题目内容

Do you love the holidays, but hate gaining weight? You are not alone. Holidays are times for  celebrating. Many people are worried about their weight. With proper planning, though, it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.
Here are some tips for preventing（阻止） weight gain and maintaining（维持） physical fitness:   
Don’t skip meals. Before you leave home, have a small, low-fat meal or snack. This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious foods.
Control the amount of food. Use a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to "load up". You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.
Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables. Fill up beforehand on water-based soup and raw fruit or vegetables. Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you to feel full.
Stick to physical activity. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk help to burn off excess calories.
Avoid(避免) high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy may have large amount of fat. Choose lean meat (瘦肉).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. Use lemon juice instead of creamy food.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．You should never eat delicious foods.
B．Drinking some water or soup before eating helps you to eat less.
C．Holidays are happy days but they may bring you weight problems.
D．Physical exercise can reduce the chance of putting on weight.
小题2:Which of the following can NOT help people to lose weight according to the passage?
A．Eating lean meat.B．Creamy food.
C．Eating raw fruit or vegetables.D．Physical exercise.
小题3:Many people can’ t control their weight during the holidays mainly because they__________.
A．can’ t help being tempted to eat constantlyB．take part in too many parties
C．enjoy delicious foods sometimesD．can’t help turning away from foods.
小题4:If the passage appeared(出现) in a newspaper , which section（专栏） is the most suitable one ?
A．Holidays and Festivals sectionB．Health and Fitness section
C．Fashion sectionD．Student Times Club section.
小题5:What is the best title of the passage ?
A．How to avoid holiday feasting and celebrating .
B．Do’ s and don’ ts for keeping slim and fit.
C．How to avoid weight gain over holidays.
D．Wonderful holidays, boring weight.

小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:C
很多人在快乐的假日里禁不住美味佳肴的诱惑，因此他们担心在此期间自己的体重会增加。本文提出了一系列的合理化建议，对你可能会很有帮助。
小题1:A.表示转折关系的“But many people are worried about the weight that comes with these delicious foods. ”这句话是解题之关键。
小题1:B.根据文章最后一段中Avoid(避免) high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy may have large amount of fat.可知B错误。
小题1:A。“This may help you to keep you from getting too excited before the delicious foods.”根据本句，可推知有些人是禁不住美食佳肴的诱惑。
小题1:B。本文主要论述假日里的饮食和锻炼，故应当出现在健康方面的专栏。
小题1:C。本题考查文章的主旨大意。文章讲述很多人在快乐的假日里禁不住美味佳肴的诱惑，因此他们担心在此期间自己的体重会增加。故选C。
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There are many ways to keep kids of all ages physically fit besides sports.
If your child is a natural athlete or ___1____ lover, he or she is probably already active and __2___ easy to get moving. But if, like me, you are the parent of a junior sofa potato, complete with a(n) __3____ controller in one hand and a bag of potato chips in the other, you know what it is like to have your ___4__ to go outside to play met with, at best, silence or at worst, cry and ___5___.
If logic, threats and lectures on health don’t work, turn to __6___: trick him or her into liking by making it into fun. __7____ enjoyment, not pressure or physical fitness or anything that seems to be “good for you”. That is where the dancing and nature walks ___8____. Health experts say that the answer to the question, “Which type of exercise is best for my child?” is “Whichever one he or she likes best.” It doesn’t have to be swimming or soccer or gymnastics. ____9___ play, especially with the rest of the family, will ___10___ the body’s requirements for regular aerobic movement (有氧运动) just well, and won’t ever seem like exercising.
___11____, if nature is an interest, walk vigorously around finding every leaf, insect, and _12___ print in the park. If rock radio is the station of choice, ___13____ to the music. Get the family members playing catch, touch football together. Organize a(n) __14____ science group to walk around your neighborhood and pick your rubbish. Make every trip to the pool an excuse for playing games in the water together.
Remember that the goal is to set a pattern for lifelong fitness. And if you don’t make it _15___, kids are never going to keep it up.
小题1:
A．musicB．artC．sportsD．literature
小题2:
A．presentlyB．relativelyC．eventuallyD．feasibly
小题3:
A．air-conditionerB．cooking stove
C．electrical-applianceD．video-game
小题4:
A．adviceB．accountC．educationD．promise
小题5:
A．protestB．approveC．accuseD．propose
小题6:
A．treatmentB．philosophyC．democracyD．psychology
小题7:
A．ReduceB．AbandonC．EmphasizeD．Response
小题8:
A．give inB．come inC．result inD．believe in
小题9:
A．ActiveB．FairC．PassiveD．Rough
小题10:
A．graspB．outlineC．explainD．satisfy
小题11:
A．For exampleB．By contrastC．In proportionD．At most
小题12:
A．criminalB．animalC．fingerD．color
小题13:
A．listenB．adjustC．moveD．attend
小题14:
A．militaryB．environmentC．economicD．political
小题15:
A．enjoymentB．regulationC．strictnessD．discipline
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Most of us feel upset if we miss just one meal, and if we try to go without food for 12 hours we would really be uncomfortable. But there are some people who seem able to “fast” for very long periods.
Various records are claimed for long fast, but in most cases there is no medical proof and so the records are doubtful. One South African woman claimed that she lived for 102 days on nothinig but water and soda water.
There are great differences among living things in the ability to survive without food. For example , a tick（扁虱）, which lives on animals, may survive a whole year. Warm-blooded animals use up their stores of food in the body more quickly.
In fact, the smaller and more active the animal, the more quickly it uses up its reserves. A small bird starves to death in about five days, a dog in about twenty. In general, we can say that a warm-blooded creature will die when it has lost about half its normal weight.
This matter of weight is important. Man and other creatures live in a state of metabolic equiplibrium（新陈代谢的平衡）which means maintaining the body weight once a certain point has been reached. This regulation of body weight is done by thirst, hunger, and appetite.
When your blood lacks nutritional materials, this registers（记录）in the hunger center of the brain and you feel “hungry”. The body is crying out for any kind of fuel(food). And it is our appetite that sees to it hat we chooose a mixed diet, which is the kind the body needs.
小题1:According to this passage, a man will die _________.
A．when a certain point in losing weight has been reached.
B．when his blood lacks nutritional material
C．when his normal weight is lost
D．when he goes without food for more than 12 hours
小题2:The word “fast” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by ________.
A．eat no foodB．live merely on water and soda water
C．live on nothingD．remains alive for a long time without food
小题3:A tick can survive much longer than a bird because ________.
A．a tick lives on animalsB．a tick is much smaller
C．a bird is more activeD．both B and C
小题4:A person feels hungry _________.
A．if he doesn’t choose a mixed diet
B．because his body cries out for food
C．when soemthing is wrong with regulation of body weight
D．if there are not enough nutritional in his blood
小题5:From the passage we can infer that the author ________.
A．believes the South African woman very firmly
B．does not believe the South African woman at all
C．is not certain whether the South African woman’s claim was true.
D．is doubtful whether there was such a South African woman
After moving to the United States, immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds．That's one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America．
The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents' food choices．After being questioned about their ability to speak English，75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.
When their American identity was called into question during a follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches．In that experiment, 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant. Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat（饱和脂肪）.
"People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，"said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington." If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health." Cheryan added．
Social pressures，the study concluded, are at the heart of the problem．"In American society today, being American is associated with being white．Americans，who don't fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they're American," said Cheryan．
小题1:The author wants to show that __________.
A．more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks
B．immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in
C．most Americans are at the risk of heart disease
D．all the American people have a bad eating habit
小题2:According to the survey, __________.
A．Asian-Americans care less about their health
B．25 percent of Americans like junk food
C．choosing food is related to Asian-Americans' situation
D．immigrants are forced to eat junk food
小题3:The underlined word "fare" in Paragraph 4 most probably means" __________".
A．food offered as a mealB．a person taking a taxi
C．money spent on food D．an arranged thing to do
小题4:According to Sauna Cheryan, __________.
A．what immigrants have done is ridiculous
B．American traditional foods are healthier
C．immigrants risk their health in order to fit in
D．American culture affects immigrants deeply
小题5:Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?
A．The situation of employment.B．The traditional culture.
C．The American government.D．The pressures from society.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
__小题1:__ Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.
The ridge(隆起) structure on a person’s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. __小题2:_ Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. __小题3:_ Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. __小题4:_ When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect(察觉) with the naked eye. __小题5:__ Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.
A．Special techniques are used to “develop” them.
B．A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.
C．It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.
D．With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.
E. A latent(潜在的) print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.
F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.
Are there fastest ways to lose weight? Yes, there are! This is no magic trick or miracle. It just needs sensible actions.
●Drink water
No, you don’t have to fill up like a tub, but ensure that you drink 8 to 10 glasses of water every day. Don’t substitute for juice. With adequate water intake your body will be able to metabolize（新陈代谢）fat more effectively. And if you have a glass of water 10-15 minutes before your meal, you will feel full once you start eating. Another fun fact, did you know that you can lose 62 calories by drinking ice cold water?
●Eat 5 times a day
Start with breakfast. The more you eat for breakfast, the less food you will want to eat at night. Please don’t skip this meal as you’ll end up swallowing everything in sight for the rest of the day. You don’t need to gobble up 5 large meals. Eat sensibly so your body doesn’t crave for food.
●Use weights
Needless to say, exercise is crucial to weight loss. You can’t expect to sit on the sofa all day, sip water and lose weight. Join a good gym that lets you work with weights. It will help you build muscle and your metabolism rate will increase. You’ll soon see the fat come off and in its place muscle will develop.
●Smaller bowls
It’s better to substitute the huge bowls you usually use for small ones – when food starts to fall off, you’ll know it’s enough. Try to get these new bowls in dark colors. Dark blue will be your best choice since it is the number one color that fights off the appetite. Avoid red/orange/yellow colors in your dining area – they are the ones making your appetite go sky high.
●Read between lines
Food and drink products are all out to get you. They scream “Buy me! Buy me!” They could be “fat free” but they could still have a lot of calories. You need to analyze the nutrition label on the cover. Find out what’s good for you and what isn’t. Knowing in advance can help you stay away from products that are calorie-enriched.
●Don’t punish yourself
Go easy on yourself at least one day in a week. If you begin to dislike your diet then there’s something wrong. Find a diet that suits your body type and your lifestyle.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．If you are on a diet, you should always keep to your diet.
B．Use smaller bowls can help you eat less food.
C．Skipping breakfast is not a wise way to lose weight.
D．Reading the nutrition label on drink and food products is helpful.
小题2:If you are going to run a restaurant, which colors will you choose to paint the dining area?
A．black and yellowB．gray and white
C．red and orangeD．blue and purple
小题3: Which of the following belongs to “weights” mentioned in the text?
A．beamB．shotC．barbellD．badminton
小题4:In order to lose weight quickly, you can do the following except_____.
A．drinking juice instead of water
B．working with weights to build muscle
C．buying products that are not calorie-enriched
D．eating proper amount of food
Compared to the other parts of the body, our ears don’t ask for much. They don't need to be brushed once a day like your teeth. But they need some special care, especially if you like listening to music with earphones.
Maybe your mum or dad has told you, "Turn that down before you go deaf!" Well, they are quite right. Loud noise might cause hearing loss for a short time or even forever. Think that earphones are a good way to escape from your parents’ eyes? Well. It may not be as good a way as you expect. American doctors have studied a group of 44,000 people who used earphones more than 15 hours per week. The doctors found that 37,000 of them were getting hearing problems.
If you use earphones for too long a time, your ears might feel painful. You could also lose your hearing for the rest of your life.
So don’t wear your earphones too long. Use them less than one hour a day.
Want sharp hearing? Don’t forget to do the following:
Try to stay away from places where there is too much noise, like a disco. If you have to go, wear earplugs.
When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in.
Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out.
Keep these things in mind! Then you won't be saying "WHAT???" when you are older.
小题1:Which is the topic paragraph of the article?
A．Paragraph One.B．Paragraph Two
C．Paragraph Five.D．The last Paragraph
小题2:Using earphones "may not be as good a way as you expect" because _______.
A．your parents know what you're doing
B．it can cause hearing problems
C．it makes your parents angry
D．most of you use them improperly
小题3:If you want sharp hearing, you should _____.
A．have your ears specially trained
B．often wear earplugs and clean out the earwax
C．take good care of your ears
D．choose what you listen to carefully
小题4:"WHAT???" in the last sentence is an expression showing that the speaker____.
A．has become impatientB．speaks in a loud voice
C．is slow in understandingD．asks for a lot of repetition
A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(对…的反应) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd
(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
小题1: A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.
A．people feel happy and energetic in the sun
B．sunshine protects people against heart disease
C．vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy
D．vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process
小题2:From Brent Richards, we know that _____.
A．sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D
B．the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process
C．vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals
D．the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age
小题3:What can we infer from the passage?
A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.
小题4: What is the best title of the passage?
A．Secret of Staying Young
B．Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing
C．Sunlight and Vitamin D
D．Sunlight and Health
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.
　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.
　　Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
小题1:According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.
A．is suitable for losing weightB．should be only fruits and vegetables
C．normally contains enough vitaminsD．is often difficult to arrange
小题2:What do we know about the disease beri-beri?
A．It killed large numbers of people.B．It resulted from lack of vitamins.
C．It was transmitted by milled rice.D．It was caused by diseased chickens.
小题3:What can be the best title of the passage?
A．A Good Mixed Diet　　　　　　 B．New Discovery
C．The Dangers of Beri-beri　　　　 D．The Importance of Vitamins

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