that Nilda wants to become a teacher

B. concerned about missing Nilda once she leaves

C. worried her husband will stop Nilda from leaving

D. happy that Nilda can work at a job with her friend

5.How does Nilda most show respect for her parents?

A. She picks up a chair from their yard.

B. She seeks their approval to go to college.

C. She sits with her mother without speaking.

D. She tells her mother she plans to become a teacher.

6.Which sentence from the story best supports Nilda’s sense of fulfillment?

A. “Now that I was finished with school I seemed to have lost some of the excitement from my life.”

B. “I haltingly asked, ‘Do you think I could get a job at the packing shed?’ ”

C. “ ‘Mamá, if I could find a way to pay, could I take classes at the junior college?’ ”

D. “I was enjoying the feeling of happiness and sense of wonder that had come over me.”

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The sun was shining when I got on No. 151 Bus. We passengers sat jammed together in heavy clothes. No one spoke. That's one of the rules, which we take for granted. we see the same faces every day, we prefer to behind our newspapers. People who sit so close together are using those thin sheets of newsprint to keep their .

As the bus came near the Mile, a suddenly rang out." ! This is your driver speaking." We looked at the back of the driver's head. "Put your papers down. All of you." The came down. "Now, turn and face the person next to you. Go ."

Surprisingly we all did it. Still no one smiled. I faced an old woman, her head wrapped in a red scarf(围巾). I saw her every day. Our eyes met. We waited for the next from the driver. "Now repeat after me. Good morning, neighbor!"

Our voice were . For many of us, these were the words we had spoken that day. But we said them together, like , to the strangers beside us. We couldn't help . There was the feeling of relief that we were not being held up. But more, there was the sense of ice being ." Good morning, neighbor." It was not so after all. Some of us repeated it, others shook hands, many laughed. The bus driver said nothing more. He didn't to. Not a single newspaper went back up. I heard laughter, a warm sound I had never heard before in .

When I reached my stop, I said to my seatmate, and then jumped off the bus. That day was off better than most.

1.A. unwritten B. strict C. bus D. city

2.A. As B. Because C. Although D. When

3.A. read B. hide C. talk D. sit

4.A. ways B. methods C. respect D. distance

5.A. voice B. warning C. suggestion D. message

6.A. Attention B. Minding C. Help D. Listen

7.A. driver B. passengers C. papers D. tears

8.A. on B. round C. ahead D. down

9.A. still B. nearly C. even D. hardly

10.A. turn B. talk C. order D. remark

11.A. loud B. neat C. slow D. weak

12.A. first B. last C. best D. only

13.A. passengers B. citizens C. patients D. schoolchildren

14.A. smiling B. crying C. shouting D. wondering

15.A. formed B. heated C. broken D. frozen

16.A. sad B. hard C. ordinary D. shy

17.A. need B. want C. like D. begin

18.A. my life B. other words C. public D. No. 151 Bus

19.A. good morning B. good-bye C. hello D. thanks

20.A. starting B. seeing C. taking D. turning

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